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The occurrence characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on the surfaces of buildings and devices in a typical coking plant were analyzed with the samples from different functional zones and materials. The health risk of PAHs was also evaluated. The results showed that PAHs concentrations ranged from 8.00×10 -2 -1.98×10 2 μg·dm -2 , and 22.0% wiping samples exceeded the World Trade Center Task Group(WTCTG)standard (1.45 μg·dm -2 ), the highest rate beyond the standard in the samples was 135. The functional zones with the high PAHs concentration were mainly located in the coking and refinery zone. The PAHs concentration on the surfaces of buildings in the coking zone was 12.1 μg·dm -2 , which was the highest in all functional zones. Among the surface materials, the antirust paint contained the highest concentrations of PAHs and were over the standard rate, whereas the glass had the lowest adsorption ability for PAHs. The US Superfund Risk Assessment Method was used to evaluate the health risk of PAHs. The evaluation results showed that PAHs in the coking and refinery zones were a risk for carcinogenicity, the total carcinogenic risk value to the exposed population (3.78×10 -6 -1.32×10 -5 ) was higher than the lower limit of the US EPA standard (10 -6 ). The results could provide the scientific basis for environmental management and remediation of contaminated sites.