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Introduction: It is common knowledge that depressive disorders are prevalent in cardiac patients. The fact of a prospective heart surgery can have a negative effect on depressive manifestations in cardiac patients. Objectives: To describe representation and structure of depression in preoperative cardiac surgery patients and its correlation with the patients' personal time perspective Methods: We used the Beck Depression Inventory to estimate the level and structure of depression in 60 cardiac surgery patients of both sexes and the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory to identify the patients' personal time perspective. Results: We revealed depression of various manifestations in 53.4% of preoperative cardiac patients; 3.3% of them had severe depression, 11.7% - moderate depression, 8.3% - mild depression, 30.0% - minimal depression. The patients' average level of depression was certainly higher than the standard one (t=3.295; ?=.000). According to degree, the structure of depressive manifestations included asthenia, irritability, sleeping disorders, low sex drive, weight loss, pessimism, tearfulness, difficulty working, and difficulty taking decision. Two patients showed suicidal thoughts. We revealed a positive correlation between the depression level and a Negative-Past time perspective (r=.39) and a negative correlation with the Positive Past time perspective (r=-.27). Conclusions: We identified depressive manifestations in every second preoperative cardiac patient. Every sixth one has moderate or severe depression, which calls for special attention. Research in personal time perspective has good prospects for psychological interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: During the pandemic, many surveys studied people's attitude to COVID-19. However, less information is available about the peculiarities of such attitude of the most vulnerable groups including chronic somatic patients who are in need of operative treatment. Objectives: To identify the specificity of preoperative cardiac surgery patients' attitudes toward COVID-19 as compared to that of healthy people. Methods: We used the Attitudes towards COVID-19 questionnaire (Nikolaev E.) to survey 60 preoperative cardiac patients and 327 healthy university students. Difference validity was assessed with significance level of p<0.05. Results: Cardiac patients are more likely to trust the government measures to fight COVID-19 (t=3.131; p=.002), and their COVID-19-related fears for their life are higher (t=2.793; p=.005). As compared to healthy people, patients are less likely to think that pandemic broke their customary way of life (t=-2.793; p=.005) and plans for the future (t=-3.337; p=.000). Credibly more often than healthy people, cardiac surgery patients consider that it is useless to wear a mask and limit contacts, as any person will eventually catch the virus (t=2.401; p=.017). We did not reveal any more evidently expressed COVID-19-related anxiety in preoperative cardiac surgery patients. Conclusions: Attitudes of cardiac surgery patients toward COVID-19 manifest in an adequate assessment of threat to their personal health, trust in the government measures, and readiness to change their daily plans. It is latent fatalistic ideas about ultimate uselessness of restrictive measures that pose threat to people's own health and the health of the people around them, which health professionals should remember in their preventive actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]