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The biochar is characterized by low surface area and, in order to their use as adsorbent it is possible to use the activation process that allows to liberate and to increase the pores of the surface, increasing its sorption capacity. In the present work the activation of the biochar produced in the pyrolysis of agroindustrial residue (fiber) of the green coconut was studied, being done with sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) at high temperature. Biochar (BC) and activated biochar (ABC) were characterized and ABC was tested for use in the extraction of organic compounds present in the phenolic liquor, produced during the same pyrolysis process. The determination of the textural characteristics was done by N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, obtaining an area of 1130 m2 g−1 for the ABC, being superior to the area of commercial activated coals, with a total volume of pores of 0.55 cm3 g−1. For the solid phase extraction (SPE) test, 500 mg of ABC were used in cartridges (equal to the commercial ones) obtaining a retention of about 100% of the organic compounds pre-existing in the sample, demonstrating the high adsorptive capacity of the activated biochar produced in this work. Desorption, as expected, had a lower performance than adsorption, being improved using ultrasonic bath, reaching values of the order of 40% recovery.

O uso de biomassa assume relevante importância no Brasil devido à intensa atividade agrícola e às grandes quantidades de resíduos agroindustriaisgerados. A solução desse problema é um grande desafio para os pesquisadores e o objetivo dos processos propostos não deve apenas reduzir a quantidade de resíduos, mas também agregar valor a esses materiais. A pirólise é uma técnica já estabelecida para transformação da biomassa em produtos sólidos (biochar), líquidos (bio-óleo) e gasosos por aquecimento em atmosfera inerte. A caracterização dos principais produtos (bio-óleo e biochar) a partir da pirólise, o aprimoramento das propriedades do biochar por ativação da sua superfície e sua utilização como adsorvente para metais em solução aquosa foram objetos de estudo desse trabalho. Foram utilizadas as biomassas de fibra de coco verde (FCV), resíduo da indústria do café (pele de prata - RIC), palha e bagaço de cana-de-açúcar (PC e BC). Os bio-óleos produzidos foram caracterizados por GC×GC/qMS O biochar foi ativado quimicamente, caracterizado e avaliado como adsorvente de cobre (II) em soluções aquosas. Os resultados mostram bio-óleos com grandes quantidades de fenóis, com potencial uso na indústria da química fina. No bio-óleo de pele de prata, também foi encontrada uma quantidade considerável de compostos nitrogenadosos quais têm possibilidade de uso em indústrias farmacêuticas. Os biochars ativados apresentaramelevada área superficial, formados por micro e meso poros e comexcelente capacidade de adsorção, principalmente para os carvões ativadosoriundos da pele de prata (RIC) e da palha de cana-de-açúcar (PC). Estes resultados indicam a possibilidade de uso integrado dos produtos da pirólise dentro de um conceito de biorrefinaria, onde se parte de um resíduo descartável e se chega a produtos de elevado valor agregado, com rejeito mínimo ao final do processo. The use of biomass is very important in Brazil due to the intense agricultural activity and the large amounts of agroindustrial residues generated. The solution to this problem is a major challenge for researchers and the aim of the proposed processes should not only reduce the amount of waste but also add value to these materials. Pyrolysis is an established technique for transforming biomass into solid (biochar), liquid (bio-oil) and gaseous products by heating in an inert atmosphere. The characterization of the main products (bio-oil and biochar) from pyrolysis, the enhancement of the properties of the biochar by surface activation and its use as an adsorbent for metals in aqueous solution are objects of study of this work. The biomass of green coconut fiber, coffee industry residue (silverskin) and sugar cane residues (bagasse and straw) were used. The biooils produced were characterized by GC×GC/qMS Biochar was chemically activated, characterized and evaluated as a copper (II) adsorbent from aqueous solutions. The results showed bio-oils with high amounts of phenols, which can be used in the fine chemicals industry. On the bio-oil from silverskin, considerabe amounts of nitrogen compounds were also found and these compounds have possibility of use in pharmaceutical industries. The activated biochars showed high surface area, formed by micro and meso pores and with excellent adsorption capacity, mainly for biochars originating from silverskin and sugarcane straw. These results indicate the possibility of integrated use of these materials within a concept of biorefinery, beginning with a disposable waste and ending with products of high added value and minimum waste at the end of the process.