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Amides are one of the most ubiquitous functional groups in synthetic and medicinal chemistry. Novel and rapid synthesis of amides remains in high demand. In this communication, a general and efficient procedure for branch‐selective hydroamidation of vinylarenes with hydroxyamine derivatives enabled by copper catalysis has been developed for the first time. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions and tolerates a broad range of functional groups. Applying a chiral phosphine ligand, an enantioselective variant of this transformation was achieved, affording a variety of chiral α‐amides with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee) and high yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report here a general four‐component synthetic procedure for the preparation of β‐boryl ketones and β‐boryl vinyl esters. Joint catalyzed by palladium and copper catalysts, borocarbonylative reaction between vinylarenes, aryl halides/triflates, B2Pin2, and carbon monoxide proceed successfully. A variety of synthetically useful β‐boryl ketones were synthesized in good to high yields by using aryl iodides as the substrates. It is noteworthy that when aryl triflates were applied as the starting materials, β‐boryl vinyl esters were synthesized in a similar manner and with broad functional group tolerance. A rational mechanism for this reaction was also proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein a practical and efficient protocol for preparing a range of aminoisoquinolines is reported. Various aminoisoquinolines were prepared in moderate to good yields from the corresponding 2-methylbenzonitriles and benzonitriles upon treatment with potassium tert-butoxide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Palladium-catalyzed reductive carbonylation of aryl halides represents a straightforward pathway for the synthesis of aromatic aldehydes. The known reductive carbonylation procedures either require CO gas or complexed compounds as CO sources. In this communication, we developed a palladium-catalyzed reductive carbonylation of aryl iodides with formic acid as the formyl source. As a convenient, practical, and environmental friendly methodology, no additional silane or H2 was required. A variety of aromatic aldehydes were isolated in moderate to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. Notably, this is the first procedure on using formic acid as the formyl source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paraformaldehyde (PFA), with the chemical formula CxHyOz, an infinite solid form of formaldehyde, is a very useful reagent in classical organic reactions. Numerous applications have been explored both in the chemical industry and organic chemistry research laboratories. In this general review, we have summarized the main achievements in the use of paraformaldehyde in organic reactions with transition metals as the catalysts. In these methodologies, paraformaldehyde has been applied as methylene blocks, hydroxymethylation reagents, CO source, syngas surrogate, hydrogen donor or acceptor, formylation and methylation reagents. Additionally, in order to make this review systematic, recent reported organocatalyzed transformations of paraformaldehyde have been included as well. 1 Introduction 2 As Methylene (¢CH2 ¢) Building Block 2.1 Catalytic Homologation of Alkynes 2.2 Catalyzed Formation of Diarylmethanes 2.3 Other Applications as ¢CH2 ¢ Unit 3 As Hydroxymethylation Reagent 3.1 Hydroxymethylation of Carbonyl Substrates 3.2 Reductive Hydroxymethylation of Allenes, Alkenes and Alkynes 3.3 Hydromethoxylation of Boronic Acids 4 As CO Source 4.1 Carbonylation Reactions 4.2 Hydroformylations Reactions 5 As Hydrogen Donor and Accepter 6 As Formylation and Methylation Reagents 6.1 Methylation Reagent 6.2 Formylation Reagent 7 Conclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A convenient palladium-catalyzed carbonylative coupling of aryl iodides and terminal alkynes with formic acid as the CO precursor has been developed. A variety of alkynones were obtained in good yields in a one-pot manner for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A CO surrogate: In two recent studies, CO2 has not only been applied as a CO source in the hydroformylation of alkenes and the carbonylative Hiyama–Denmark coupling of aryl iodides, but more interestingly it also attenuates or improves the reactivity of the reactants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The heterogeneous catalytic decomposition of ozone was investigated over unsupported manganese and cobalt oxide at room temperature. All catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2adsorption–desorption (Brunauer–Emmet–Teller method), H2-temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The catalytic activity test indicated that these oxides had a good activity on ozone conversion meanwhile the catalysts remained highly active over time under reaction conditions. The treated temperature of the catalyst had a significant impact on the performance of ozone abatement and the samples treated at lower temperature showed higher activity. The surface area decreased obviously when developing the calcination temperature and H2-TPR results demonstrated that much higher oxidation state of metal ions and active oxygen species were maintained on the surface under low treated temperature. XPS analysis showed that there were higher oxidation states of metal ions (Mn4+and Co3+) and adsorbed oxygen species on the surface of catalysts treated at lower temperature, both of which play a significant role in ozone decomposition. However, the activity of manganese oxide was higher than that of cobalt oxide and the possible reason for this phenomenon was discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oxidation reactions are one of the fundamental processes in organic chemistry and in recent years the application of low-toxic and abundant catalysts became a significant research target. In this regard, the application of zinc catalysis has been established. For instance the in situ mixture of zinc(II) bromide and pyridines substituted with carboxylic acid functions has been demonstrated to oxidize e.g. alcohols to aldehydes with hydrogen peroxide as terminal oxidant. However, no information on the structural composition of the in situ systems has been accounted so far. In this study we tried to shed light on these in situ systems and report on the synthesis, isolation and characterization of zinc(II) complexes modified with 2-picolinic acid (2). In more detail, [Zn(2-H)(2)Br] and [Zn(2-H)2(H2O)2] were obtained and subsequently tested in catalytic oxidation reactions. Both complexes showed catalytic activity in the oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde. Importantly, a lower activity was observed compared to the in situ system. Several experiments were performed to understand the different reactivity and it was found that a significant effect on oxidation processes revealed by the HBr, which is produced as side product in the in situ complex formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mon ami(ne)! A general and convenient methodology for 2‐aminobenzoxazinone synthesis has been developed (see scheme). Readily available 2‐bromoanilines and isocyanates were used as substrates and various products have been prepared in good yields. Notably, [Mo(CO)6] as a solid CO source was applied instead of gas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the use of ammonia for the development of palladium-catalyzed aminocarbonylation of benzyl chlorides. It notes that palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions have considered one of the most known methodologies for C-C bond formation in organic synthesis. Several primary 2-arylacetamides have been synthesized in good to excellent results.

Abstract: The first one-pot diazotization/aminocarbonylation reaction of anilines to benzamides has been developed. In the presence of commercially available palladium acetate/P(o-Tolyl)3 as the catalyst system without base at low temperature (50°C) a variety of amides were synthesized in moderate to good yields. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A novel methodology for the direct nitration of arylboronic acids has been developed. By using inexpensive tert-butyl nitrite various aromatic nitro compounds are produced in moderate to good yields (45–87%) without the need of any catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Review: [32 refs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Review: [main achievements in the use of paraformaldehyde as methylene block, hydroxymethylation reagent, CO source, syngas surrogate, hydrogen donor or acceptor, formylation and methylation reagent; 111 refs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract of the article "Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Synthesis of N-Benzoylindoles with Mo(CO)6 as the Carbon Monoxide Source" by X. Wu and colleagues is presented.

The catalyst is recyclable but a drop of yield has been observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract of the article "Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Primary Benzamides from Aryl Bromides via a Cyanation and Hydration Sequence" by Muhammad Sharif and colleagues is presented.

Palladium-catalyzed reaction of N,N-dialkylaryltriazenes with carbon monoxide proceeds by formal replacement of an N2-moiety with a carbonyl group and utilizes the N,N-dialkylamino group as a preassembled nucleophile to furnish aryl amides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents chemical equations related to the article "Ruthenium-Catalyzed Conjugate Hydrogenation of α,β-Enones by in situ Generated Dihydrogen from Paraformaldehyde and" by W. Li and others, published in the periodical "European Journal of Organic Chemistry" in 2015.

Review: 181 refs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract of the article "Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Synthesis of Benzoxazinones from N-(o-Bromoaryl)amides Using Paraformaldehyde as the Carbonyl Source" by Wanfang Li and Xiao-Feng Wu is presented.

Review: [146 refs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on the carbonylative synthesis of N-(2-Cyanoaryl)benzamides and sequential synthesis of quinazolinones.

Review: 46 refs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Application of tert-butylamine or unsubstituted aniline as well as heterocyclic dibromoaryl derivatives leads to formation of the corresponding amides and only trace amounts of the phthalimides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents chemical equations related to aryl halides' double carbonylation reaction leading to selective synthesis of 5-Arylfuranones, published in the 2013 issue of "Chemistry-A European Journal."

The article presents chemical equations related to the article "Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Synthesis of Quinazolinones from 2-Aminobenzamide and Aryl Bromides" by researchers L. He, H. Neumann, M. Beller and others published in the journal "European Journal of Chemistry" in 2013.

Chemical equations related to the article "A General Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Synthesis of Chromenones from Salicylic Aldehydes and Benzyl Chlorides" by researchers L. Wu, R. Jackstell, M. Beller and others published in the journal "European Journal of Chemistry" in 2013 are presented.

This is a general and efficient method for the preparation of furan-2-ones and alkynones under mild conditions in good to excellent yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Review: 129 refs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Review: 50 refs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A wide range of aromatic and heteroaromatic bromides is applied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A convenient cyclen-catalyzed Henry reaction of aldehydes with nitroalkanes under mild and neutral conditions is reported. This procedure constitutes the first cyclen-catalyzed synthesis of nitroalcohols and is adapted to the condensation of both aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes with nitromethane in THF at room temperature without addition of stoichiometric amount of the base. A wide range of substrates, β-nitroalcohols, were obtained in moderate to good yields (up to 98%) using this methodology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The use of paraffin wax-encapsulated Na2S·9H2O provides a straightforward access to synthetically valuable thiochromenone derivatives by a palladium-catalyzed carbonylative four-component reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A palladium-catalyzed reductive carbonylation of aryl iodides with formic acid as the formyl source is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catalyzed by in situ generated manganese nanoparticles the Sonogashira coupling affords a variety of diarylacetylenes in moderate to good yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents chemical equations related to the article "Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative C-H Activation of Arenes with Norbornene as the Coupling Partner" by and others, published in the "Journal of Organometallic Chemistry" in 2016.

The article presents chemical equations for the article "Convenient Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Synthesis of Caprolactam and Butyrolactam Derived Phthalimides and Amides by Using DBU and DBN as the Nitrogen Source" by authors, published in the periodical "Tetrahedron Letters" in 2015.

The first transformation of triazenes into sulfonamides catalyzed by boron trifluoride etherate or copper chloride is described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A general and convenient borylation reaction of aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborate salts with B 2 pin 2 has been developed. In this catalytic system, no catalyst, additional ligands or additives were required. The reaction proceeded smoothly in an aqueous solution, and a variety of arylboronates were isolated in moderate to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]