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Abstract: Vapor phase nitration of toluene by using CuFe0.8Al1.2O4 as a catalyst was studied by varying strength of nitric acid (10–69%) as a nitrating agent. Water vapor generated during the reaction acts as a diluent for the exothermic process. Varying the reaction temperature in the range of 100–200°C revealed that below 125°C lower conversion of toluene to mono-nitro toluene was obtained while above 125°C dinitro and oxidation byproducts were obtained. The maximum conversion of toluene to mono nitro toluene was 58% with 77% selectivity towards para nitro toluene. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The catalysts NiCo2O4 were prepared by co-precipitation and surfactant approach. These catalysts were characterized by crystal size, BET surface area, pore volume, average pore size, XRD and SEM. The catalytic activity of co-precipitated NiO, CoO, NiCo2O4 and surfactant-assisted NiCo2O4 was tested for the reduction of 4-Chloro-nitrobenzene using variety of hydrogen donor and basic promoters. The reaction was carried out at different temperatures and catalysts concentrations. Reusability, recyclability of the catalyst and reductions of variety of nitro arenes was also studied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]