1. New insights into the mechanism of dynein motor regulation by lissencephaly-1
- Author
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Markus, Steven M, Marzo, Matthew G, and McKenney, Richard J
- Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Biological Sciences ,Genetics ,Neurosciences ,Brain Disorders ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Generic health relevance ,Neurological ,Animals ,Brain ,Cell Movement ,Dyneins ,Humans ,Lissencephaly ,Microtubule-Associated Proteins ,Models ,Animal ,LIS1 ,biochemistry ,cell biology ,chemical biology ,dynactin ,dynein ,lissencephaly ,neuronal migration ,nuclear migration ,Biological sciences ,Biomedical and clinical sciences ,Health sciences - Abstract
Lissencephaly ('smooth brain') is a severe brain disease associated with numerous symptoms, including cognitive impairment, and shortened lifespan. The main causative gene of this disease - lissencephaly-1 (LIS1) - has been a focus of intense scrutiny since its first identification almost 30 years ago. LIS1 is a critical regulator of the microtubule motor cytoplasmic dynein, which transports numerous cargoes throughout the cell, and is a key effector of nuclear and neuronal transport during brain development. Here, we review the role of LIS1 in cellular dynein function and discuss recent key findings that have revealed a new mechanism by which this molecule influences dynein-mediated transport. In addition to reconciling prior observations with this new model for LIS1 function, we also discuss phylogenetic data that suggest that LIS1 may have coevolved with an autoinhibitory mode of cytoplasmic dynein regulation.
- Published
- 2020