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• A novel CNF/rGO aerogel with supporting column and 2D layered structure was prepared. • CNF/rGO aerogel film with low loading has efficient thermal management performance. • Thermal conductivity of CNF/rGO aerogel with 1 wt.% rGO can reach upto 16.304 W/m K. • The CNF/rGO aerogel film shows potential for emergent energy storage devices. Cellulosic materials are especially suitable for use in flexible electronic products because of their light weight, good tolerance, flexibility, and biodegradability. In this work, cellulose nanofibril/reduced graphene oxide (CNF/rGO) nanocomposites are prepared and the thermal properties of the nanocomposites are analyzed. A supporting column and 2D layered structure porous paper is obtained with CNF/rGO as the heat conduction skeleton, which shows excellent thermal conductivity. The results show that this novel CNF/rGO porous paper has an ultrahigh in-plane thermal conductivity of up to 16.30 W/m K when only 1 wt.% rGO is added in, demonstrating efficient thermal management performance of the CNF-based nanocomposites with low rGO loading. We believe that the development of thermal management techniques using CNFs and rGO for emergent energy storage devices will lead to efficient technologies, further easing our daily lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Potential of cellulose nanofibrils for electronic was highlighted. • Application of cellulose nanofibril-based materials for SCs, LIBs, and solar cells is reviewed. • Challenges of cellulose nanofibril-based energy storage devices were reviewed. In recent years, extensive efforts have been devoted to electronic miniaturization and integration. Accordingly, heating up of electronics has become a critical problem that needs to be urgently solved by efficient and reliable thermal management. Electronic device substrates made of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) exhibit outstanding flexibility, mechanical properties, and optical properties. Combining CNFs with high-thermal-conductivly fillers is an effective thermal management technique. This paper focuses on the thermal management of electronic devices and highlights the potential of CNF-based materials for efficient thermal management of energy storage electronic such as supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries and solar cells. A high-thermal-conductivity composite material for electronic devices can be obtained by combining CNFs as the framework material with carbon nanotubes, graphene, and inorganic nitrides. Moreover, The research progress in the application of CNFs-based materials for supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries and solar cells is highlighted, and the emerging challenges of different CNFs-based energy storage devices are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]