1. Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass: Catalyst Characterization Reveals the Feed-Dependent Deactivation of a Technical ZSM-5-Based Catalyst
- Author
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Luna-Murillo, Beatriz, Pala, Mehmet, Paioni, Alessandra Lucini, Baldus, Marc, Ronsse, Frederik, Prins, Wolter, Bruijnincx, Pieter C.A., Weckhuysen, Bert M., NMR Spectroscopy, Sub Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Sub NMR Spectroscopy, Sub Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, NMR Spectroscopy, Sub Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Sub NMR Spectroscopy, Sub Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, and Organic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Subjects
Agriculture and Food Sciences ,inorganic chemicals ,Catalytic pyrolysis ,Chemistry(all) ,Catalyst deactivation ,General Chemical Engineering ,Alumina ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Biomass ,BIO-OIL ,complex mixtures ,UV/VIS MICROSPECTROSCOPY ,PINE ,Catalysis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Environmental Chemistry ,METHANOL-TO-HYDROCARBONS ,Renewable Energy ,Cellulose ,NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE ,TEMPERATURE ,Spectroscopy ,Sustainability and the Environment ,HZSM-5 ZEOLITE ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,General Chemistry ,Coke ,Zeolite ZSM-5 ,CRACKING ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Yield (chemistry) ,Chemical Engineering(all) ,BTX ,ZSM-5 ,Carbon ,Pyrolysis ,COKE FORMATION - Abstract
Catalyst deactivation due to coking is a major challenge in the catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of biomass. Here, a multitechnique investigation of a technical Al2O3-bound ZSM-5-based extrudate catalyst, used for the CFP of pine wood and cellulose (at a reactor temperature of 500 °C), provided insight into the effects of extrusion, the catalytic pyrolysis process, and catalyst regeneration on the catalyst structure. As a result of a reduction in acidity and surface area due to the coking catalyst, the activity dropped drastically with increasing time-on-stream (TOS), as evidenced by a decrease in aromatics yield. Strikingly, confocal fluorescence microscopy at the single-particle level revealed that vapor components derived from whole biomass or just the cellulose component coke differently. While pine-wood-derived species mainly blocked the external area of the catalyst particle, larger carbon deposits were formed inside the catalyst's micropores with cellulose-derived species. Pyridine FT-IR and solid-state NMR spectroscopy demonstrated irreversible changes after regeneration, likely due to partial dealumination. Taken together with
- Published
- 2021