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An enormous number of specific case studies have been reported that deal with the removal methodologies customarily employed for the reduction of common aqua-soluble pollutants [particularly nitrophenols (NPs) and nitroaniline (NAs)]. However, reviews that not only organize the literature in some presentable form but also work as a guideline for new scholars looking to exploit the field of nanocatalysis are surprisingly non-existent. Here in, an attempt has been made to comprehensively summarize the basic issues along with an insight to specific contributions devoted to NAs and NPs removal by utilizing the nanomaterial of silver. Furthermore, keeping in mind the significance of the surface functionalization of nanomaterial in catalysis, advantages/disadvantages of several entrapment mediums generally adopted for preventing the aggregation of nanomaterial are also summarized. A generalized overview of the various commonly employed removal practices along with its comparison to the catalytic reductive technique is also presented in the study. Finally, remaining unaddressed problems associated with this field and future directions for engineering cost-efficient and effective nanocatalyst assemblies are discussed in the end.

Carboxylate functionalized ligand (LH) was synthesized as a result of reaction between maleic anhydride and 2�aminothiazole. This ligand was further reacted with Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Bi(III) ions to yield respective metal complexes. The structural aspects were studied using FTIR, UV�Visible and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Non-electrolytic behavior was revealed by the conductivity measurements. Except Bi(III) being octahedral, all other complexes prepared are tetrahedral in geometry. Ligand (LH) and its metal complexes were also investigated for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities. All the complexes exhibited significant antibacterial activity but non-significant antifungal activity.

3-(thiazol-2-yl carbamoyl) propanoic acid was synthesized by the reaction of 2-aminothiazole and succinic anhydride, which was employed as ligand (LH) for further reaction with Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Bi(III) chlorides at ambient conditions to afford respective metal complexes, denoted as Co-L2, Ni-L2, Cu-L2, Zn-L2 and Bi-L3. Both the ligand LH and metal complexes were characterized by techniques FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, powder XRD, TGA and conductometry. FT-IR and NMR studies revealed that ligand (LH) behaved in anisobidentate fashion via carboxylate moiety. The ligand and metal complexes are also screened for their antibacterial and antifungal potential and found non-significant activities by most of the complexes, luminescent studies were also made and found Bi-L3 appreciably luminescent.

In this work, removal of fluorescein and eosin dyes using common agrowaste, i.e., peels of water melon (Citrullus lanatus) (WMP), has been studied in the batch mode. The sorbent material (WMP) was characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and elemental analysis. The sorbent was chemically modified by subjecting it to 0.1 N HNO3 and 0.1 N NaOH solutions. Different parameters such as sorbent dose, pH, temperature, and agitation speed were optimized to investigate the sorbent efficiency for fluorescein and eosin dyes. Among three forms (raw, base-treated, and acid-treated), the base-treated form exhibited higher removal efficiency, followed by acid-treated and then the raw form. Generally, range for the removal of fluorescein and eosin was found to be 48.06–88.08% and 48.47–79.31%, respectively. Mathematical modeling of sorption data by Langmuir and Freundlich sorption isotherms and thermodynamic investigations were carried out to check the suitability of these agrowaste materials on bulk scale. The promising results concluded that peel of water melon (common agrowaste) can be potentially utilized for the removal of toxins.

Piroxicam [4-hydroxy-2-methyl-N-2-(pyridyl)-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide 1,1-dioxide] is an effective antiinflammatory analgesic drug. In the present work, piroxicam has been chemically modified into its bismuth complex by reacting it with bismuth nitrate at ambient conditions and optimized stoichiometric ratio. The synthesis of the complex has been monitored by TLC and characterized well by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), UV-Vis, ICP, TGA, XRD and SEM. The luminescent behavior of this complex has also been studied which determined its photoluminescent property.