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In this paper, the fly ash cenosphere was coated evenly on the surface with Ni–P alloy in chemical plating method. The coated cenosphere was used for coating as filler, and its heat insulation performance and absorbing performance was tested. The results show that the cenosphere chemical nickel plating material complex dielectric constant is bigger than complex permittivity in both real part and imaginary part. The imaginary part of complex permeability is close to zero, which means it belongs to the electromagnetic loss type materials. e″ appeared the maximum 20·3 when the frequency is 4 GHz. We tested the cenosphere heat insulation coating with self-made heat insulation device. The temperature difference between back coating at balance point and the blank sample reached 10°C, indicating obvious heat insulation effect.

In this paper, we produced spinel structure nanometre cobalt blue powder pigment by chemical coprecipitation. We also modified it through element doping and analysed the spinel structure and colouring mechanism of the pigment. We discussed the process conditions of coprecipitation reaction, the influence of doping element and its content on the properties of cobalt blue pigments spectral reflection effect. The morphology and particle size of powders were characterised through scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The doping element type and content have great influence on the spectral curve of the cobalt pigment. High temperature in sintering contributes to the performance of the products. The sample produced at 1250°C sintering possesses good reflection characteristics, which is similar to chlorophyll.

The use of nanoparticles on thin-film solar cells is an effective way to enhance optical absorption. A simulation is presented of a three-dimensional array of cylindrical Ag nanoparticles on the surface of a solar cell, which has been proved very efficient to enhance the optical absorption of the silicon substrate by utilizing localized surface plasmons. The enhancement ratio has been simulated with respect to nanoparticle radius and height as well as crystalline silicon substrate thickness and is discussed in detail. The absorption enhancements were found to exhibit a damping oscillation when only height or thickness of the cylindrical nanoparticle were varied. Even without intentional optimization, an enhancement factor of 1.283 for a silicon substrate with a thickness of 500 nm was still achieved in our simulations. A further optimized structure has the potential to attain a higher factor.

Radiation polymerization of N-vinylcarbaozle (VCz), in benzene solutions, in vacuum or nitrogen-bubbled at different concentrations was carried out by 60Co γ-ray radiation at a dose rate of 10.5 kGy/h. Unlike other vinyl compounds, VCz polymerizes at a higher radiation dosage; however, the side groups of carbazole are not eliminated from their sites. Gel permeation chromatography was used to characterize molecular weight and distribution. Oxidation was found only when polymerization was conducted using nitrogen-bubbled solutions at lower concentration of VCz. The optimization to polymerize VCz was obtained based on the dependence of polymer yield on radiation dosage. Single layer electroluminescent device based on commercially radically polymerized poly(N-vinylcarbazole) shows inferiority in luminance and efficiency, due to electronic traps resulted from heterogeneous end groups, when compared with that based on radiation-polymerized PVCz free of heterogeneous end groups. The effect of the different end groups may be confirmed by the divergent morphology when PVCz thin films were annealed above glass transition temperature (Tg).

The pure rotational spectrum of NaCH3 and NaCD3 in their X 1 A 1 states has been recorded using millimeter/sub-mm direct absorption techniques in the 300–510 GHz range. This work is the first gas-phase detection of sodium monomethyl, which was created by the reaction of sodium vapor with tetramethyl tin. Ten rotational transitions were measured for NaCH3 for the K=0 through K=5 components and, in select cases, up to K=10, and four transitions (K=0–7) for NaCD3. Rotational constants have been accurately determined for both isotopomers, suggesting a sodium–carbon bond length of 2.30 A and an H–C–H bond angle of 107.3°.

Pure rotational spectroscopy of the FeCl radical (X6Δi) has been carried out using millimeter/sub-millimeter direct absorption techniques. The species was created by the reaction of chlorine with iron vapor. All six spin-orbit components were observed in the majority of the twenty-one rotational transition recorded. Chlorine hyperfine structure was resolved in the Ω = 92 and 72 components, and lambda-type doubling observed in the Ω = 3212, and −12 ladders. The data were analyzed with a 6Δ Hamiltonian, and rotational, fine structure, lambda-doubling, and hyperfine parameters determined. The hyperfine and lambda-doubling interactions in FeCl appear to be different from those in the FeF radical.

The permanent electric dipole moments of the ground, and the low‐lying excited electronic states of platinum monocarbide, PtC, platinum monoxide, PtO, and platinum monosulfide, PtS, were measured using a molecular beam optical Stark spectroscopic scheme. The determined values were (in Debye): PtO(X 3Σ−) 2.77(2); PtO(A 1Σ+) 1.15(4); PtS[X(Ω=0)] 1.78(2); PtS[B(Ω=0)] 0.54(6); PtC(X 1Σ+) 0.99(5); and PtC(A 1Π) 2.454(3). These results, along with the previous results for PtN(X 2Π1/2) 1.977(9); PtN(d 4Π1/2) 1.05(9) [J. Chem. Phys. 102, 643 (1995)], are used as a basis for a discussion of the nature of the electronic states.

The gaseous products generated in the supersonic coexpansion of laser ablated platinum vapor with methane or acetylene were probed by visible laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy. Both platinum monocarbide, PtC, and an unidentified Pt‐containing polyatomic molecule were detected. The intense (0,0)A’ 1Π→X 1Σ+ (T00=13 196.13 cm−1) and (0,0)A 1Π→X 1Σ+ (T00=18 510.71 cm−1) band systems of PtC were recorded at a resolution of ∼0.001 cm−1. The magnetic hyperfine splitting exhibited in the spectral features of the 195PtC isotopomer was analyzed and indicates that the A’ 1Π and A 1Π states arise primarily from a...σ1π1 and a...δ3π1 configurations, respectively.

Numerous band systems in the visible spectral region of a supersonic molecular beam sample were detected using medium-resolution laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. Three of the intense band systems were recorded at high resolution and rotationally analyzed. Pure rotational transitions in the ground state of 194 PtS, 195 PtS, and 196 PtS were recorded using the pump/probe microwave optical double-resonance technique. Spectroscopic constants for the ground and three low-lying excited vibronic states have been derived.

Numerous band systems in the visible spectral region of a supersonic molecular beam sample were detected using medium-resolution laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. Three of the intense band systems were recorded at high resolution and rotationally analyzed. Pure rotational transitions in the ground state of 194 PtS, 195 PtS, and 196 PtS were recorded using the pump/probe microwave optical double-resonance technique. Spectroscopic constants for the ground and three low-lying excited vibronic states have been derived.

Sodium monoacetylide has been observed in the laboratory for the first time using millimeter/submillimeter direct absorption techniques. The species was produced by the reaction of sodium vapor and acetylene under DC discharge conditions. Nineteen rotational transitions of NaCCH in its X1Σ ground state and 14 lines of the deuterium isotopomer NaCCD were recorded in the range 270-510 GHz. From these data, highly accurate rotational constants were determined. The detection of NaCN and NaCl in the envelope of the evolved carbon star IRC +10216 suggests that other sodium-bearing species may be present in this object.

The hepatitis C virus RNA polymerase (NS5B) is strictly required for viral replication and thus represents an attractive target for antiviral drug development. In this study, stable HeLa cell lines with an integrated NS5B gene were selected by G418 and then confirmed by genome PCR. Subsequently, transcription and expression of the integrated NS5B genes were demonstrated by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Further analysis demonstrated enzymatic activity of the expressed NS5B polymerase. The stable HeLa cell lines should be useful for the identification of NS5B inhibitors and for studying the mechanisms of HCV replication.

Titanium silicide films cosputtered on a polycrystalline silicon layer over a thermally oxidized silicon wafer were rapidly annealed at various temperatures and times using a graphite strip heater. Sheet resistances comparable with those of furnace annealed samples were obtained using 45‐sec anneals at 1000–1200 °C. X‐ray diffraction revealed only the formation of a TiSi2 phase, but Rutherford backscattering showed that the amount of excess silicon beyond stoichiometric TiSi2 increased with increasing anneal temperature. Significant increases in the infrared reflectivity spectrum were observed upon annealing which suggests that front side annealing may result in better thermal uniformity across a wafer.

Three MOS gate structures; polysilicon, tungsten silicide and tungsten polycide, were fabricated and their workfunctions measured with the high frequency C-V technique. The work functions were 4.14 ev and 4.82 ev for phosphorus doped polysilicon and silicon-rich tungsten silicide, respectively. The tungsten polycide structure, however, showed a variance between 4.14 ev and 4.38 ev for different experiments. The polycide MOS device threshold was about 0.15 volt higher than that of polysilicon. Phosphorus out-diffusion and tungsten diffusion along polysilicon grain boundaries were postulated to explain this phenomenon.

Sheet resistance and Hall effect measurements were made on graphite strip isothermally annealed antimony implanted (100) and (111) silicon. Although the (111) silicon annealed at lower temperatures, the (100) silicon achieved a lower sheet resistance (∼40 Ω/⧠ for a 3.8×1015 cm−3 dose) due to a greater activated carrier surface density. Supersaturated solid solutions were observed for both surfaces. At high active carrier concentrations (≳1×1020 cm−3), the rapid decrease of mobility with increasing carrier concentration is attributed to ionized impurity scattering.

The electrical transport properties of cosputtered tungsten silicide films were investigated. The microstructure of the annealed film was determined by x‐ray diffraction. Both resistivity and Hall coefficients for the WSi2 films were measured in the temperature range 80–300 K. The current carriers in tungsten disilicide were found to be positive holes. The carrier concentration determined from this experiment is ∼1×1022 cm−3 which does not change with either annealing process or measuring temperature. The resistivity of the WSi2 film in the measured temperature range increases approximately linearly with temperature. The carrier mobility and its temperature dependence were also studied.

Silicon‐poor tantalum silicide films cosputtered on polycrystalline silicon over thermal oxide on silicon were rapidly annealed for various temperatures and times using a graphite strip heater. Rutherford backscattering and x‐ray diffraction showed rapid formation of a stoichiometric tantalum disilicide via Si diffusion from the polycrystalline Si. This was accompanied by significant grain growth and a reduction in resistivity. Sheet resistances comparable with those of furnace‐annealed samples were obtained.