23 results on '"Farina, Vittorio"'
Search Results
2. Synthesis and biological evaluation of C-13 amide-linked paclitaxel (Taxol) analogs
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Chen, Shu-Hui, Farina, Vittorio, Vyas, Dolatrai M., Doyle, Terrence W., Long, Byron H., and Fairchild, Craig
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Tubulins -- Research ,Amides -- Research ,Structure-activity relationship (Pharmacology) -- Methods ,Organic compounds -- Synthesis ,Serum -- Research ,Biological assay -- Methods ,Biological sciences ,Chemistry - Abstract
A new series of C-13 amido-containing paclitaxel analogs were accidentally synthesized during structure-activity relationship tests of paclitaxel (Taxol), an antitumor drug from Bristol-Myers Squibb. The analogs included 4-deacetyl-13-amidopaclitaxel, 13-amidopaclitaxel 4-(methyl carborate) derivatives, and 13-amidopaclitaxel. Biological profiling assays, in tubulin polymerization and in vitro cytoxicity assay against a human colon cancer cell line, determined the nonreactivity of the analogs.
- Published
- 1996
3. On the nature of the 'copper effect' in the Stille cross-coupling
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Farina, Vittorio, Kapadia, Suresh, Krishnan, Bala, Wang, Chenjie, and Liebeskind, Lanny S.
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Organic compounds -- Research ,Catalysis -- Analysis ,Copper -- Reactivity ,Biological sciences ,Chemistry - Abstract
Kinetic studies of the influence of added Cu(I) on the kinetics of a typical Stille coupling show that cocatalytic Cu(I) salts increase the rate by 100 times for reactions with triphenylphosphine as Pd ligand, in comparison with normal Stille conditions. Cu(I) exhibits little influence on the rate of reactions using a soft ligand such as triphenylarsine. NMR experiments suggest a dual mechanistic role for cocatalytic copper in Stille cross-coupling reactions. Cu(I) scavenges the strong ligands, inhibiting rate-limiting transmetalation. In the absence of strong ligands, Cu(I) reacts with unsaturated stannanes to produce an organocopper species that transmetalates to Pd(II).
- Published
- 1994
4. A novel approach to cephalosporins from allenylazetidinones: a new cyclization strategy via tandem cuprate addition - sulfenyltion
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Kant, Joydeep, Roth, Jeanine A., Fuller, Carl E., Walker, Donald G., Benigni, Daniel A., and Farina, Vittorio
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Beta lactam antibiotics -- Research ,Chemical reactions -- Analysis ,Biological sciences ,Chemistry - Abstract
Synthesis of 3-substituted cephems involves preparation of allenylazetidinones from penicillin sulfoxide and organocuprate addition at low temperature. 1,4-conjugate addition of organocuprate to central allenic carbon of allenylazetidinone yields a new carbon-carbon bond, and a subsequent intramolecular sulfenylation step causes ring closure. This method helps prepare various 3-substituted cephems, some important antibiotics and 3-norcephalosporins.
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- 1994
5. The chemistry of taxanes: skeletal rearrangements of baccatin derivatives via radical intermediates
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Chen, Shu-Hui, Huang, Stella, Gao, Qi, Golik, Jerzy, and Farina, Vittorio
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Aromatic compounds ,Ring formation (Chemistry) -- Analysis ,X-ray crystallography -- Analysis ,Biological sciences ,Chemistry - Abstract
A synthetic program for systematic radical-based deoxygenation of baccatin III intermediates at various core positions determines the binding contribution of groups at the tubulin active site. The results reveal the presence of several intramolecular radical rearrangements and the C-11/C-12 double taxane bond is the best radical trap. X-ray studies characterize the structures of ring-rearranged reaction products.
- Published
- 1994
6. Palladium-catalyzed coupling of arylstannanes with organic sulfonates: a comprehensive study
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Farina, Vittorio, Krishnan, Bala, Marshall, Daniel R., and Roth, Gregory P.
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Palladium catalysts -- Observations ,Olefins -- Research ,Ligands -- Analysis ,Biological sciences ,Chemistry - Abstract
Electrophiles and olefic stannanes exhibit palladium pairing between them, which reveals ligand influences in the prominent arylstannane group. This allows the pairing of vinyl-aryl and aryl-aryl to occur at room temperature for uninhibited stannanes with huge triflates, subject to the absence of ligands. Triphenylarsine is employed as the optimum ligand with the origin of Pd-(O), Pad2dba3. The alkyl translocation interaction is likely to be an important side reaction, with aryltins containing replaced ortho and stannanes revealing a homocoupling interaction.
- Published
- 1993
7. First syntheses of novel paclitaxel(taxol) analogs modified at the C4-position
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Chen, Shu-Hui, Kadow, John F., Farina, Vittorio, Fairchild, Craig R., and Johnston, Kathy A.
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Antimitotic agents -- Research ,Organic compounds -- Synthesis ,Biological sciences ,Chemistry - Abstract
A new regiospecific method enables the synthesis of novel paclitaxel(Taxol) analogs modified at the C4-position and the preparation of C-4 cyclopropyl ester and the C-4 benzoate of paclitaxel. An in vitro cytotoxicity assay against a human lung carcinoma cell line shows that the C4-cyclo-propyl paclitaxel analog is more potent than paclitaxel, while the C4-benzoate analog exhibits reduced toxicity.
- Published
- 1994
8. Efficient large-scale synthesis of BILN 2061, a potent HCV protease inhibitor, by a convergent approach based on ring-closing metathesis
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Yee, Nathan K., Samstag, Wendelin, Farina, Vittorio, Brenner, Michael, Winter Eric, Kreye, Paul, Houpis, Ioannis N., Spinelli, Earl M., Johnson, Michael, Donsbach, Kai, Nicola, Thomas, Haddad, Nizar, Smith-Keenan, Lana L., Vitous, Jana, Ridges, Micahel D., Li Zhang, Yibo Xu, Tan, Jonathan, and Jinghua Xu
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Chemical synthesis -- Analysis ,Hepatitis C virus -- Research ,Protease inhibitors -- Research ,Biological sciences ,Chemistry - Abstract
A multistep scalable synthesis of a potent hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease inhibitor BILN 2061 is described. The synthesis is highly convergent and consists of two amide bond formations, one etherification, and one ring-closing metathesis (RCM) step, using readily available building blocks.
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- 2006
9. Asymmetric synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients
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Farina, Vittorio, Reeves, Jonathan T., Senanayake, Chris H., and Song, Jinhua J.
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Stoichiometry -- Research ,Chemical reaction, Rate of -- Research ,Carbon compounds -- Chemical properties ,Chemistry - Abstract
A wide range of stereoselective synthetic methods are used in the large-scale asymmetric synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Asymmetric catalysis, particularly asymmetric C-C bond-forming and dynamic kinetic resolution approaches are being incorporated into the large-scale synthesis of APIs because they are intrinsically more efficient than may stoichiometric protocols.
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- 2006
10. Convergent synthesis of the quinolone substructure of BILN 2061 via carbonylative sonogashira coupling/cyclization
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Haddad, Nizar, Tan, Jonathan, and Farina, Vittorio
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Spin coupling -- Research ,Quinolones -- Chemical properties ,Ring formation (Chemistry) -- Research ,Biological sciences ,Chemistry - Abstract
A convergent synthesis of quinolone, key substructure of the protease inhibitor BILN 2061 was developed through palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of 2-iodo-5-methoxy-aniline with thiazolylacetylene. Palladium-catalyzed carbonylative sonogashira/cyclization of iodoanilines and iodophenols with terminal acetylenes were reported to provide selective formation of quinolones and chromones, respectively, in high yields.
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- 2006
11. Practical synthesis of unsymmetrical ureas from isopropenyl carbamates
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Gallou, Isabelle, Eriksson, Magnus, Xingzhong Zeng, Senanyake, Chris, and Farina, Vittorio
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Carbamates -- Structure ,Carbamates -- Chemical properties ,High performance liquid chromatography -- Analysis ,Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy -- Analysis ,Biological sciences ,Chemistry - Abstract
A convenient method for the synthesis of unsymmetrical ureas, based on isopropenyl carbamates, is described in a study. Isopropenyl carbamates react with amines cleanly and irreversibly and give unsymmetrical ureas in high yield and purity.
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- 2005
12. Synthesis of 7-deoxy- and 7,10-dideoxytaxol via radical intermediates
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Shu-Hui Chen, Huang, Stella, Kant, Joydeep, Fairchild, Craig, Jianmei Wei, and Farina, Vittorio
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Acetates -- Analysis ,Radioligand assay -- Research ,Antineoplastic agents -- Research ,Biological sciences ,Chemistry - Abstract
Receptor binding is independent of the acetate group at C-10 of taxol, the anticancer agent. A deoxygenated taxol analog and its congener, 7-deoxytaxol and 7,10-dideoxytaxol, are prepared and characterized. Antitumor activity does not require the presence of the C-7 hydroxyl group. Xanthane in one of its various forms is produced in small quantities when carbondisulfide and sodium hydride in THF are added to baccatin. Hydrocarbon solvents are ineffective in dissolving the xanthane compound, which is deoxygenated after silylation at C-13.
- Published
- 1993
13. Serendipitous synthesis of a cyclopropane-containing taxol analog via anchimeric participation of an unactivated angular methyl group
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Shu-Hui Chen, Huang, Stella, Jianmei Wei, and Farina, Vittorio
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Propane ,Biological sciences ,Chemistry - Abstract
An unforseen reaction which included the involvement of the C-19 methyl groups and the clean formation of a cyclopropane ring, resulted from the treatment of a 7-epi taxol derivative with DAST in dichloromethane. This formation could be the result of the C19 methyl group, which acutely impedes SN2 reaction by fluoride in 5. C19 involvement is facilitated by the methyl group, which is antiperiplanar to the departing leaving group at C7.
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- 1993
14. Taxol structure-activity relationships: synthesis and biological evaluation of 10-deoxytaxol
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Chen, Shu-Hui, Fairchild, Craig, Mamber, Stephen W., and Farina, Vittorio
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Aromatic compounds ,Palladium catalysts -- Usage ,Diterpenes -- Research ,Biological sciences ,Chemistry - Abstract
The synthesis and biological evaluation of 10-deoxytaxol is described. Taxols are promising anticancer agents and are isolated only in limited amounts. The procedure yields good amounts of 10-deoxytaxol. Biological evaluation by spectrophotometric and standard cytotoxicity assays showed ability to polymerize tubulin at a rate faster than taxol. However, cytotoxicity was slightly diminished in some taxanes. This suggested that modifications in structure could lead to modifications in biological activity.
- Published
- 1993
15. NUTRITIONAL AND HORMONAL FACTORS AFFECTING FRUIT SET IN AVOCADO (Persea americana Mill.)
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Antonio D'Asaro, Agustí Fonfría, Manuel, FARINA, VITTORIO, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Producción Vegetal - Departament de Producció Vegetal, D'Asaro, A., FARINA, Vittorio, and GERMANA', Maria
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Persea ,Aguacate ,cuajado ,carbohidratos ,abscisión ,Paclobutrazol ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Abscission ,Anthesis ,Auxin ,Gibberellic acid ,FRUIT SET, carbohydrate, physiological abscission, competition, hormonal content ,Panicle ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,dicogamia ,food and beverages ,hormonas ,biology.organism_classification ,Settore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni Arboree ,Horticulture ,chemistry ,Shoot ,frutos ,competencia - Abstract
Under favourable conditions, the avocado sets more fruits than the tree is able to bring to maturity, so that the plant adjusts, during the early stages of development, its ability to nourish them by modifying their number, that is, causing the fruit drop of those who can not maintain their growth rate. Accordingly, carbohydrate availability could be a key factor in the physiological abscission of these fruits. Since this species presents dichogamy, the abscission of fruits has also been attributed to the absence of pollination, but at the same time it has been related to failures in seed development, embryo abortion, seed coat collapse, and with the effect of an environmental stress, especially by cold or heat.In order to demonstrate if in avocado the competition between flowers is responsible for fruit set and initial development of the fruit, it has been determined the influence of the flowering intensity in the time course of carbohydrate and hormonal content, in the rate of fruits abscission and its evolution, and finally, on percentage of fruits set.For this purpose experiments have been designed in order to: 1) reduce flowering, and with it the competition between flowers, 2) reduce vegetative growth, and 3) promote fruit set.The experiments were carried out in commercial orchards of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) cv. Hass (group A flowering), located in Torrent and Llaurí (Valencia), Spain, and in Caronia Marina (Messina), Italy. Adult trees (5-8 years), planted at a distance of 5 x 6 m. In all of them there were cv. Fuerte (flowering group B) to ensure pollination.The results showed that gibberellic acid applied during the floral bud inductive period delayed sprouting, reduced the number of flowers per panicle, increased apical shoot length, and delayed fruitlet abscission.Gibberellic acid applied at anthesis enhanced fruit set and delayed fruitlet abscission. It correlated with an immediate and temporary increase of GA1, IAA and tZ content. But the GA1 immeditely derived in its catabolite GA8. Since IAA synthesis precedes fruit set and tZ increasing content, the possibility that fertilization triggers the tZ synthesis mediated by auxin cannot be discarded.Gibberellic acid applied at the beginning of fruit set also, temporarily, increased the endogenous concentration of GA1 and GA8, As well as the number of fruits that initiated the development and delayed their abscission.Paclobutrazol applied at anthesis reduced the growth of the terminal shoot y anticipated flowers abscission, but did not affect initial fruit set.In no case it was possible to increase the total number of fruits per panicle, so that the competition between developing organs is not the cause of the lack of fruit set in this species., En condiciones favorables, el aguacate cuaja más frutos de los que el árbol es capaz de llevar a la madurez, de modo que la planta ajusta, durante las primeras fases del desarrollo, su capacidad de nutrirlos modificando su número, esto es, provocando la caída de los que no pueden mantener su tasa de crecimiento. De acuerdo con ello, la disponibilidad de carbohidratos podría ser un factor clave en la abscisión fisiológica de estos frutos. Dado que esta especie presenta dicogamia, la abscisión de frutos también se ha atribuido a la ausencia de polinización, pero al mismo tiempo se ha relacionado con fallos en el desarrollo de la semilla, el aborto del embrión, el colapso de la cubierta seminal, y con el efecto de un estrés ambiental, especialmente por frío o calor.Con el fin de demostrar si en el aguacate la competencia entre flores es responsable del cuajado y desarrollo inicial del fruto, se ha determinado la influencia que la intensidad de floración tiene en la evolución del contenido en carbohidratos y hormonas, en la tasa de abscisión de frutos y su evolución, y, finalmente, sobre porcentaje de frutos cuajados. Para ello se han diseñado experimentos para 1) reducir la floración, y con ello la competencia entre flores, 2) reducir el desarrollo vegetativo, y 3) promover el cuajado de frutos.Los experimentos se llevaron a cabo en huertos comerciales de aguacate cv. Hass (grupo A de floración), localizados en Torrent y Llaurí (Valencia), España, y en Caronia Marina, Messina, Italia. Se utilizaron árboles adultos (5-8 años de edad), plantados a una distancia de 5 x 6 m. En todos ellos había árboles del cv. Fuerte (grupo B de floración) para asegurar la polinización.Los resultados demuestran que la aplicación de ácido giberélico durante la inducción floral retrasó la brotación, redujo el número de flores por panícula, aumentó la longitud del brote desarrollado a partir de la yema terminal de la panícula, y retrasó la abscisión fisiológica de frutos.Su aplicación en antesis promovió el cuajado de frutos y retrasó su abscisión. Ello se corresponde con un aumento inmediato y temporal de la síntesis endógena de GA1, IAA y tZ. Pero la GA1 derivó inmediatamente en su catabolito GA8. Puesto que la síntesis de IAA precedió al cuajado y al contenido creciente de tZ, la posibilidad de que la fecundación desencadene la síntesis de tZ mediada por la auxina no puede ser descartada.La aplicación de ácido giberélico al inicio del cuajado también aumentó, temporalmente, la concentración endógena de GA1 y GA8, así como el número de frutos que iniciaron el desarrollo, y retrasó su abscisión.La aplicación de paclobutrazol en antesis redujo el crecimiento del brote terminal y anticipó la abscisión de las flores, pero no afectó el cuajado inicial.En ningún caso se consiguió aumentar el número total de frutos por panícula, de modo que la competencia entre órganos en desarrollo no es la causa de la falta de cuajado en esta especie., En condicions favorables, l'alvocat qualla més fruits dels que l'arbre és capaç de portar a la maduresa, de manera que la planta s'ajusta, durant les primeres fases del desenvolupament, la capacitat de nodrir-modificant el nombre, és a dir, provocant la caiguda dels que no poden mantenir la seva taxa de creixement. D'acord amb això, la disponibilitat de carbohidrats podria ser un factor clau en la abscisió fisiològica d'aquests fruits. Atès que aquesta espècie presenta dicogàmia, la abscisió de fruits també s'ha atribuït a l'absència de pol·linització, però al mateix temps s'ha relacionat amb errors en el desenvolupament de la llavor, l'avortament de l'embrió, el col·lapse de la coberta seminal, i amb l'efecte d'un estrès ambiental, especialment per fred o calor.Per tal de demostrar si en l'alvocat la competència entre flors és responsable del quallat i desenvolupament inicial del fruit, s'ha determinat la influència que la intensitat de floració té en l'evolució del contingut en carbohidrats i hormones, en la taxa d'abscisió de fruits i la seva evolució, i, finalment, sobre percentatge de fruits quallats. Per això s'han dissenyat experiments per a 1) reduir la floració, i amb això la competència entre flors, 2) reduir el desenvolupament vegetatiu, i 3) promoure el quallat de fruits.Els experiments es van dur a terme en horts comercials d'alvocat cv. Hass (grup A de floració), localitzats a Torrent i Llaurí (València), Espanya, i en Caronia Marina, Messina, Itàlia. Es van utilitzar arbres adults (5-8 anys d'edat), plantats a una distància de 5 x 6 m. En tots ells hi havia arbres del cv. Fort (grup B de floració) per assegurar la pol·linització.Els resultats demostren que l'aplicació d'àcid giberèlic durant la inducció floral retardar la brotada, va reduir el nombre de flors per panícula, va augmentar la longitud del brot desenvolupat a partir del rovell terminal de la panícula, i va retardar la abscissió fisiològica de fruits.La seva aplicació en antesi va promoure el quallat de fruits i va retardar la seva abscisió. Això es correspon amb un augment immediat i temporal de la síntesi endògena de GA1, IAA i tZ. Però la GA1 va derivar immediatament en el seu catabolit GA8. Ja que la síntesi de IAA va precedir al quallat i al contingut creixent de tZ, la possibilitat que la fecundació desencadeni la síntesi de tZ intervinguda per l'auxina no pot ser descartada.L'aplicació d'àcid giberèlic a l'inici del quallat també va augmentar, temporalment, la concentració endògena de GA1 i GA8, així com el nombre de fruits que van iniciar el desenvolupament, i va retardar la seva abscisió.L'aplicació de paclobutrazol en antesi va reduir el creixement del brot terminal i va anticipar la abscisió de les flors, però no va afectar el quallat inicial.En cap cas es va aconseguir augmentar el nombre total de fruits per panícula, de manera que la competència entre òrgans en desenvolupament no és la causa de la manca de quallat en aquesta espècie., D'asaro, A. (2017). NUTRITIONAL AND HORMONAL FACTORS AFFECTING FRUIT SET IN AVOCADO (Persea americana Mill.) [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. doi:10.4995/Thesis/10251/79875., TESIS
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Effect of Different Modified Atmosphere Packaging on the Quality of Mulberry Fruit (Morus alba L. cv Kokuso 21)
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Paolo Inglese, Ilenia Tinebra, Giuseppe Sortino, Vittorio Farina, S. Fretto, Tinebra, Ilenia, Sortino, Giuseppe, Inglese, Paolo, Fretto, Silvia, and Farina, Vittorio
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0106 biological sciences ,Article Subject ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Chemistry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Sensory profile ,TP368-456 ,Gas mixing ,01 natural sciences ,Food processing and manufacture ,040501 horticulture ,Settore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni Arboree ,Horticulture ,Modified atmosphere ,TX341-641 ,Fruit juice ,0405 other agricultural sciences ,Flavor ,MAP, small fruit, postharvest physiology ,Research Article ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Food Science - Abstract
The control of temperature and gas composition is essential to maintain the fresh flavor and quality of perishable fruits like mulberry. This study presented a modified atmosphere experiment (MAP) for fresh fruit showing the potential benefits of innovative gas mixing with argon. The effects of MAP were studied on the physicochemical and qualitative attributes of mulberry preserved at4±1°C and90±5%R.H. Fresh mulberries were packaged with different gas combinations: MAP1 (4%O2+6%CO2+90%N2), MAP2 (10%O2+5%CO2+85%Ar), CTR1 (20.9%O2+0.04%CO2), and CTR2 (10%O2+5%CO2+85%N2). Changes in quality parameters were evaluated after 0, 4, 8, and 12 days of storage. Mulberries packaged with MAP had a lower weight loss than CTR samples which lost more than 80% of their initial weight. Furthermore, the results showed that the argon treatment was the best in keeping the fruit juice content, preserving its structure. Despite not showing great differences with MAP1 treatment, Ar allowed to maintain high TSS up to 8 storage days, slowed CO2 production. The sensory profile of mulberry fruit was not significantly affected by storage in modified atmospheres, and the production of potential unpleasant odors in MAP2 could not be perceived. The results of this study confirm that this innovative approach, using MAP technology, has a potential use in maintaining mulberry fruit quality for a longer time.
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- 2021
17. Evolution of Carotenoid Content, Antioxidant Activity and Volatiles Compounds in Dried Mango Fruits (Mangifera Indica L.)
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Gianfranco Panfili, Carla Gentile, Giuseppina Adiletta, Luciano Cinquanta, Onofrio Corona, Vittorio Farina, Serena Niro, Marisa Di Matteo, Alessandra Fratianni, Fratianni, Alessandra, Adiletta, Giuseppina, Di Matteo, Marisa, Panfili, Gianfranco, Niro, Serena, Gentile, Carla, Farina, Vittorio, Cinquanta, Luciano, and Corona, Onofrio
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Health (social science) ,Antioxidant ,mango ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Organoleptic ,Dry basis ,antioxidant activity ,Plant Science ,macromolecular substances ,lcsh:Chemical technology ,Health Professions (miscellaneous) ,Microbiology ,Sensory analysis ,Article ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine ,polycyclic compounds ,Mangifera ,lcsh:TP1-1185 ,Phenols ,Cultivar ,drying ,volatile compounds ,Carotenoid ,mango, drying, carotenoids, antioxidant activity, volatile compounds ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Antioxidant activity ,Carotenoids ,Drying ,Mango ,Volatile compounds ,organic chemicals ,carotenoids ,food and beverages ,Settore AGR/15 - Scienze E Tecnologie Alimentari ,biological factors ,Settore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni Arboree ,Horticulture ,chemistry ,Food Science - Abstract
The aim of this research was to study the evolution of carotenoid compounds, antioxidant &beta, ctivity, volatiles and sensory quality in two mango cultivars dried at 50, 60 and 70 °, C. Total carotenoids in fresh samples were about 12 and 6 mg/100 g (dry basis) in Keitt and Osteen samples, respectively. &beta, carotene was the main carotenoid, representing about 50% of total carotenoids. In both cultivars, carotenoids were more susceptible to drying at 60 °, C. Total phenols and metal reduction activity were higher in Osteen than in Keitt, which had higher values in radical scavenging capacity. The antioxidant activities were best preserved with drying temperatures at 50 °, C in Keitt and 60 °, C in Osteen fruits. Fresh Osteen mango fruits had a volatile compound content of about 37.1, while Keitt of about 5.2 mg/kg (dry basis). All the compounds with odorous impact were significantly reduced after drying. As regards organoleptic characteristics through sensory analysis, Keitt dried mangoes were quite similar to the fresh product, compared to Osteen.
- Published
- 2020
18. Tree-Ripe Mango Fruit: Physicochemical Characterization, Antioxidant Properties and Sensory Profile of Six Mediterranean-Grown Cultivars
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Giuseppe Gianguzzi, Carla Gentile, Agata Mazzaglia, Giuseppe Sortino, Vittorio Farina, Eristanna Palazzolo, Farina, Vittorio, Gentile, Carla, Sortino, Giuseppe, Gianguzzi, Giuseppe, Palazzolo, Eristanna, and Mazzaglia, Agata
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0106 biological sciences ,Vitamin ,Flavour ,Titratable acid ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:Agriculture ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Settore BIO/10 - Biochimica ,sensory profile ,Cultivar ,physicochemical analyses ,Vitamin C ,Chemistry ,Flesh ,fruit quality ,lcsh:S ,Mangifera indica ,physicochemical analyse ,food and beverages ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Ascorbic acid ,Settore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni Arboree ,Horticulture ,Polyphenol ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Some of the key components that contribute to the acceptance of high-quality fresh mangoes by consumers are its flavour, odour, texture and chemical constituents that depend mainly on level of maturity. In the European market, the demand for tree-ripened fruit has increased in recent decades. Nevertheless, the qualitative response and the marketable characteristics of tree-ripened mango fruit grown in the Mediterranean area are not yet studied. Tree-ripened fruits of cv Keitt, Glenn, Osteen, Maya, Kensington Pride and Tommy Atkins were submitted to analytical (fruit weight, transversal diameter, longitudinal diameter, flesh firmness, total soluble solid content, titratable acidity, seed weight, peel weight, percentage of flesh and fibre, ash content, fat content, carbohydrate content, riboflavin, niacin, thiamin, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn contents, ascorbic acid and vitamin A) and sensory evaluations. Significant differences were observed for sensory and physicochemical characteristics in a cultivar-dependent manner. The mango Keitt, in addition to its interesting physicochemical traits, content of protein and vitamin, has a higher sensory appeal. Glenn fruit showed more suitable weight, flesh firmness, soluble solids, vitamin content, total antioxidant activity and total polyphenolics content, Maya had the lowest titratable acidity and the highest soluble solid content, whereas Tommy Atkins revealed preferable ground colour, total antioxidant activity, and vitamin B2 and vitamin C contents. Tree-ripened fruits grown in the Mediterranean climate show interesting peculiarities in regard to fresh market requirements. The analytical-sensory approach established a qualitative characterization of the six observed cultivars.
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- 2020
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19. Extending the Shelf Life of White Peach Fruit with 1-Methylcyclopropene and Aloe arborescens Edible Coating
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Paolo Inglese, Filippo Saletta, Vittorio Farina, Stefano Puccio, Dario Scuderi, Alessio Allegra, Giuseppe Sortino, Sortino, Giuseppe, Saletta, Filippo, Puccio, Stefano, Scuderi, Dario, Allegra, Alessio, Inglese, Paolo, and Farina, Vittorio
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0106 biological sciences ,Prunus persica ,Organoleptic ,Cold storage ,Titratable acid ,Plant Science ,1-Methylcyclopropene ,Shelf life ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Aloe arborescens ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,consumer acceptability ,bio-compound content ,biology ,Chemistry ,Flesh ,food and beverages ,1-methylcycyclopropene ,Ripening ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,post-harvest quality ,lcsh:S1-972 ,040401 food science ,Settore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni Arboree ,Horticulture ,Aloe spp ,edible coating ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Food Science - Abstract
The maintenance of high-quality standards for prolonging the shelf life of fruit and preserving sensory and nutritional quality is a priority for horticultural products. The aim of this work is to test the effectiveness of a single treatment of edible coating based on Aloe arborescens (EC) and a combined treatment of 1-methylcycyclopropene (1-MCP) and edible coating to prolong the shelf life of &ldquo, Settembrina&rdquo, white flesh peach fruit. White flesh peach fruit were harvested at the commercial ripening stage, treated with an edible coating (EC) or 1-MCP + EC or 1-MCP, and stored for 28 days at 1 °, C. After 7, 14, 21, and 28 days, fruits were removed from cold storage, transferred at 20 °, C and then analyzed immediately (cold out) and after 6 days (shelf life) to evaluate the combined effect of cold storage and room temperature. The fruits were tested for carotenoids content, phenolic content, reducing activity (ABTS). The physicochemical traits were measured in terms of the titratable acidity, total soluble content, weight loss, and vitamin C content. Moreover, their sensory profile was analyzed by a semi-trained panel. Fruit treated with EC and 1-MCP + EC kept their marketing values better than control after 14 days of storage and 6 days of simulated shelf life in terms of flesh firmness, total soluble solids and titratable acidity, as well as sensory parameters. After 21 days of storage, all treatments showed a deterioration of all the quality parameters. The single and combined application of Aloe-based coating (with 1-MCP) slowed down the maturation processes of the fruit, limited the weight loss, and preserved its organoleptic characteristics.
- Published
- 2020
20. Postharvest Application of Aloe vera Gel-Based Edible Coating to Improve the Quality and Storage Stability of Fresh-Cut Papaya
- Author
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Roberta Passafiume, G. Gugliuzza, Vittorio Farina, Alessandra Gallotta, Giuseppe Sortino, Filippo Saletta, Dario Scuderi, Ilenia Tinebra, Farina, Vittorio, Passafiume, Roberta, Tinebra, Ilenia, Scuderi, Dario, Saletta, Filippo, Gugliuzza, Giovanni, Gallotta, Alessandra, and Sortino, Giuseppe
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Article Subject ,Titratable acid ,engineering.material ,01 natural sciences ,Aloe vera ,Gel based ,Ready-to-eat, Aloe coating ,Coating ,TX341-641 ,Food science ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,040502 food science ,biology ,Kappa-Carrageenan ,Chemistry ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Ripening ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Antimicrobial ,biology.organism_classification ,Settore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni Arboree ,engineering ,Postharvest ,0405 other agricultural sciences ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Food Science - Abstract
Ready-to-eat products are damaged by various factors, including exposure to O2 and CO2, extreme temperatures, and rapid decay, due to trauma during processing. The use of natural antimicrobial agents and antioxidants might extend the shelf-life of the fruits. The aim of this work is to investigate the effects of four different antibrowning and gelling agents added into the Aloe vera gel-based edible coatings and applied to fresh-cut papaya. EC1 treatment consists of Aloe vera gel (30% v/v), EC2 contains CaCl2 (5% v/v), EC3 contains K carrageenan (0.5% v/v), and EC4 contains sodium alginate (1.5% v/v) and K carrageenan (0.5% v/v). The fruits treated with EC2 showed the best results while maintaining high values in terms of firmness (that differ from the control of 42.5%), soluble solid content (that differ from the control of 14.6%), and titratable acidity (that differ from the control of 49%). Hence, the addition of CaCl2 also reduces the ripening rate and loss of color without altering the product’s sensory qualities. EC3 and EC4 treatments have provided an oxygen barrier and reduced respiratory rate, increasing the firmness retention and keeping a high C∗ value thanks to K carrageenan and sodium alginate.
- Published
- 2020
21. Preparation of 3-substituted-2-pyridin-2-ylindoles: regioselectivity of Larock’s indole annulation with 2-alkynylpyridines
- Author
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Roschangar, Frank, Liu, Jianxiu, Estanove, Emilie, Dufour, Marine, Rodríguez, Sonia, Farina, Vittorio, Hickey, Eugene, Hossain, Azad, Jones, Paul-James, Lee, Heewon, Lu, Bruce Z., Varsolona, Richard, Schröder, Jürgen, Beaulieu, Pierre, Gillard, James, and Senanayake, Chris H.
- Subjects
- *
PYRIDINE , *HETEROCYCLIC compounds , *ELECTRONICS , *CHEMISTRY - Abstract
Abstract: A regioselective Larock approach to 3-substituted-2-pyridin-2-ylindoles from 2-alkynylpyridines and 2-iodoanilines is described herein. The unexpectedly high regioselectivity can be rationalized by a combination of steric, coordinative and electronic effects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Chemical–physical characteristics, polyphenolic content and total antioxidant activity of three Italian-grown pomegranate cultivars
- Author
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Vittorio Farina, Anna Myriam Perrone, Filippo Saletta, Giuseppe Gianguzzi, Roberta Passafiume, Giuseppe Sortino, Carla Gentile, Passafiume, Roberta, Perrone, Anna, Sortino, Giuseppe, Gianguzzi, Giuseppe, Saletta, Filippo, Gentile, Carla, and Farina, Vittorio
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Antioxidant ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Punica granatum, Fruit quality, Antioxidant activity, Phytochemical, Physico-chemical characteristic, Bioactive compound content ,Titratable acid ,lcsh:TX341-641 ,Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Nutraceutical ,Aril ,Settore BIO/10 - Biochimica ,medicine ,Cultivar ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,lcsh:TP368-456 ,food and beverages ,Settore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni Arboree ,Antioxidant capacity ,Horticulture ,lcsh:Food processing and manufacture ,chemistry ,Polyphenol ,Anthocyanin ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Food Science - Abstract
Background: In Mediterranean countries, there is an increasing demand for pomegranate fruits due to their antioxidant properties and nutritional values. The large diffusion of new genotypes and cultivars requires the knowledge of all fruit characteristics in connection with the cultivation area, to satisfy the market demand. This study seeks to determine the fruit quality attributes and nutraceutical values of three pomegranate cultivars (Wonderful, Acco and Kamel) grown in the Mediterranean climate. Methods: The fruits were evaluated for their main physico-chemical traits (weight, volume, height, width, thickness, total arils number, total arils weight, juiciness, fruit index, peel index and total soluble solids content/titratable acidity ratio), bioactive compounds (total phenolic content and total anthocyanin content) and antioxidant activities (radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing power).Results: The data showed that Acco fruit is bigger, juicier and sweeter when compared with the cultivars Wonderful and Kamel. Wonderful is the smallest, least juicy and least sweet but the reddest among all the studied cultivars. Regarding the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity (radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing power), cultivar Wonderful has the highest values and cultivar Acco contains the most anthocyanin content. Conclusions: This study showed that pomegranate cultivars grown in the Mediterranean area exhibit an appreciable quality, but there are significant differences in quality properties of the arils and juice. Keywords: Punica granatum, Fruit quality, Antioxidant activity, Phytochemical, Physico-chemical characteristic, Bioactive compound content
- Published
- 2019
23. Temperature regulating floral bud differentiation in loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.). Hormonal and genetic aspects
- Author
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Ana Luisa, García Lorca, Garcia Lorca, A., FARINA, Vittorio, GERMANA', Maria, FARINA, VITTORIO, Reig Valor, Carmina, and Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Producción Vegetal - Departament de Producció Vegetal
- Subjects
Eriobotrya japonica, floral bud differentiation, gene expression, environmental conditions, EjLFY, EjAP1, EjTFL1, ABA ,EjLFY, EjAP1 ,fungi ,food and beverages ,flower bud differentiation ,Eriobotrya ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Japonica ,environmental conditions ,Settore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni Arboree ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Horticulture ,Rest period ,chemistry ,Eriobotrya japonica ,ABA ,Shoot ,Botany ,gene expression ,EjTFL1 ,Gibberellin ,Leafy ,Abscisic acid ,Sprouting - Abstract
In loquat, apex of a current shoot changes from vegetative to reproductive stage during summer, i.e. under high temperature conditions. Indeed, just before floral bud differentiation, a decline in the growth rate due to high temperature takes place. The aim of this work is to study the role of this 'summer rest period' on the apex transition from vegetative to reproductive stage. For this purpose 1) sprouting of secondary shoots was promoted at different times, removing the main shoot, before, during and after floral bud differentiation occurred and 2) groups of trees were shifted to a greenhouse under average maximum temperature not exceeding 25 ° C during different periods from June to October. Floral bud differentiation was evaluated. LEAFY (LFY), APETALA (AP1), TERMINAL FLOWERING 1 (TFL1) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT1) expression and hormonal content in abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellins (GAs), indoleacetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins (CKs) were analyzed in bud collected during the summer. Results suggest that the date of shoot apex removal determining floral bud differentiation of new shoots, so that the percentage of the new reproductive shoots reduced with the delaying of apex removal. On the other hand, maximum average temperature not exceeding 25 ° C prevented floral bud differentiation. Buds of the trees under indoors conditons displayed lower expression of identity floral genes EjLFY and EjAP1 than buds of trees grown in field. On the contrary, the floral repressor EjTFL1 and EjFT1 gene expressed higher in buds of the trees grown indoors. Time-course of ABA decreased in buds of trees grown in field during studied period while in buds of trees under greenhouse conditions displayed a growing trend. Time-course of GAs, IAA and CKs concentrations did not show remarkable differences between buds of trees growing under field and indoors conditions. Accordingly, 1) secondary shoots emerged from mid- August are unfitness to flower and 2) maximum average tempertature 25±1 °C during the summer prevents floral bud differentiation, enhances ABA biosynthesis, reduces EjLFY and EjAP1 expression and enhance EjTFL1 expression in the apex., El níspero japonés diferencia sus yemas durante el verano, después de un periodo de ralentización del crecimiento vegetativo ligado a las altas temperaturas que se conoce como reposo estival. El objetivo de esta tesis fue estudiar la influencia de la parada estival en la diferenciación floral de esta especie. Para ello se diseñó un experimento en el que se forzó la brotación de brotes anticipados eliminado el ápice principal en diferentes fechas entre julio y septiembre, antes, durante y después de la parada estival. Paralelamente se diseñó otro experimento en el que se cambiaron las condiciones climáticas a grupos de árboles manteniéndolos en un invernadero a una temperatura máxima media de 25 °C durante diferentes periodos de diversa duración. Se evaluó la diferenciación floral y se analizó la expresión de los genes relacionados con la floración LEAFY (LFY), APETALA (AP1), TERMINAL FLOWERING 1 (TFL1) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT1) y el contenido hormonal en ácido abscisico (ABA), giberelinas (GAs), ácido indolácetico (AIA) y citoquininas (CKs) en yemas terminales muestreadas a lo largo del verano. Los resultados indican que la fecha de brotación modifica la diferenciación floral de los brotes anticipados siendo el porcentaje de brotes reproductivos inversamente proporcional a la fecha de eliminación del meristemo. Del mismo modo unas condiciones de temperatura máxima no superior a 25 °C impidieron la diferenciación floral. Las yemas de los árboles que estuvieron bajo dichas condiciones mantuvieron unos niveles de expresión de los genes de identidad floral, EjLFY y EjAP1, mucho menor que la de los árboles en condiciones de campo. Por el contrario, la expresión del represor EjTFL1 y del gen EjFT1 fue mayor en los árboles en invernadero. Por otro lado, el contenido endógeno de ABA descendió en los árboles situados en el campo durante el periodo de estudio mientras que en los árboles situados en el invernadero tuvo una evolución ascendente. Las concentraciones de GAs, AIA y CKs no mostraron prácticamente diferencias entre los ápices de los árboles mantenidos en campo y en invernadero. De acuerdo con ello, 1) los brotes anticipados surgidos a partir de mitad de agosto son incapaces de florecer y 2) la ausencia de altas temperaturas del verano promueve la acumulación de ABA, aumenta la expresión del gen represor (EjTFL1) y reduce la expresión de los genes de identidad floral (EjLFY y EjAP1) en yemas de níspero impidiendo su diferenciación floral., El nispro japonés diferència les seus gemmes durant l'estiu, després d'un període d'alentiment del creixement vegetatiu lligat a les altes temperatures que es coneix com repòs estival. L'objectiu d'aquesta Tesi va ser estudiar la influència de la parada estival en la diferenciació floral d'aquesta espècie. Per a això es va dissenyar un experiment en què es va forçar la aparició dels brots anticipats eliminat l'àpex principal en diferents dates entre juliol i setembre, abans, durant i després de l'aturada estival. Paral·lelament es va dissenyar un altre experiment en què es van canviar les condicions climàtiques a grups d'arbres mantenint-los en un hivernacle a una temperatura màxima mitjana de 25 °C durant diferents períodes de diversa durada. Es va avaluar la diferenciació floral i es va analitzar l'expressió dels gens relacionats amb la floració LEAFY (LFY), APETALA (AP1), TERMINAL FLOWERING 1 (TFL1) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT1) i el contingut hormonal en àcid abscísic (ABA) , gibberel·lines (GAs), àcid indolacètic (AIA) i citoquinines (CKs) en gemmes terminals mostrejades al llarg de l'estiu. Els resultats indiquen que la data de brotació modifica la diferenciació floral dels brots anticipats i el percentatge de brots reproductius es inversament proporcional a la data d'eliminació del meristema. De la mateixa manera unes condicions de temperatura màxima no superior a 25 ° C varen impedir la diferenciació floral. Les gemmes dels arbres que van estar sota aquestes condicions van mantenir uns nivells d'expressió dels gens d'identitat floral, EjLFY i EjAP1, molt menor que la dels arbres en condicions de camp. Per contra, l'expressió del repressor EjTFL1 i del gen EjFT1 va ser més gran en els arbres en hivernacle. D'altra banda, el contingut endogen d'ABA va baixar en els arbres situats al camp durant el període d'estudi mentre que en els arbres situats a l'hivernacle va tenir una evolució ascendent. Les concentracions de GAs, AIA i CKS no van mostrar pràcticament diferències entre els àpexs dels arbres mantinguts en camp i en hivernacle. D'acord amb això, 1) els brots anticipats sorgits a partir de meitat d'agost són incapaços de florir i 2) l'absència d'altes temperatures de l'estiu promou l'acumulació d'ABA, augmenta l'expressió del gen repressor (EjTFL1) i redueix l'expressió dels gens d'identitat floral (EjLFY i EjAP1) en gemmes de nispro del Japó impedint la seva diferenciació floral., García Lorca, AL. (2017). Temperature regulating floral bud differentiation in loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.). Hormonal and genetic aspects [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. doi:10.4995/Thesis/10251/79873., TESIS
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