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An ambipolar compound, 9-(2-(4,5-diphenyl-4 H -1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)phenyl)-9 H -carbazole, is employed as a universal single host for efficient sky-blue (B), green (G), orange–red (R), BG, and white (W) phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs) with an external quantum efficiency (η EQE ) of more than 20%. By integrating B and G emitters into the emitting layer (EML), an efficient BG PhOLED exhibits a maximum current efficiency (η C ) of 81.7 cd/A, power efficiency (η P ) of 73.2 lm/W, and η EQE of 23.1%. Another BG PhOLED exhibits excellent colour stability with a slight shift (Δ x of 0.0006, Δ y of 0.0014) in CIE1931 colour coordinates while its luminance varies from 3.5 to 38360 cd/m 2 . Furthermore, a 1 nm R EML is employed as a probe inserted at three distinct positions to investigate the main recombination zone; the main recombination zone is detected near the interface between B/G EML. At the same time, a W spectrum combines individual R, G, B emission peaks. Besides, a W PhOLED simply comprises of a B and R EML, exhibiting good colour stability (Δ x of 0.0004, Δ y of 0.0023 between 4 and 12 V) and high efficiency (a maximum η C , η P , η EQE of 58.4 cd/A, 50.7 lm/W, 21.9%). In addition, transient electroluminance signals described green emitters have less trapped charges and a longer exciton lifetime which benefit the device lifetime.

Recent evidence suggests that glutamate-induced cytotoxicity contributes to autophagic neuron death and is partially mediated by increased oxidative stress. Salidroside has been demonstrated to have neuroprotective effects in glutamate-induced neuronal damage. The precise mechanism of its regulatory role in neuronal autophagy is, however, poorly understood. This study aimed to probe the effects and mechanisms of salidroside in glutamate-induced autophagy activation in cultured rat cortical neurons. Cell viability assay, Western blotting, coimmunoprecipitation, and small interfering RNA were performed to analyze autophagy activities during glutamate-evoked oxidative injury. We found that salidroside protected neonatal neurons from glutamate-induced apoptotic cell death. Salidroside significantly attenuated the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and expression of Beclin-1, but increased (SQSTM1)/p62 expression under glutamate exposure. Pretreatment with 3-methyladenine (3-MA), an autophagy inhibitor, decreased LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, attenuated glutamate-induced cell injury, and mimicked some of the protective effects of salidroside against glutamate-induced cell injury. Molecular analysis demonstrated that salidroside inhibited cortical neuron autophagy in response to glutamate exposure through p53 signaling by increasing the accumulation of cytoplasmic p53. Salidroside inhibited the glutamate-induced dissociation of the Bcl-2-Beclin-1 complex with minor affects on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. These data demonstrate that the inhibition of autophagy could be responsible for the neuroprotective effects of salidroside on glutamate-induced neuronal injury.

The novel ambipolar hosts of o-CbzBz and o-DiCbzBz contain carbazole and benzimidazole through an ortho-connection. The orthogonal conformations cause the triplet state to be confined at the carbazole units to secure efficient energy transfer. The phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs) show a high current efficiency, power efficiency, and low efficiency roll-off. o-DiCbzBz can be used as a host for sky-blue, green, and orange-red PhOLEDs, giving 57.5, 78.4, and 60.3 cd/A, respectively.

The coagulation/iron chipping micro-electrolysis process was used to treat drilling wastewater .A new method of the depth removal of CODCr in wastewater from petroleum drilling was put forward. The effects on the reaction were investigated by single factor tests. The optimal conditions of the treatment are given as follows: weight ratio of iron chipping to reactive carbon 0.5, pH1.0, reaction time 2 hours, normal atmospheric temperature, after reacting the pH in solution being adjusted to be 11 by lime milk. The experimental results showed that following chemical coagulation/micro-electrolysis process, the removal rate of chromaticity is 100%, CODCr could be reduced to less than 150mg/L and the treated wastewater can come to the first and the second discharge standard of state comprehensive discharge criteria GB8978-1996. The analytic result shows that lixivium from solidified sludge cake of per unit operation comply with the second kind of general industrial sold of state standard for pollution control on the storage and disposal site for general industrial sold,GB18599-2001.

The composition of acidizing waste fluid is complicated, its chromaticity is high, the demand of chemical oxygen (CODCr) is high and hard to be degraded by biochemical treatment. That is why it causes serious pollution to the environments. The four process--neutralization/iron chipping micro-electrolysis/oxidation/coagulation were used to treat acidizing waste fluid. A new method of treating acidizing waste fluid with the neutralization/iron chipping micro-electrolysis/oxidation/coagulation was put forward. The optimal conditions of the treatment of single reaction are given. The experimental results showed that if neutralization/iron chipping micro-electrolysis/oxidation/coagulation are used, the removal rate of chromaticity is 100%, the removal rate of CODCr is more than 96%, CODCr could be reduced to less than 150mg/L, and the treated wastewater can come to the second discharge standard allowing to be discharged. The analysis result shows that lixivium from solidified sludge cake of per unit operation comply with the second kind of general industrial sold of state standard for pollution control on the storage and disposal site for general industrial sold,GB18599-2001.

A new organic host material, PCT comprising pyridine, carbazole and triazole moieties, was doped with a blue emitter bis[2-(4,6"difluorophenyl)pyridinato-C2,N](pico]inato)iridium(III) (FIrpic) to be an emitting layer (EML) of a phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes device (PhOLED). With various FIrpic concentration (12%, 15% and 18% by volume ratio) in the EML, a series of high efficiency blue PhOLED was demonstrated showing the external quantum efficiency over 20%.

To establish a rapid and sensitive ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the determination of rivaroxaban, apixaban and edoxaban in rat plasma. The analytes and the internal standard (diazepam) were separated on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 chromatography column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.7 μm) using gradient elution with a mobile phase of acetonitrile and 0.1 % formic acid in water at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. The detection was performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer by multiple reaction monitoring mode to monitor the precursor-to-product ion transitions of m/z 436.1 → 145.1 for rivaroxaban, m/z 460.0 → 443.1 for apixaban, m/z 548.2 → 366.1 for edoxaban and m/z 285.2 → 193.1 for diazepam (IS) using a positive electrospray ionization interface. The method was validated over a concentration range of 1.0-200 ng/mL for rivaroxaban, 1.0-100 ng/mL for apixaban and 1.0-500 ng/mL for edoxaban. Total time for each chromatograph was 3.5 min. The intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy of the quality control samples at low, medium, and high concentration levels exhibited relative standard deviations

Under the conditions of glassy sunlight greenhouse,in this paper the effects of water deficit in varying degrees and irrigation on dry matter accumulation,root activity,water use efficiency(WUE),proline content and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity of maize are studied by carrying out the potted plant experiments.The results reveal that water deficit restricts obviously the plant growth,leaf area expansion and dry matter accumulation of maize,and the restriction degree is closely related to the water deficit degree.After irrigated,the stem height and leaf area of maize are obviously compensated.With the increase of degree of water deficit,the root/crown ratio and the root activity of maize are increased to some extent except that under severe water deficit,water use efficiency is correspondingly is decreased,proline content is remarkably increased,but the superoxide dismutase activity is increased at first,and then decreased.After irrigated,the water use efficiency is higher than that in the contrast plot,and other indexes are all lower except the superoxide dismutase activity is slightly higher than that in the contrast plot.

The structural and binding properties of diatomic molecules CO, NO and O2 to P450 heme were investigated in two different models (labeled as M1 and M2) using density functional method at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level. The effects of the serine residue near diatomic molecules XO were considered in the model M2. The results show that the serine residue near the heme enforced the binding of XO to heme. Frequency analysis indicates that the stretching vibrational frequency decreased as CO, NO, and O2 complex with heme.

The aminolysis and the effect of water on the aminolysis processes of n-methyl β-sultam have been studied using density functional theory (DFT) method at the B3LYP/6-31G* level. The stationary structures and energies have been investigated for both reactions to find two different reaction channels. Specific and general solvent effects have been evaluated and the most favored pathway was found. The presence of solvent disfavors the reaction, whereas the participation of water in the aminolysis reaction plays a positive role and reduces the activation energy greatly. All transition states in the assisted aminolysis are 35–70 kJ/mol lower than those for the non-assisted reaction.