1. Effects of dissolved oxygen on kraft pulp mill effluent toxicity
- Author
-
Delbert B. Hicks and John W. Dewitt
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,biology ,Ecological Modeling ,Environmental engineering ,chemistry.chemical_element ,biology.organism_classification ,Pulp and paper industry ,Pollution ,Oxygen ,Kraft process ,chemistry ,Toxicity ,Oncorhynchus ,Bioassay ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Effluent ,Kraft paper ,Median survival ,Water Science and Technology ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
Effects of reduced dissolved oxygen on the toxicity of kraft mill effluent to juvenile coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch , were determined in short-term, constant-flow bioassays conducted in freshwater. Effects of dissolved oxygen on toxicity demonstrated for a wide range of oxygen concentrations, viz ., from 3.4 to approximately 9 mg 1 −1 , at water temperatures of 12 ± 1°C. With each successive lower oxygen level tested, the median survival time of the test fish and the 24-h tl m values were lower. Possible factors influencing observed results are discussed, as is application of results for protection of fish in waters receiving kraft mill wastes.
- Published
- 1971
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