1. New route for preparing palmitic acid imidazole from free fatty acid using imidazole
- Author
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Adeeb Hayyan, Wan Jefrey Basirun, Muhammad Zulhaziman Mat Salleh, Mohamad Hamdi Zainal-Abidin, Waleed Al Abdulmonem, Rana Abdullah Alghamdi, Laila Alhussain, Abdullah S.M. Aljohani, M.Y. Zulkifli, Boey Min-Wei, Jehad Saleh, Fathiah M. Zuki, and Mohamed E.S. Mirghani
- Subjects
Imidazole ,Palmitic acid imidazole ,Esterification ,jatropha oil ,Crude palm oil ,Free fatty acid ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
In this study, imidazole was used for the first time in esterification of free fatty acid (FFA) from acidic oil and for palmitic acid imidazole production. The FFA content in jatropha oil mixed with crude palm oil (CPO) was significantly reduced from 10.57% to 1.73% under the following optimum conditions (25% imidazole dosage, 30 mins of reaction time, reaction temperature at 60 °C and methanol to oil molar ratio of 20:1). This research opens up new possibilities for utilizing imidazole as a catalyst in various esterification processes, offering a promising and eco-friendly pathway for industrial applications.
- Published
- 2023
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