1. Early Effect of Pine Biochar on Peach-Tree Planting on Microbial Community Composition and Enzymatic Activity
- Author
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Terrence G. Gardner, Mattie Frazier, Juan Pablo Frene, Michael L. Parker, Shuang Liu, and Bernadette Clark
- Subjects
Nutrient cycle ,Soil test ,soil microbial community ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,complex mixtures ,lcsh:Technology ,lcsh:Chemistry ,Biochar ,General Materials Science ,biochar ,Instrumentation ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,Soil health ,soil health ,Chemistry ,lcsh:T ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Soil organic matter ,General Engineering ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,fatty acid methyl ester ,lcsh:QC1-999 ,Computer Science Applications ,Agronomy ,Microbial population biology ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,Soil water ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Soil fertility ,soil enzymes ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,lcsh:Physics - Abstract
Biochar offers several benefits as a soil amendment, including increased soil fertility, carbon sequestration, and water-holding capacity in nutrient-poor soils. In this study, soil samples with and without biochar additives were collected for two consecutive years from an experimental field plot to examine its effect on the microbial community structure and functions in sandy soils under peach-trees (Prunus persica). The four treatments evaluated consisted of two different rates of biochar incorporated into the soil (5%, and 10%, v/v), one “dynamic” surface application of biochar, and a 0% biochar control. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis was used to assess the microbial community structure, and enzyme activities involved in C, N, P, and S nutrient cycling were used as a means of assessing soil functionality. Total FAME and bacterial indicators increased by 18% and 12%, respectively, in the 10% incorporated and 5% surface applied treatments. Biochar applications increased β-glucosaminidase and arylsulfatase activities, 5–30% and 12–46%, respectively. β-glucosidase and acid phosphatase activities decreased by approximately 18–35% and 5–22% in the 0–15 cm soils. The overall results suggest that biochar’s addition to the sandy soils stimulated microbial activity, contributing to the increased mean weight diameter (MWD), C sequestration, and consequential soil health. The changes in microbial community structure and functions may be useful predictors of modifications in soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics due to the long-term application of pine biochar in these systems.
- Published
- 2021