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According to the World Health Organization, oncological diseases are a common cause of mortality in the population, as a result of which the development of measures aimed at the prevention of carcinogenesis is urgent. This study is devoted to obtaining a probiotic consortium consisting of bacteria isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of a healthy person, with the further prospect of its use in anticancer therapy in the form of a biologically active additive (BAA) in specialized food products. The object of the study was bacteria isolated from the feces of a healthy person, and consortia based on them. The identification of bacteria and the study of antimicrobial, antioxidant activity, antitumor properties, resistance to antibiotics, acidic medium and bile of bacteria and consortia based on them were carried out according to generally accepted methods. The results of the study are the formation of consortia of isolated and identified bacteria: № 1 – B. bifidum, B. breve, L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, № 2 – B. bifidum, B. breve, L. plantarum, L. fermentum, № 3 – B. breve, L. fermentum, S. salivarius, № 4 – B. breve, L. fermentum, S. thermophiles exhibiting probiotic properties. Consortium № 2 showed antimicrobial activity to the largest number of test cultures; moderate resistance to the largest number of antibiotics – № 1 and № 2; the highest antioxidant activity – № 1, the most pronounced anti-cancer properties in relation to HepG2, LBR2, MDA-MB-231, U87 and Panc-1 – № 4, and to MCF-7 – № 3; the greatest resistance to environments with low acidity and bile – № 2. According to the results of the study, it can be said that the isolated strains, like the consortia based on them, had antimicrobial, antioxidant activity, showed an antitumor effect, resistance to antibiotics, bile and an acidic environment, so that they can be used as probiotic agents in the form of dietary supplements and specialized lactic acid products for the prevention of carcinogenesis.

Introduction. Wild-crafting leads to the local extinction of many medicinal plants that are rich in phenolic substances. In vitro cultivation of cells and organs of higher plants can be the optimal solution to this problem. The research objective was to study the biosynthetic activity of in vitro extracts of wild Siberian plants. Study objects and methods. The study featured callus, cell suspension, and hairy root extracts of such Siberian medicinal plants as Eleutherococcus senticosus, Codonopsis pilosula, Platanthera bifolia, and Saposhnikovia divaricata. They were obtained by in vitro cultivation using modified nutrient media of Murashige and Skoog and Gamborg. The content of secondary metabolites was studied using the methods of thin-layer and high-performance liquid chromatography. A set of in vitro experiments tested the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the extracts. Results and discussion. All the samples demonstrated a high content of secondary metabolites of phenolic nature. Flavonoglycosides, apigenin, and rutin were found to be the predominant biologically active substances in the callus extracts. Flavonoglycosides dominated in the suspension extracts. The root extracts contained more caffeic acid, rutin, ecdysteroids, quercetin, apigenin, cardiofolin, and coleofolide than the callus and suspension cultures. The list of prevailing secondary metabolites in the root extracts included rutin, apigenin, coleofolide, and quercetin. All the extracts showed antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Conclusion. All the extracts demonstrated good antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Therefore, they can be used for the production of pharmaceuticals and biologically active food supplements as they can be helpful against infectious diseases, as well as oncological, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases linked to oxidative stress.

Introduction. Maltodextrins are a common dietary supplement with a number of positive properties. They consist of D-glucose units connected by a (1–4) glucoside bond. The research objective was to improve the existing technology of maltodextrin production based on potato and corn starch. Study objects and methods. Maltodextrins were obtained by enzymatic and acidic incomplete hydrolysis of potato and corn starch. Amilolux ATS and Glucolux A were used for enzyme hydrolysis, and sulfuric acid was used for acid hydrolysis. The finished product was obtained by spray drying. The sensory properties of the finished product were determined by standard methods. The method of high-performance liquid chromatography defined the hydrocarbon composition, while the method of dextrose equivalent helped to determine the reducing capacity of sugars. Results and discussions. The study improved the technique of the enzymatic breakdown of starch. Amylolysis ATS proved to be the optimal enzyme preparation in concentration of 0.5 mL/50 cm3). Other optimal parameters included the starch-splitting activity of 2,330.50 u/mL, temperature of hydrolysis of 65 ± 2°C, and pH reactions of pH 6.5. The method of spray drying proved most efficient for drying starch hydrolysates: the drying temperature and air flow was 100°C, while the flow rate of the solution was 12 mL/min). The experiment also established the dextrose equivalent of the finished product (12–13%) and the quantitative content of sugars in the obtained samples. For maltodextrins obtained from potato starch, the content of maltose and glucose was 16.73 ± 0.25% and 12.48 ± 0.050%, respectively; for corn maltodextrins – 40.22 ± 0.30% and 52.93 ± 0.040%. Conclusion. The market for food additives is developing rapidly. Maltodextrin is a natural food additive that can be used in various branches of food industry. The research made it possible to improve the technology of maltodextrin production in t dairy industry.

Antibiotic contamination of water and food is a particularly important environmental worldwide problem. Antibiotics are found in water, soil, and food, which negatively affects both the environment and the health of the entire world’s population. Therefore, it is important to control the content of antimicrobials. To solve this problem, scientists are developing new and improving existing methods for these preparation determination. The paper considers the possibility of applying the technique of high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection for the determination of nitroimidazole group antibiotics in meat raw materials. The method was evaluated in terms of the main characteristics taken into account during validation: accuracy, reproducibility, linearity, and specificity. Studies conducted on pork muscle tissue samples showed the absence of antibiotics of this group in all samples, which meets the requirements of regulatory documents.

Lignin that is the main matrix for the humus formation in Phaeozems affect greatly the transformation of their organic matter. The aim of this work was a detailed characterisation of the lignin phenols composition and processes of their transformation in soils under the impact of soil plowing and drainage during the last 30 years. The objects of investigation were Greyic Phaeozems Albic of south of the Russian Plain. The process of lignin determination included the alkaline oxidation of a sample using copper oxide at 170 degrees under the pressure in a nitrogen medium. The lignin phenols were divided by a gas-luquid chromatograph. The proportions of lignin phenols in soils ploughed did not change under plowing. Drainage caused a deep transformation of lignin in soils and in the Fe-Mn nodules too. Lignin phenols are associated with the coarse sand fraction.

An important strategic objective of the food industry is to meet the demands of all categories of the population in high-quality, biologically valuable, and safe food. At present, structured products based on dairy raw materials are commonly used. Food materials used to generate the necessary rheological properties or modify the existing properties for food systems that adjust or form the consistency of food products are referred to as structure- stabilizing agents. Both individual ingredients and complex mixtures thereof can be structure-stabilizing agents. The use of these agents contributes to an increase in the density and to the formation of a specific structure of the food product, which is retained even after heat treatment. In this study, the composition and properties of structure- stabilizing agents for products based on dairy raw materials have been analyzed. The following characteristics have been selected to examine: bulk density, viscosity, the fraction of undissolved residue, microvoid content, specific volume, specific surface area, and characteristic diameter. The dynamics of structural changes that occur during the interaction with the solvent have been analyzed from micrographs. The weight fraction of chemical elements (oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, sodium, chlorine) has been determined via analyzing the spectrophotometric profile.

Investigation of the composition and microstructure of dietary fiber derived from plants showed that the stabilizers investigated differ with regard to size and shape of the particles and the density of particle distribution. The composition and microstructure of dietary fiber derived from plants have been studied using electron microscopy. Spectrometric profiles of chemical composition have been obtained, and the content of the predominant chemical elements in food microstructure stabilizers has been determined. Some similarity concerning the content of certain chemical elements and the ratio of the contents of different elements has been detected upon the analysis of food structure stabilizers of the same type (carboxymethylcellulose, gum, and sodium pyrophosphate). Mathematical processing of photomicrographs of structure stabilizer samples has been performed, and masks for the assessment of the content of microcavities in the particles of the structure stabilizers investigated have been created.