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The nanofiller improve the properties of the pristine polymer resins to the great extent. In present findings, the preparation of nanocomposites (epoxy/PNCC/LDHs) was done by the ‘Slurry-compoundin...

Herein we report a simple and convenient, base promoted synthetic method for preparation of (Z)-2-(2-phenyl-4H-benzo[4,5]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ylidene)acetonitrile derivatives. The reactions involve ring transformation of 2H-pyran-3-carbonitriles 1 with 2-aminobenzthazole 2 using Cs2CO3 at room temperature. Absorption and emission properties of synthesized compounds were investigated in solvents of varying polarity. It was found that for all studied compounds no distinguishable behaviour was observed for absorption in different solvents whereas some notable changes were observed in emission fluorescence spectras. Solvent dependent spectral properties of compounds were investigated using Lippert-Mataga plot. A rational relationship is examined between fluorescence quantum efficiencies and calculated HOMO energies.

The electrochemical reduction of thymine (T) and thymidine (Thy) in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid at room temperature is investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The CV of thymine shows one-electron reduction peak at − 0.67 V vs Fc/Fc+, while thymidine exhibited two reduction peaks corresponding to − 1.54 V and at − 2.06 V vs Fc/Fc+. The difference in the reduction peaks of thymine and thymidine observed suggests a single-step and two-step reductions, respectively. The experimental voltammogram was convoluted for the the estimation of diffusion coefficient, charge transfer coefficient, kinetics, and energetics of thymine and thymidine. The theoretical prediction using semi-integral technique suggests that thymidine at the reduction peak − 1.54 V vs Fc/Fc+ proceeds a one-electron reductive cleavage of N–C glycosidic bond (nitrogen–carbon) via concerted dissociative electron-transfer mechanism while thymine.

A new series of 5-(1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-4-methyl-2-arylthiazole derivatives, 6a−w have been synthesized by click reaction of substituted benzylazide, 5a−d with 5-ethynyl-4-methyl-2-substituted phenylthiazole, 4a−f. The starting compounds 4-ethynyl-2-substituted phenylthiazole (4a−f) were synthesized from the corresponding thiazole aldehyde by using the Ohira−Bestmann reagent. The structure of the synthesized compounds was determined by spectral analysis. All the synthesized compounds were screened for their preliminary antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (MTB, ATCC 25177). Most of the synthesized compounds reported good activity against M. tuberculosis H37Ra strain with IC50 range of 0.58−8.23 µg/mL. Compounds 6g and 6k reported good antitubercular activity with MIC90 values of 4.71 and 2.22 µg/mL, respectively. Potential antimycobacterial activity suggested that these compounds could serve as good lead compounds for further optimization and development of a newer antitubercular candidate.

The vegetable oil-based waterborne polyurethane coatings have gained significant interest due to low volatile organic compounds, and hence, this has been considered as a proper substitute to the commonly used solvent-borne coating systems. In the present work, we have developed the polyurethane coatings from diethanolamide of fatty acid and dicarboxylic acid (sebacic acid and succinic anhydride)-based poly(esteramide) resin as a diol along with 2,2′-dimethylol propionic acid and isophorone diisocyanate. The chemical structure of bio-based diol and PU coatings was elucidated by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The polyurethane dispersions (PUDs) prepared were analysed by particle size analysis and stability. The mahua oil-based PUDs were coated on the metal panels and the cured material obtained was characterized by the physico-mechanical, chemical resistance and the thermal properties which were compared with the petroleum resource-based PUDs. The PUD coatings showed good physico-mechanical properties, chemical resistance and thermal stability. Hence, the dispersion prepared from bio-based diols may find application as eco-friendly coatings.

A one-pot, multi-component, synthetic method for preparation of 2-amino-4-substituted-1,4-dihydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-3-carbonitriles has been developed. It was accomplished by mixing 2-aminobenzimidazole, aldehyde and malononitrile in the presence of S-Chit-HAp@Fe3O4 as a nanocatalyst in aqueous medium. The catalyst (S-Chit-HAp@Fe3O4) was synthesized using a co-precipitation method and further characterized by using FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, HR-TEM, TGA and VSM analysis. It was found that the catalyst exhibits magnetic properties and showed high catalytical activity for the synthesis of 2-amino-4-substituted-1,4-dihydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-3-carbonitriles. S-Chit-HAp@Fe3O4 nanoparticles catalyzing one-pot, multi-component synthesis of 2-amino-4-substituted-1,4-dihydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-3-carbonitriles in aqueous medium has been reported herein.

The poly{[p-(azidomethyl)styrene]-co-(5-vinyltetrazole)} was successfully synthesized by azidation of a copolymer, such as poly-{[p-(chloromethyl)styrene]-co-acrylonitrile} under microwave irradiation. This method was very simple, rapid, and carried out in a controllable way. In this greener approach, the chlorine atom of the copolymer was easily replaced by azide group, and the cyanide group was converted to tetrazole moiety under microwave irradiation. The synthesized copolymers were characterized by spectral analysis, and their thermal properties were estimated using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry.

Energetic polymers containing nitro, nitrato, and azido groups release high energy during combustion and thereby increase the performance of the systems. A number of energetic polymers have been found suitable for use as binders in high-performance propellant and explosive formulations. This review describes the synthetic and application aspects of various modern energetic polymers for explosive formulations and propellants.

One-pot multicomponent synthesis of benzimidazoquinazolinone scaffolds was achieved by reaction between 2-aminobenzimidazole, aldehyde, and 1,3-cyclohexadione in choline chloride:glycerol as deep eutectic solvent (DES). The developed methodology offers mild and faster reaction conditions with excellent product yield. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antioxidant potency using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and metal chelating assay. Most of the compounds were found to exhibit good to comparable antioxidant activity with respect to standards. Use of this inexpensive and biodegradable solvent makes this methodology a greener approach compared with other methods reported in literature. Greener, one-pot multicomponent synthesis of benzimidazoquinazolinone scaffolds using DES (ChCl:glycerol) as efficient, recyclable, and biodegradable solvent has been achieved. The synthesized compounds show good to comparable antioxidant activity compared with standards.

Fluorescent siderophore pyoverdin (PVD) was produced from a soil isolate Pseudomonas monteilii strain MKP 213. The PVD was purified near to homogeneity and applied for the fluorescent chemosensing of various antibiotics in aqueous solution (pH=7.0). Upon addition of ciprofloxacin, PVD showed new UV-vis absorption bands at 252 and 321nm due to an internal charge transfer mechanism. Also, the addition of ciprofloxacin induced a highly selective fluorescence enhancement of PVD with a 13nm blue shift from 458 to 445nm. The combination of a long peptide chain along with the chromophore unit of PVD generates a converging cleft for ciprofloxacin recognition with LOD and LOQ of 7.13μM and 21.6μM, respectively without interference from other studied antibiotics. The association constant (Ka) of PVD with ciprofloxacin was calculated to be as low as 1.40×10(5)M(-1) using Benesi-Hildebrand plot depicting its significance in detection. The pharmaceutical tablet analysis measures the sensing with negligible matrix effect and quantitative recovery.

This work focused on two difficulties associated with preparation of polypropylene/wood flour (PP/WF) composites, viz. the compatibility of PP with WF and processing of the composites with high melt viscosity. Maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (MAPP) was used in the preparation of PP composites to provide the compatibility between polymer and filler. Hyperbranched polyester (HBPE) was incorporated to check feasibility of it as a processing aid in the same. The PP/WF composites were formulated by melt compounding on a Brabender Plastograph EC. Blending effect of compatibilizer and processing aid HBPE on PP/WF biocomposites have been carried out on the basis of torque analysis, mechanical properties, morphology, and thermal stability. The investigation showed that HBPE improves the processibility of PP/WF composites than MAPP with respective to torque value. The mechanical and thermal properties slightly vary with change in relative proportion of MAPP and HBPE. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2016. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers

Azomethine is the key linkage in all Schiff base reactions. The present context has efficiently emphasized on the utilization of Schiff base strategy effectively in the synthesis of polyazomethine polymer gel materials. The synthesized polymer gel is characterized by different physical techniques for testing its proper existence such as FESEM analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimeter analysis, FTIR analysis and electron dispersive X-ray scattering analysis. The morphological study has revealed that the material is having 3D lamellar-layered architecture, i.e., layer-by-layer array of polymer chains. The synthesis governs several advantages, such as executing without using any catalyst and water as a green solvent. The present study also checked its complexion ability with nitro aromatic acceptors. The intercalation of nitro aromatic molecule between the two straight chains of the polymer gel is the beautiful peculiarity of these red-coloured complexes.

Renewable resources used in the preparation of polymers are falling in the class of biomaterials which are rich in hydrocarbons and most of the times obtained from parts of profusely available agriculture feedstock. Use of non-edible vegetable oils and their fatty acids are currently the raw materials focused in synthesizing polymeric materials as renewable sources due to increasing economic and environmental concerns of petroleums. The current oil based polymers are prepared by consuming petroleum based anhydrides and dicarboxylic acids. With this investigation, we tried to substitute almost all components of petroleum feed stock by renewable sources in preparation of polyol. Initially palmitic acid was used as a renewable source to prepare palmitamide by amidation reaction. Further amide was converted into the polyesteramide resin (PEPAD) by reacting it with another renewable resource, i.e. dimer fatty acid which is the dimerized product of unsaturated fatty acids of vegetable oils. Structure of the prepared resin was confirmed by spectroscopic techniques and resin was also characterized by end group analysis like hydroxyl and acid values. The molecular weight of PEPAD was ranged between 2590 and 2760 g mol−1. Palmitic acid based polyesteramide was used to prepare polyurethanes by varying amount of diisocyanate. The transparent polyurethane films and coatings were obtained and examined for water absorption, contact angle, hardness, coating properties, solvent, acid and alkali resistances. The thermal properties of the polyurethane films were estimated by TGA and discussed. It was found that change in NCO content affected on transparency as well flexibility of the prepared films. It also noticed that thermal stability was shifted toward higher range by increasing mole (NCO/OH) ratios due to formation of urea linkages.

In the present investigation, nanocomposites of polypropylene (PP)-montmorillonite (MMT) clay were prepared by a single-step compounding method to study the influence of hyperbranched polyester (HBPE) on rheological and mechanical properties of PP composites in the presence of a compatibilizer. In service of this objective, polyvinylchloride-grafted-maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) was used as a compatibilizer for hydrophobic PP and hydrophilic clay. Rheological property in terms of melt viscosity was examined by a Brabender torque rheometer. The composite's morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), whereas the dispersion state of nanoparticles in the PP matrix was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The thermal behavior of nanocomposites was examined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The analysis of results confirmed that the interactions among both additives significantly influenced the morphology, rheology, and thermomechanical properties of the nanocomposites. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 22:72–79, 2016. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers

Novel two pack polyurethane wood finished coatings are prepared from renewable sources, such as vegetable oil based fatty acid and dimer fatty acid. In actual experimental part oleic acid was reacted with diethanolamine to obtain amide which was on condensation polymerization with dimer fatty acid converted into the polyesteramide polyol. These are all being used to prepare polyurethanes. The functional and structural elucidation of dimer fatty acid based polyesteramide and diethanolamide were carried out by end group analysis, spectral studies such as FTIR and 1H NMR. Average molar masses of the polyesteramide were estimated by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The polyesteramide was used in the preparation of wood finished polyurethane coatings by reacting it with aromatic diisocyanates. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to study the thermal behavior of coatings. Physico-chemical and coating properties of the coatings were investigated by using standard methods. The results indicated that the bio-based wood finished PU coatings provided good mechanical, weather resistance as well possessed adequate coating properties for wood surface protections.

The present study portrays the investigations on the optimization of the K2CO3-catalyzed synthesis of sucrose–coconut fatty acids esters. Determination of the hydroxyl value (HV) and the saponification value (SV), as well as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, provided an understanding of the progress of transesterification, as a function of temperature (120–140 °C), holding period (30–150 min), catalyst concentration (1%–4%), molar ratio of sucrose to fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) (M = 0.364–6), and molecular weight of fatty acids. Bimolecular second-order kinetic model based on equal transesterification opportunity for all hydroxyl groups of sucrose/partial esters and that based on preferential transesterification of 6 −OH of the glucose unit in constant volume batch reactor were developed using integral and differential methods. The dependence of selective and nonselective kinetic models on the number and nature of hydroxyl groups in the sucrose were investigated. The changes in viscosity of ...

New sequence of microcapsules with dendritic PAMAM-based novel polyurea as shell wall material containing herbicide as a core moiety has been prepared by interfacial polymerization technique. Dendrimer-based polymeric microcapsules were fabricated with aim to study the effect of different reaction parameters such as surfactant dose, core loading, agitation speed, and amount of solvent on particle size, particle size distribution, and appearance of microcapsules. Prepared microcapsules were characterized by FTIR, thermo gravimetric analysis, particle size analysis, scanning electron microscope, and other microscopic technique. In present investigation, surfactant dose of 2.5% with 5 mL of solvent at 400 rpm was found to be optimum for fabrication of stable new polyurea microcapsules containing 1 g of core. The synthesized microcapsules with optimized parameters were evaluated quantitatively for controlled release study by gas chromatography in different environmental conditions. The highest percent release...

The widespread use of vegetable oils as automotive and industrial lubricant base is precluded mainly by their poor cold flow, thermal resistance and oxidation stability characteristics and high cost. Present experimental work envisages the use of low cost abundant mustard oil through improvement in its lubrication properties by nanoalumina catalyzed semibatch performic acid epoxidation of double bonds and subsequent acid catalyzed ring opening with 2-ethylhexanol (2-EH). Complete double bond conversion with highly selective oxirane ring formation (EEW-232.4) was ensured during formation of epoxidized mustard oil (EMO). The effectiveness of H2SO4, CH3SO3H and NH2SO3H as catalysts in one-pot, one-step partial esterification of EMO with 2-EH was monitored on the basis of following characteristics: HV, EEW, pour point (PP), viscosity index (VI) and oxidative stability. 2-EH esters of EMO displayed highest depression in PP to the tune of −35 °C and greatest elevation in VI of the order of 177. H2SO4 catalyzed biolubricant products exhibited good low temperature performance, viscosity-temperature stability and oxidation resistance characteristics. Sulphamic acid, which is green and noncorrosive material, was also established as effective catalyst at 2% loading. Thus the works supports the prospects of commercialization of mustard oil based biolubricants.

A series of novel 3-methyl-N"-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-4H-benzo[b][1,4]thiazine-2-carbohyrazides have been synthesized and studied on their in vitro antimicrobial activity potency to establish structure-activity relationship. Several compounds demonstrated promising antifungal and antibacterial activity; however, other tested compounds exhibited moderate to poor antimicrobial activity with respect to the reference drug against the test strains.

Protection of oxidizable metals against corrosion has now being intensively investigated, by applying or developing different methods such as coatings and conversion films; however, all reported methods involve environmentally hazardous materials. Conducting polymers have now been used as corrosion inhibitor coatings that are either chemically or electrochemically deposited on the metal substrate. The application of nanotechnology in the corrosion protection of metals has recently gained momentum. Environmental impact can also be improved by utilizing nanostructure particulates in coatings and eliminating the requirement of toxic solvents. We report here the synthesis of nanoparticles of polyaniline (PANI) and poly-o-anisidine (POA) using emulsion polymerization method in micellar solution of SDS and their anticorrosive property has been experimentally checked. The prepared nanoparticles have been characterized by FTIR and TEM. The nanoparticles of the synthesized polymers were dispersed in alkyd paint formulation for coatings on the metal surface (mild steel). The water absorption in the prepared coatings was also studied. The corrosion rate of polymeric film was determined by weight loss measurement and the surface morphology was examined by SEM. The nano PANI/Alkyd coatings showed considerable protection against corrosion than the POA/alkyd coatings.

A conducting composite of poly(o-anisidine), poly(o-toluidine) and poly(o-anisidine-co-o-toluidine) using incorporation of TiO2 and SiO2 was prepared by electrochemical polymerization. The films were electropolymerized in solution containing 0.1 M monomer(s), 1 M sulphuric acid as supporting electrolyte and 10–5 M TiO2 and SiO2 by applying a sequential linear potential scan rate of 50 mV/s between –0.2 and 1.0 V versus an Ag/AgCl electrode. The characterization of the composites was done by cyclic voltametry, UV-Vis spectroscopy, electrical conductivity and thermogravimetric analysis. It is observed that the UV-Vis peaks appear in the region of the conducting emerladine salt (ES) phase. Overall, the polymers prepared using TiO2 have higher conductivity than SiO2, with poly(o-toluidine)–TiO2 conducting composite having the highest conductivivty. The composite does not lose its colour at higher temperature and, hence, can be utilized as conductive pigments required for anti-electrostatic applications.

A conducting composite of polyaniline, poly(o-anisidine), and poly(aniline-co-o-anisidine) using incorporation of TiO2 and SiO2 was prepared by electrochemical polymerization. The films were electropolymerized in a solution containing 0.1 M monomer(s), 1 M sulfuric acid as supporting electrolyte, and 10−5 M TiO2 and SiO2 by applying a sequential linear potential scan rate of 50 mV/s between − 0.2 and 1.0 V versus an Ag/AgCl electrode. The composites were characterized by cyclic voltametry, UV-visible spectroscopy, electrical conductivity, and thermogravimetric analysis. It was observed that the UV-visible peaks appeared in the region of the conducting emerladine salt phase. In an overall study, the polymers prepared using TiO2 had a higher conductivity than those prepared with SiO2; however, higher conductivity was observed for the polyaniline-TiO2 conducting composite than for the other polymers. The composites did not lose their color at higher temperature and hence can be utilized as the conductive pig...

The most abundant and potent natural products having a broad spectrum of biological activity against various pests are terpenoids, especially monoterpenoids. The chemical modification of natural monoterpenoids has been reported to result in modified biological activity. The present work emphasizes the structural modification of carvacrol, a phenolic monoterpenoid, through the synthesis of different ether and ester derivatives that are useful for structure–activity relationship studies to exploit the potent molecules. The carvacrol was reacted with alkyl halides and acid chlorides under microwaves using solid supports such as silica gel, alumina, and fly ash to give ethers and esters, respectively. The synthesis of dimeric ether and ester compounds using dihalides and acid dichlorides was conducted with novel reactions. Additional features of the methodology include very fast reactions, higher yields and purities of the products, and an ecofriendly approach.

Natural monoterpenoids have been documented for their acute toxicity and repellent, antifeedent, reproduction inhibitory, and insecticidal actions. The present work aims to derive a variety of ether and ester compounds using polymer‐supported reactions from the polymer‐supported carvacrol anion was reacted with alkyl halides and acid chlorides to afford carvacryl ethers and esters, respectively. Furthermore, a special study on the effect of different solvents and supports revealed that Amberlite IRA 400 (chloride form) was found to be the best polymer support and acetone among the solvents.

The influence of inorganic and organic supporting electrolytes on electrochemical, optical and conducting properties of poly(aniline-co-o-anisidine-co-o-toluidine), a terpolymer thin films have been investigated. Homo and terpolymer thin films were synthesized electrochemically, under cyclic voltammetric conditions in aqueous solutions of inorganic acids, viz. H2SO4, HCl, HNO3, H3PO4 and HClO4 and organic acids, viz. benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid and adipic acid at room temperature. The films were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV-Visible spectroscopy and conductivity measurements using four probe technique. It was observed that the current densities are strongly influenced by the size and the nature of the anion present in the electrolyte. The optical absorption spectra indicated that the conducting emeraldine salt (ES) phase formed in all the inorganic electrolytes used, whereas it formed only in oxalic acid amongst the organic acids supporting electrolytes. The conductivity of thin films was found to be greatly affected by the nature and size of the anion present in the electrolyte. In case of terpolymer (PA-co-POA-co-POT), the conductivity lies in between the conductivity of the homopolymers PA, POA and POT, irrespective of the supporting electrolyte used. Differential scanning colorimeter (DSC) study also proved the formation of terpolymer.

The effect of organic sulphonic acids on electrochemical, optical and conductivity properties of poly(aniline-co-o-anisidine-co-o-toluidine) terpolymer thin films have been investigated. Homo- and terpolymer thin films were synthesized electrochemically under cyclic voltammetric conditions in aqueous solutions of sulphuric acid, p-toluene sulphonic acid, sulphamic acid and sulphosalicylic acid at room temperature. The films were electro-polymerized in solution containing 0.1 M monomers and the respective electrolyte (1 M sulphuric acid or organic sulphonic acid) by applying a sequential linear potential scan rate of 50 mV/s between −0.2 and 1.0 V versus Ag/AgCl electrode. The electrosynthesized films were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV-Vis spectroscopy and conductivity measurement. It is observed that the UV-Vis peaks for sulphuric acid, p-toluene sulphonic acid, sulphamic acid and sulphosalicylic acid are appearing in the region of conducting emeraldine salt phase. In an overall study, the polym...

Conducting polymers have attracted much interest in the development of biosensors. Electrically conducting polymers are known to possess numerous features, which allow them to act as excellent materials for immobilization of biomolecules and rapid electron transfer for the fabrication of efficient biosensors. The present review describes the salient features of conducting polymers as biosensors, their construction, working, importance and applications.

An attempt has been made to prepare poly((o-anisidine)-co-(o-toluidine)) (POA-co-POT) thin films doped by several organic salts with varying size of the cation, using an aqueous solution of H2SO4 as electrolyte. Effect of dopant in presence of electrolyte is rarely studied in the field of conducting polymers. Various organic salts as dopants, viz., potassium acetate, sodium acetate and magnesium acetate were used at room temperature. The films were electro-polymerized in solution containing 0.1 M monomer(s), 1 M H2SO4 as electrolyte and 1 M organic salt by applying sequential linear potential scan rate 50 mV/s between −0.2 and 1.0 V versus Ag/AgCl electrode. The electro-synthesized films were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV-Vis spectroscopy and conductivity measurements. It was observed that the UV-Vis peaks are appearing at about 802–816 nm with a shoulder at 410–426 nm for emeraldine salt (ES) phase of POA, POT and POA-co-POT without any doping salt. In the presence of salts, a shift for these a...

The effect of organic sulfonic acid on electrochemical, optical, and conductivity properties of polyaniline (PA), poly(o-anisidine) (POA), and their copolymer polyaniline-co-poly(o-anisidine) (PA-co-POA) thin films has been investigated. The films were synthesized electrochemically individually and then combinely as binary co-polymerization under cyclic voltammetric conditions in an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, p-toluene sulfonic acid, sulfamic acid, and sulfosalicylic acid at room temperature. The films were electropolymerized in solution containing 0.1 M monomers and 1 M sulfuric acid or organic sulfonic acid as electrolyte by applying sequential linear potential scan rate 50 mV/s between − 0.2 and 1.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl electrode. The electrosynthesized films were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV–Visible spectroscopy, and conductivity measurement. The UV–Visible spectra were obtained ex situ in DMSO and peaks were observed for conducting the emeraldine salt (ES) phase in the presence o...

An attempt has been made to prepare polyaniline (PA), poly (o-anisidine) (POA), and their copolymer poly (aniline-co-o-anisidine) (PA-co-POA) thin films dopped by several organic salts with varying size of cation, using an aqueous solution of H2SO4 as the electrolyte. The effect of using a dopant in presence of an electrolyte is studied less in the field of conducting polymers. Various organic salts, viz., potassium acetate, sodium acetate, and magnesium acetate were used as dopants at room temperature. The films were electropolymerized in solution containing 0.1 M monomer(s), 1 M H2SO4 as electrolyte, and 1 M organic salt by applying the sequential linear potential scan rate 50 mV/s between − 0.2 and 1.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl electrode. The electrosynthesized films were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV–Visible spectroscopy, and conductivity measurements. The UV–Visible spectra were obtained ex situ in DMSO and peaks were observed to appear at about 810–826 nm with a shoulder at 416–426 nm for the...

The effect of organic sulphonic acids on electrochemical, optical and conductivity properties of poly( o -anisidine) (POA), poly( o -toluidine) (POT) and poly(o-anisidine-co-o-toluidine) (POA-co-POT) thin films has been investigated. The films were synthesized electrochemically, individual as homopolymers and then combined as (binary copolymer) under cyclic voltammetric conditions in an aqueous solution of sulphuric acid, p-toluene sulphonic acid, sulphamic acid and sulphosalicylic acid at room temperature. The films were electropolymerized in solution containing 0.1 M monomers and respective electrolyte (1 M sulphuric acid or organic sulphonic acid) by applying sequential linear potential scan rate of 50 mV/s between-0.2 and 1.0 V versus Ag/AgCl electrode. The electrosynthesized films were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV-Vis spectroscopy and conductivity measurement. It is observed that the UV-Vis peaks for sulphuric acid, p-toluene sulphonic acid, sulphamic acid and sulphosalicylic acid appear i...

An attempt has been made to prepare poly[aniline-co-(o-anisidine)-co-(o-toluidine)] (PAco-POA-co-POT) thin films doped by several inorganic salts (sulphates and chlorides) with varying size of cations using aqueous solution of H2SO4 as electrolyte. Effect of dopants in the presence of electrolyte is rarely studied in the field of conducting polymer. Various inorganic salts, viz., K2 SO4, Na2SO4, Li2SO4, MgSO4, KCl, NaCl, LiCl and MgCl2, are used as dopants at room temperature. The films were electropolymerized in solution containing 0.1 M monomer(s), 1 M H2SO4 as electrolyte and 1 M inorganic salt by applying a sequential linear potential scan rate of 50 mV/s between –0.2 and 1.0 V versus Ag/AgCl electrode. The electro-synthesized films were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV-visible spectroscopy and conductivity measurements using a four-probe technique. It was observed that the UV-visible peaks are appearing at about 816 nm with a shoulder at 420 nm for the emeraldine salt (ES) phase of PA-co-POA-c...

An attempt has been made to prepare poly[aniline-co-(o-anisidine)-co-(o-toluidine)] (PAco-POA-co-POT) thin films doped by several organic salts with varying size of cation, using aqueous solution of H2SO4 as electrolyte. The effect of dopant in presence of electrolyte is rarely studied in the field of conducting polymers. Various organic salts as dopants, viz. potassium acetate, sodium acetate and magnesium acetate, were used at room temperature. The films were electropolymerized in solution containing 0.1 M monomer(s), 1 M H2SO4 as electrolyte and 1 M organic salt by applying sequential linear potential scan rate 50 mV/s between –0.2 and 1.0 V versus Ag/AgCl electrode. The electro-synthesized films were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV-visible spectroscopy and conductivity measurements. It was observed that the UV-visible peaks appeared at about 816 nm with a shoulder at 420 nm for emeraldine salt (ES) phase of PA-co-POA-co-POT without any doping salt. In the presence of salts, a shift for these a...

An attempt has been made to prepare polyaniline (PA), poly(o-toluidine) (POT) and their copolymer polyaniline-co-poly(otoluidine) (PA–POT) thin films doped by several organic salts with varying size of cation, using aqueous solution of H2SO4 as electrolyte. Effect of dopant in the presence of electrolyte is rarely studied in the field of conducting polymers. Various organic salts as dopants, viz. potassium acetate, sodium acetate and magnesium acetate were used at room temperature. The films were electropolymerized in solution containing 0.1 M monomer(s), 1 M H2SO4 as electrolyte and 1 M organic salt by applying sequential linear potential scan rate 50 mV/s between 0.2 and 1.0 V versus Ag/AgCl electrode. The electro-synthesized films were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV–Visible spectroscopy and conductivity measurements. The UV–Visible spectra were obtained ex situ in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and peaks are observed to appear at about 800–810 nm with a shoulder at 410–420 nm are for emeraldine salt (ES) phase of PA, POT, PA–POT without any doping salt. In the presence of salts, a shift for these absorptions was observed to lower wavelength (758–786 nm), however, a shift of shoulder to higher wavelength (413–425 nm). In overall study, an increase in conductivity was observed for all aforesaid dopants and among these, potassium acetate was found to be the best. D 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

The title compounds (V) and (VIII) display good antibacterial activity against S.aureus but they are less active against S.

The title compounds (V) and (VIII) display good antibacterial activity against S.aureus but they are less active against S.

Various N-alkyl and N-acyl derivatives of 2-(4-thiazolyl)-1H-benzimidazole, an anthelmintic and systemic fungicide, were synthesized by polymer-supported reactions and screened for their antifungal and antibacterial potency to establish structure-activity relationships.

Various thymyl ethers and esters have been synthesized by reactions of thymol with alkyl halides and acid chlorides, respectively, in aqueous medium under environmentally benign conditions using micro-wave irradiation. The products are important as potent pest managing agents.