1. The Influence of Macrophage-Activating Lipopeptide-2 in Regard to Liver-Specific Changes Within a Murine Two-Hit Model
- Author
-
Peng Luo, Frank Hildebrand, Weikang Wang, Johannes Greven, Yulong Shi, Klemens Horst, Thomas Tschernig, and Ding Xu
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Immunology ,Lipopeptide ,medicine.disease ,Hepatic immune response ,Rheumatology ,Andrology ,Sepsis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cytokine ,Immune system ,chemistry ,Cell culture ,Internal medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,business ,Infiltration (medical) - Abstract
Trauma hemorrhage (TH) and subsequent sepsis are well known to frequently result in severe organ damage. Although macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 (MALP-2) has been described to exert beneficial effects on organ damage, and further clinical course after both isolated trauma and sepsis, little is known about the impact of MALP-2 in a clinically realistic two-hit scenario of TH and subsequent sepsis. As the liver represents a key organ for the posttraumatic immune response and development of complications, the effects of MALP-2 on the posttraumatic hepatic immunologic response and tissue damage were investigated in a murine “two-hit” model. In C57BL/6 mice, blood pressure-controlled (35 ± 5 mm Hg) TH was induced. Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was performed 48 h after TH. Mice were divided into two control groups (control 1, TH and laparotomy without CLP; control 2, TH and CLP) and three experimental groups (TH + CLP) treated with MALP-2 at different timepoints (ETH, end of TH; ECLP, end of CLP; 6CLP, 6 h after CLP). The observation time lasted for 168 h after induction of TH. Kupffer cells (KC) were isolated and cultured, and MPO activity was analyzed. Cell culture supernatants were taken for cytokine analysis (TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, GM-CSF, IL-10). Histological analysis was performed using the Hepatic Injury Severity Scoring (HISS). Statistical evaluation was carried out using SPSS (version 24.0.0; IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). MPO activity of control 1 group was lowest compared with all the other groups (p
- Published
- 2021