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Background Recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI) is a disease occurred frequently in preschool children. Methods A total of 120 RRTI children were randomly divided into active group, remission group, intervention group and control group, meanwhile 30 healthy children were selected as the healthy group. Children in the intervention group were given oral Bifidobaeterium tetravaccine tablets (Live) for 2 months, while the control group received routine treatment. Stool sample were detected to analyze the bacterial strains. The occurrence of respiratory tract infection (RTI) was compared between different groups during 1 year follow-up. Results Compared with the healthy group, the number of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli in the active group, remission group, intervention group and control group was significantly decreased (P

To evaluate the effect of milkvetch injection (MI) on immune function of children with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) after radical operation.Forty-children with TOF were divided into two groups, the 20 in the control group treated with conventional treatment alone and the 20 in the treated group treated with conventional treatment plus 15 ml of MI every 12 hrs for 14 days. Changes of immunoglobulin, complements, lymphocyte phenotypes and cytokines were observed.In the treated group, the abnormally increased levels of IgG, IgM, C3, C4, CD8+ and CD19+ began to lower at lst-2nd week after treatment, and basically restored to the levels of normal at 3rd-4th week; while the decreased levels of IgA, CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, CD3+/HLA-DR+ and CD3+/CD16+ -CD56+ raised gradually from the 1st week and restored to normal range at 2nd-3rd week. The IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels in the plasma and supernatant, produced in vitro by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) decreased gradually at 1st week and restored to the normal level at 3rd-4th weeks. The different value before and after treatment of the above-mentioned indexes in the treated group were superior to those in the control group (P0.05 or P0.01).MI could significantly improve the immune function of children with TOF after radical operation.

To evaluate the effect of Milkvetch Injection (MI) on cardiac function and hemodynamics in children with tetralogy of Fallot after radical operation.Thirty-two children with tetralogy of Fallot were divided into two groups, the 20 patients in the control group treated with conventional treatment and the 12 patients in the treated group treated with 15 ml of MI every 12 hrs for 7 days. The cardiac function and hemodynamic parameters were determined by echocardiography and thermodilution catheter inserted in pulmonary artery.Patients' cardiac function and hemodynamic parameters were improved significantly 1 hr after administering 15 ml of MI Injection, but restored to the level before medication in 2-4 hrs. Administering MI injection for successive 7 days could gradually improve patients' cardiac function and hemodynamic parameters after operation, and the improvement became more evident with the prolonging time of medication. The intubation time, intensive care unit duration and the time of intravenously administration of inotropic drugs in the treated group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (P0.01).MI could significantly improve the hemodynamics and cardiac function, and shorten the recovery time in children with tetralogy of Fallot after radical operation.