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Previous studies have not focused on how intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy predicts early postnatal child abuse. This study identifies the continuity and spillover effects of IPV during pregnancy on IPV and child abuse and neglect (CAN) at 1-month and 3-month postnatal periods. A total of 822 pregnant women were recruited at the third trimester of pregnancy at two obstetric hospitals in Tokyo, Japan, from June 2016 to September 2017. IPV during pregnancy and IPV and CAN at 1 month and 3 months postnatal were obtained through self-reported questionnaires. Results show that the rate of IPV was highest during pregnancy (16.4%), and there was significant continuance (69.4%) of this occurrence of IPV after childbirth (1 month: 13.9%; 3 months: 13.7%). In addition, the rate of CAN was 20.0% at 1 month postnatal and slightly increased at 3 months postnatal (21.8%). Furthermore, this study indicates that IPV during pregnancy was significantly associated with CAN at 1 month and 3 months postnatal (β = .16 and β = .14) and with IPV at 1 month (β = .68), and subsequently, IPV at 1 month was significantly associated with IPV at 3 months postnatal (β = .56). This study suggests the importance of conducting screenings for IPV during the perinatal period and providing intensive health interventions for abused women to support their parenting from pregnancy to 3 months postnatal to prevent or reduce CAN at 1 month and 3 months postnatal.

Aim: This study identifies the impact of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy, and childhood maltreatment on mothers' perpetration of child maltreatment on 1-month postnatal infants., Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted on women in the third trimester of pregnancy in two obstetric hospitals in Tokyo, Japan, from June 2016 to September 2017. Participants were asked to complete online self-reported questionnaires during their pregnancy period and at 1 month postnatal. The relationship between suffering from IPV during pregnancy, experiencing childhood maltreatment before the age of 18 years, and perpetration of child maltreatment toward infants was measured among mothers using the Violence Against Women Screen and a survey of four and 14 ad hoc questions. To identify the impact of poly-victimizations of IPV and childhood maltreatment on maternal-infant maltreatment, the study implemented logistic regression models., Results: The data from 533 respondents to the first and second surveys were analyzed. Maternal-infant maltreatment at 1 month postnatal was strongly associated with poly-victimizations of IPV during pregnancy and childhood maltreatment (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 5.17; p < .001; 95% CI = 2.39-11.20), single victimization of IPV (AOR = 3.43, p < .001, 95% CI = 1.76-6.72), and single victimization of childhood maltreatment (AOR = 1.75, p = .03, 95% CI = 1.04-2.93; neither = reference)., Conclusion: The results emphasize the importance of individuating pregnant women with poly-victimizations of IPV during pregnancy and childhood maltreatment and providing intensive and continuous support for such women to prevent maternal-infant maltreatment after childbirth., (© 2020 Japan Academy of Nursing Science.)

Objectives: This study tested the mediating effects of mothers' postnatal depression, mother-to-infant bonding failure, and hostile attributions to children's behaviors at 1 month postnatal on the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy and maternal child abuse at 3 months postnatal. Method: Pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy who visited 1 of 2 antenatal clinics in Tokyo, Japan, were recruited, and asked to complete questionnaires during their pregnancy, and at 1 month and 3 months postnatal, from June 2016 to September 2017. IPV during pregnancy, postnatal depression, mother-to-infant bonding failure, hostile attributions to children's behaviors, and maternal child abuse were evaluated using the Violence Against Women Screen, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, the Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale, the Scale of Mother's Recognition on Child's Behaviors, and ad hoc questions, respectively. Results: The data from 442 participants were used for analyses. The main finding of this study was that hostile attributions to children's behaviors 1 month after birth have a mediating effect on the relationship between IPV during the pregnancy and maternal child abuse 3 months after birth (indirect effect =.06, p =.03). The effects of mother-to-infant bonding failure and postnatal depression were not significant. Conclusions: This study suggests that health interventions focused on assessing and reducing hostile attributions to children's behaviors could prevent maternal child abuse in the postnatal period among abused pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]