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Evidence of active tuberculosis (ATB) in patients with rheumatic diseases are research priorities but limited data from China have been reported. Research targeting patients not taking anti-TNF biologics are especially insufficient. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of ATB in this at-risk population. We conducted a tertiary hospital-based, multi-center, cross-sectional study by using stratified multi-stage cluster sampling strategy to screen ATB in patients with rheumatic diseases. We estimated the prevalence of ATB in patients with rheumatic diseases and identified risk factors among those who were not taking anti-TNF biologic. A total of 13,550 patients with rheumatic diseases were enrolled, and the result showed the standardized prevalence of ATB according to the composition ratio of various types of rheumatic disease was 882/100000 (95% confidence interval (CI): 706-1057). Multivariable logistic regression analysis in patients not taking anti-TNF biologics showed that the independent risk factors of ATB were having systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (OR=2.722, 95% CI: 1.437-5.159, p=0.002), having Behcet's disease (BD) (OR= 5.261, 95% CI: 2.071-13.365, p

to investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) in Kazak population in Fuhai county, Xinjiang Aletai area.A randomized cross-sectional cluster sampling was performed in Kazaks in Fuhai. A total of 2 006 inhabitants were investigated by household survey. The questionnaires were completed for general performance, past illness history and family history. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure were measured and recorded. Fasting blood samples were collected for serum uric acid and other biochemical tests.(1) Finally a total of 1 921 Kazaks were enrolled.The serum uric acid level in Kazaks in Fuhai was (234.11 ± 82.56) μmol/L, which was higher in males (287.48 ± 80.27) μmol/L than that in females (201.03 ± 64.74) μmol/L (P0.001). In HUA group, serum uric acid level also had significant difference between men and women [(498.93 ± 130.24) μmol/L vs (471.20 ± 167.71) μmol/L; P = 0.044]. (2) the prevalence of HUA in Kazak general population was 2.97% (57/1 921). After standardization according to the natural population survey in 2000, the standardized rate in general group was 3.34%, in which the prevalence in males (4.76%, standardized rate was 4.64%) was higher than that in females (1.85%, standardized rate was 1.88%) (P0.001). There was no gout found in 1 921 Kazaks in Fuhan when the study was taken. (3) Cohorts of different dietary habit ( who preferred vegetable or meat or both of them) who had drunk alcohol had higher prevalence of HUA than those with vegetarian diet without alcohol group (7.69%, 5.66% and 5.62% vs 0.78%; all P0.05). The cohort who preferred animal food with alcohol had higher prevalence of HUA than those who preferred both vegetable and meat without alcohol (5.66% vs 5.62%; P = 0.009). (4) In men, those who had stable career, higher degree of education, regular income, had higher HUA prevalence than other cohorts. (5) people with HUA had higher plasma TC, TG, LDL, urea nitrogen and creatinine levels, higher blood pressure and higher BMI.The prevalence of HUA was lower in Kazaks in Fuhai than that in other areas in China. Males were more susceptible to HUA. diet, occupation, educational background and economic status may partly affect the prevalence of HUA in Kazaks in Fuhai.