Search

Copyright of Collegium Antropologicum is the property of Croatian Anthropological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

For the first time in the modern era, the most powerful state in the world -- which is supposed to become China -- will not be one of the West and will be one with very different civilization roots. In the West, there is a widespread assumption that as countries modernize, they also westernize, but on the Chinese case, this is an illusion. At the same time, there is an assumption that modernity is a simple product of competition, markets and technology. But that's not the case. Modernity is equally shaped by history and culture. China is not like the West nor will it become like this. It will remain fundamentally different in many aspects. The question is how can we try to understand what China is? In this regard, the problem we face in the West is that there is a conventional approach on China by which we understand it through western terms, using western ideas. What is clear is that using western concepts we can not understand anything about this state. The world can be understood and interpreted only within particular cultural and linguistic framework. Each state owns specific lenses through which it perceives the world and so is China. We need to be very objective and seek getting a sense of the shades which make China being Chinese. There is a specific Chinese identity and strategic culture we need to discover and try to understand it in order to make clear what truly represents the nowadays Chinese doctrine and also how the future may be shaped. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's 13th Five-Year Plan, launched in March 2016, provides a sound policy platform for the protection of marine ecosystems and the restoration of capture fisheries within China's exclusive economic zone. What distinguishes China among many other countries striving for marine fisheries reform is its size--accounting for almost one-fifth of global catch volume--and the unique cultural context of its economic and resource management. In this paper, we trace the history of Chinese government priorities, policies, and outcomes related to marine fisheries since the 1978 Economic Reform, and examine how the current leadership's agenda for "ecological civilization" could successfully transform marine resource management in the coming years. We show how China, like many other countries, has experienced a decline in the average trophic level of its capture fisheries during the past few decades, and how its policy design, implementation, and enforcement have influenced the status of its wild fish stocks. To reverse the trend in declining fish stocks, the government is introducing a series of new programs for sustainable fisheries and aquaculture, with greater traceability and accountability in marine resource management and area controls on coastal development. As impressive as these new plans are on paper, we conclude that serious institutional reforms will be needed to achieve a true paradigm shift in marine fisheries management in China. In particular, we recommend new institutions for science-based fisheries management, secure fishing access, policy consistency across provinces, educational programs for fisheries managers, and increasing public access to scientific data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the mid-1980s, social work, which had been practised in China in the years before 1949, was reintroduced as a newly imported social discipline. Like many other imported social ideas and practices, such as the free market, it was not well-adapted to the socialist ideology of China and, therefore, was required to exhibit 'Chinese characteristics', (a term proposed by Deng Xiaoping to justify the economic reform in the early 1980s). In this paper, we first examine the discourse relating to Chinese characteristics in selected social work literature published in China. Then we report the findings of a qualitative study of 32 social work graduating students to gain an empirical understanding of these students' perception of the Chinese characteristics of social work. The implications of social work development in China and international social work are also discussed. 在20世纪80年代中期，社会工作在中国再度恢复了在社会科学中的学科地位。正如许多其它外来的思想和实践方法，如自由市场等概念一样，都没有被调整以适应“中国特色”的社会主义意识形态（(此概念在20世纪80年代初由邓小平提出)。在本文中，作者首先根据一些在中国出版的中文文献，研究有关中国社会工作特色的论述。然后，作者通过对32名社会工作毕业生的定质研究去了解这些学生对中国社会工作特色的看法。本文也讨论了中国社会工作发展对国际社会工作的影响与含义。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]