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Objective Sarcopenic obesity is a prevalent geriatric syndrome, characterized by concurrence of sarcopenia and obesity. Sleep duration is linked to both obesity and sarcopenia. However, little was known regarding the association of sleep duration with sarcopenic obesity. In this study, we aimed to examine the association of sleep duration with sarcopenic obesity in multi-ethnic community-dwelling older adults. Methods Sarcopenia was defined according to the criteria established by Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019. Obesity was defined as body fat percentage above the 60th percentile specified by sex. Sarcopenic obesity was defined as concurrence of obesity and sarcopenia. Sleep duration was collected by a self-reported questionnaire and was further divided into 5 groups: “ Results 2256 multi-ethnic adults aged 60 and over from the West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study were involved for present study. Overall, 6.25% of the participants were classified as sarcopenic obesity. In the fully adjusted model, long sleep duration (≥ 9 h) was significantly associated with sarcopenic obesity compared with reference group (OR = 1.81, 95%CI = 1.10–2.98, P = 0.019). However, in subgroup analysis, this association can only be observed in male (OR 1.98, 95% CI = 1.02–3.87, P = 0.043) not in female (OR = 1.83, 95%CI = 0.85–3.94, P = 0.118). Regarding ethnic difference, Han older adults with long sleep duration (≥ 9 h) presented increased risk of sarcopenic obesity while ethnic minorities did not. Conclusion This study disclosed that long sleep duration significantly increased the risk of sarcopenic obesity among older adults. And our findings highlight the critical role of assessing sleep duration to identify individuals at risk of sarcopenic obesity.

Two extremely halophilic archaea, designated YIM 90917 and YIM 93656(T), were isolated from saline soils in Yunnan province and Lup nur region in Xinjiang province, western China, respectively. Colonies of the two strains were observed to be pink-pigmented. The cells were found to be Gram-stain negative, coccoid and non-motile. The organisms were found to be aerobic and could grow in an NaCl range of 6-35 % (optimum 18 %), temperatures ranging from 25 to 50 °C (optimum 37-42 °C), pH range from 6.0-8.5 (optimum pH 7.0-7.5) and Mg(2+) range from 0 to 1.5 M (optimum 0.5-1.0 M); Mg(2+) was not necessary for growth. Cells were not observed to lyse in distilled water. Strains YIM 90917 and YIM 93656(T) showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to Haladaptatus cibarius JCM 15962(T) (97.6 and 97.9 %, respectively). In addition, the DNA-DNA hybridizations of strains YIM 90917 and YIM 93656(T) with type strains H. cibarius JCM 15962(T), Haladaptatus litoreus JCM 15771(T) and Haladaptatus paucihalophilus JCM 13897(T) were 37.2 and 38.2 %, 36.6 and 39.0 % and 27.9 and 27.7 %, respectively. The DNA G+C contents of strains YIM 90917 and YIM 93656(T) were determined to be 56.0 and 57.4 mol%. The major polar lipids of the two strains were identified as phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, phosphatidylglycerol sulfate, sulfated mannosyl glucosyl diether and other four unidentified glycolipids. On the basis of physiological, chemotaxonomic data and phylogenetic analysis, the strains YIM 90917 and YIM 93656(T) can be classified as a novel species of the genus Haladaptatus, for which the name Haladaptatus pallidirubidus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 93656(T) (=JCM 17504(T) = CCTCC AB2010454(T)).

A case study of changes in the pattern of land use was undertaken to describe the impact of land-use policy reform, rapid industrialisation and urbanisation in an arid area with particular reference to the Fukang County of the Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region of western China, in the Tianshan Mountains region, between 1971 and 2006. Information was obtained from a range of sources on changes in the consumption of products and related to changes in their area of production since little exchange of crop and animal products occurred outside the County particularly during the earlier part of the period in the light of the traditional self-sufficiency in inland undeveloped counties of western China. It was found that an unrestrained boom in the consumption of energy resources and animal products to promote economic activity and to increase the standard of living of humans led to a rapidly increased production from land resources. However, continuously expanding resource consumption quickly crossed the threshold of land ecosystem rehabilitation and caused unsustainable land-use patterns, especially in the transitional grassland–cropland area. The study demonstrated that grazing land is exposed to more ecological risks than cropland and forestland, not only due to enormously expanding requirements for and decreasing supply of grazing land but also Kazak herdsmen’s inability to cope with the management of change in the use of the grassland resource largely because of their poor economic status, lack of knowledge, passive response to rapid industrialisation and urbanisation, and some cultural conflicts.