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Chitosan (CS) and pea protein isolate (PPI) were used as raw materials to prepare nanoparticles. The structures and functional properties of the nanoparticles with three ratios (1:1, 1:2 1:3, CS:PPI) were evaluated. The particle sizes of chitosan-pea protein isolate (CS-PPI) nanoparticles with the ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 were 802.95 ± 71.94, 807.10 ± 86.22, and 767.75 ± 110.10 nm, respectively, and there were no significant differences. Through the analysis of turbidity, endogenous fluorescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the interaction between CS and PPI was mainly caused by electrostatic mutual attraction and hydrogen bonding. In terms of interface properties, the contact angles of nanoparticles with the ratio of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 were 119.2°, 112.3°, and 107.0°, respectively. The emulsifying activity (EAI) of the nanoparticles was related to the proportion of protein. The nanoparticle with the ratio of 1:1 had the highest potential and the best thermal stability. From the observation of their morphology by transmission electron microscopy, it could be seen that the nanoparticles with a ratio of 1:3 were the closest to spherical. This study provides a theoretical basis for the design of CS-PPI nanoparticles and their applications in promoting emulsion stabilization and the delivery of active substances using emulsions.

A novel cheap and simple amperometric glucose biosensor, based on the electrode modified with the Ni/Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoflakes and chitosan (CHT), without glucose oxidase, is presented. The glucose biosensor based on monodispersed high active Ni/Al-LDH nanoflakes and CHT exhibits an appropriate linear range of 0.01-10mM and good operational stability. The amperometric sensor shows a rapid response at the potential value 0.48V. In addition, optimization of the biosensor construction, the effects of the applied potential, the scan rate as well as common interfering compounds on the amperometric response and human serum samples analysis of the sensor were investigated and discussed.