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Objective: To determine the prevalence of patterns of CKD-MBD in dialysis patients at a tertiary care hospital and analyze its relationship with various socio demographic factors. Study Design: Analytical cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Jul 2017 to Dec 2017. Methodology: The sample population comprised of 100 patients undergoing hemodialysis and blood samples of calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase and intact PTH were obtained from these patients. CKD-MBD was classified on the basis of biochemical abnormalities and their relationship with age, gender, marital status, smoking history, dialysis count per week, dialysis duration was assessed. Results: Out of 82 patients consisting of 62 males and 20 females, the mean age was 49.8 ± 16 years, 68% of dialysis patients had biochemical abnormalities of which 73% showing high turn over bone disease and 26.8% showing low turnover bone disease (adynamic and osteomalacia). After applying the logistic regression we found that age, gender, dialysis vintage and other socio-demograhic factors had no significant association with the CKD-MBD subtypes. Conclusion: Biochemical abnormalities although common in dialysis patients but the sturdy interconnection between them is still shrouded in disputation. Special consideration should be remunerated to the dialysis population with different spectrum of CKD-MBD as propitious management can procrastinate the progression of CKD and eventually paring down the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the prevalence of hyperuricemia in predialysis CKD patients in a tertiary care hospital and analyze its relationship with various socio-demographic factors. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, from 1st Jun 2017 30th Nov 2017. Material and Methods: The sample population comprised of 200 predialysis CKD patients, stage 1-5, of a tertiary care hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Fasting serum uric acid level was obtained from the patients. Relationship of age, gender, education status, marital status, smoking history, dietary history, BMI, eGFR, lipid profile and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) was assessed with the serum uric acid level. Results: Out of 200 patients, 62.5% had hyperuricemia and 37.5% had normal levels. After applying the logistic regression we found that presence of increased systolic blood pressure, raised cholesterol level, increasing age, lowe GFR and smoking history had significant association with the hyperuricemia. Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of hyperuricemia in predialysis CKD patients. Special consideration should be remunerated to the predialysis CKD population having risk factors like hyperlipidemia, high systolic blood pressure along with hyperuricemia as propitious management can procrastinate the progression of CKD and eventually paring down the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the prevalence and association of cognitive decline among the patients of chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Military Hospital Rawalpindi, between Jul to Dec 2016. Material and Methods: The sample population comprised of patients of chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis at a tertiary care hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Cognitive decline was assessed by using the British Columbia Cognitive Complaints Inventory (BC-CCI). Relationship of age, gender, marital status, psychiatric morbidity, education, occupation, BMI, duration of dialysis, dialysis count per week, level of family income, use of naswar and tobacco smoking was assessed with the presence of cognitive decline. Results: Out of 140 patients screened through BC-CCI, 86.4% showed the presence of cognitive decline while 13.6% had no cognitive decline. After applying the logistic regression we found that psychiatric morbidity and longer duration of dialysis had significant association with the presence of cognitive decline. Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of cognitive decline among the patients of CKD undergoing dialysis. Special attention should be paid to the patients who have some sort of psychiatric morbidity or those who are on dialysis for a longer period of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]