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A sensitivity study is presented to evaluate the influence of different parameters on the simulation of an underground excavation in the Callovo-Oxfordian (COx) argillaceous formation performed in the Meuse/Haute-Marne underground research laboratory. An elasto-viscoplastic constitutive law representing the characteristic behaviour of indurated mudrocks and stiff clays has been employed. It incorporates anisotropy, strain-softening, creep deformations and dependence of permeability on damage. In addition, a non-local formulation, able to simulate localised deformations objectively, has been incorporated in the analyses. The following features affecting the excavation have been studied: initial stress, strength and stiffness anisotropy, strength parameters, hydraulic and hydromechanical parameters, and scale effects. A simulation reported in a companion paper provides the base case for benchmarking. The results are compared in terms of extent and configuration of the excavation fractured zone, vertical and horizontal tunnel convergences, and the development and evolution of pore pressures in the rock. From the comparisons, an enhanced understanding of the hydromechanical mechanisms associated with underground excavations in COx claystone, and other similar argillaceous materials, has been achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the numerical simulation of an underground excavation in the Callovo-Oxfordian argillaceous formation, performed in the Meuse/Haute-Marne underground research laboratory, within the context of deep geological nuclear waste disposal. The constitutive model adopted incorporates a number of characteristic features of the hydromechanical behaviour of the Callovo-Oxfordian claystone, and other indurated clays, including anisotropy and time-dependent deformations. Model parameters have been largely determined from available experimental results. Particular attention has been given to the incorporation of a non-local formulation in order to simulate localised deformations objectively. It is shown that the numerical analysis is able to provide a very satisfactory reproduction of the extent and configuration of the excavation-induced fractured zone, the development of rock displacements and the evolution of water pressures in the rock. The analysis is also able to provide a deeper insight into the mechanisms underlying the generation of water pressures inside the rock mass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A constitutive framework for the simulation of the time-dependent behaviour of soft structured clays has been developed from the combination of a number of existing modelling approaches. The formulation accounts, in a natural way, for time-dependent phenomena such as loading rate dependency, stress relaxation, ageing, and creep deformations under constant load. In addition, the effect of structure is accounted for. To demonstrate the potential of the proposed approach, a specific model based on this framework is described and applied to the simulation of a number of relevant laboratory tests from the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]