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Sodium smectite clays were enriched with ferric ions (Argel-Fe and Volclay-Fe) to convert the surface charge of the clays from negative to positive and to use the clays in the discolouration of a synthetic effluent composed of seven anionic dyes (mixed from tartrazine, Brilliant Blue FCF and amaranth). The iron content increased from 5.99% to 11.02% for Argel-Fe and from 5.39% to 10.54% for Volclay-Fe. The efficiency of the discolouration of the anion dye mixture was evaluated by measuring the absorbance of the mixture at 562 nm, where the band with the greatest intensity was found. The contact time required for the system to reach equilibrium was ~5 min for both adsorbents. The kinetic adsorption data supported a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The experimental data support the dual-site Langmuir-Freundlich isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacities were 88.68 mg g-1 for Argel-Fe and 392.21 mg g-1 for Volclay-Fe. The enrichment of clays with Fe(III) added functionality to the clays and generated adsorbents with rapid adsorption abilities and high discolouration capacities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sodium smectite clays were enriched with ferric ions (Argel-Fe and Volclay-Fe) to convert the surface charge of the clays from negative to positive and to use the clays in the discolouration of a synthetic effluent composed of seven anionic dyes (mixed from tartrazine, Brilliant Blue FCF and amaranth). The iron content increased from 5.99% to 11.02% for Argel-Fe and from 5.39% to 10.54% for Volclay-Fe. The efficiency of the discolouration of the anion dye mixture was evaluated by measuring the absorbance of the mixture at 562 nm, where the band with the greatest intensity was found. The contact time required for the system to reach equilibrium was ~5 min for both adsorbents. The kinetic adsorption data supported a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The experimental data support the dual-site Langmuir-Freundlich isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacities were 88.68 mg g-1 for Argel-Fe and 392.21 mg g-1 for Volclay-Fe. The enrichment of clays with Fe(III) added functionality to the clays and generated adsorbents with rapid adsorption abilities and high discolouration capacities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sodium smectite clays were enriched with ferric ions (Argel-Fe and Volclay-Fe) to convert the surface charge of the clays from negative to positive and to use the clays in the discolouration of a synthetic effluent composed of seven anionic dyes (mixed from tartrazine, Brilliant Blue FCF and amaranth). The iron content increased from 5.99% to 11.02% for Argel-Fe and from 5.39% to 10.54% for Volclay-Fe. The efficiency of the discolouration of the anion dye mixture was evaluated by measuring the absorbance of the mixture at 562 nm, where the band with the greatest intensity was found. The contact time required for the system to reach equilibrium was ~5 min for both adsorbents. The kinetic adsorption data supported a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The experimental data support the dual-site Langmuir-Freundlich isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacities were 88.68 mg g-1 for Argel- Fe and 392.21 mg g-1 for Volclay-Fe. The enrichment of clays with Fe(III) added functionality to the clays and generated adsorbents with rapid adsorption abilities and high discolouration capacities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The sorption reversibility of La and Lu (considered as actinide analogues) onto a set of smectites (bentonite FEBEX; hectorite, HEC; MX80; saponite, SAP; Otay montmorillonite, SCa-3; and Texas montmorillonite, STx-1) was studied to estimate actinide retention by smectites that are candidates for use as engineered barriers in deep geological repositories. The sorption distribution coefficients (K d) and the reversibility parameters (desorption distribution coefficients (K d,des), adjusted distribution coefficients (K d,adj), and desorption rates (R des)) were determined from batch tests in two ionic media: deionized water and Ca 0.02molL−1. The latter simulates possible conditions due to the presence of concrete leachates. The results varied greatly depending on the ionic medium, the lanthanide concentration and the clay structure. The high values of K d,des obtained (up to 1.1×105 and 9.2×104 Lkg−1 for La and Lu in water, and 2.8×104 and 4.1×104 Lkg−1 for La and Lu in the Ca medium) indicate the suitability of the tested smectites for lanthanide (and therefore, actinide) retention. Based on all the data, SCa-3, HEC and FEBEX clays are considered the best choices for water environments, whereas in Ca environments the suitable clays depended on the lanthanide considered. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]