110 results
Search Results
2. A dilemma of gas flaring and venting regulation in Colombia: challenges of reconciling environmental protection and legal stability of investors.
- Author
-
Alarcón-Peña, Andrea, Vargas-Chaves, Iván, and López-Oliva, José
- Abstract
The paper studies the problems brought about by Resolution 40066 of 2022 of the Ministry of Mines and Energy of Colombia, regarding the new requirements it sets up for the flaring and venting of natural gas in Colombia. These requirements, which must be followed by the investing companies, imply an investment in infrastructure and technology that may imply a contractual imbalance and a negative impact on foreign investors. From a documentary analysis method with a systematic and deductive approach, the authors analyze the problematic scenario posed by the resolution and concludes that it is necessary to find a balance between the two legal interests at stake: the environment and free enterprise. As a result, the paper supplies a comprehensive and integrative view of the State's obligation to protect the environment, but also to ensure a stable and predictable legal framework for investments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Entangled collectives: riverine people, landscapes, and emerged infrastructures on a climate change background.
- Author
-
Radaelli, Aline and Menin, Júlia
- Subjects
- *
ELECTRIC lines , *CARGO ships , *NATURAL gas pipelines , *CLIMATE change , *LANDSCAPES - Abstract
This article seeks to discuss the associations elaborated by riverine interlocutors between infrastructures and the landscape in which they occur, within the context of climate change in the Brazilian state of Amazonas. Here, we debate the relational character of infrastructures, and how they act as important markers of river seasonality, landscape, people's existence, and practices from the perspective of the accessed riverine people. This paper's discussion is supported by qualitative data from semi-structured interviews and field notes from two riverine communities in the Amazonas state: Tumbira and Lago do Catalão. Inspired by authors who dialogue with Social Studies of Science and Technology and discuss infrastructures, their effects, their relational and ontological character, we seek to identify entanglements of landscape and infrastructure, and their implications in the practices and ways of living of riverine Amazonian people. Elements such as gas pipelines, power transmission lines, hydroelectric plants, cargo ships, and highways emerge, affect, and are affected in these entangled landscapes in the eyes of the riverine people. They merge with other entanglements such as the rivers and creeks that perform the riverine landscape and life. Thus, they induce reflections on such relationships and the affectations permeated by fears, wishes, and (dis)trust of their operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Governança da mudança climática global na Amazônia brasileira: o caso dos municípios amazonenses no Brasil
- Author
-
Cristina Yumie Aoki Inoue
- Subjects
History ,Amazon rainforest ,Natural resource economics ,Amazonian ,Corporate governance ,Global warming ,Climate change ,lcsh:International relations ,lcsh:Political science ,governança do clima global ,Brazilian Amazon ,Pulp and paper industry ,Amazônia brasileira ,Geography ,climate change ,Climate governance ,Political Science and International Relations ,governance of global climate ,mudança climática ,lcsh:J ,lcsh:JZ2-6530 - Abstract
With regards to the debate about governance of climate change, it should be assumed that the Amazon region plays an important role, as this large area is highly vulnerable to its effects. In this sense, this article aims to discuss how some Amazonian municipalities of Brazil have been taking part in the complexes and multilayered processes of climate governance. Com relação ao debate sobre a governança climática global, assume-se que a região amazônica deve desempenhar um importante papel, já que essa grande área é altamente vulnerável aos seus efeitos. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir como que alguns municípios brasileiros têm participado dos complexos e multivariados processos de governança climática.
- Published
- 2012
5. Los enfoques de género e infancia en el ordenamiento territorial local desde una aproximación dogmática jurídica.
- Author
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Vásquez Santamaría, Jorge Eduardo and Estrada Jaramillo, Lina Marcela
- Subjects
EMERGENCY management ,CLIMATE change ,GENDER - Abstract
Copyright of Prolegómenos Derechos y Valores is the property of Prolegomenos Derechos y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Análisis de algunas ideas alternativas relacionadas con el cambio climático.
- Author
-
Carrascosa-Alís, Jaime, Martínez-Sala, Salvador, Sánchez, Manuel-Alonso, and Ruiz-Ruiz, Juan-José
- Subjects
- *
TEACHER training , *COMPULSORY education , *SECONDARY education , *OZONE layer , *CURRICULUM , *CLIMATE change - Abstract
Currently, many studies are already available on people's theoretical knowledge about climate change. The results of some of these studies show the existence of serious confusion regarding certain phenomena and basic concepts of great importance, even despite the fact that, in recent years, the problem regarding climate change has become increasingly relevant in different media, and it is also present in school curricula as a fundamental part of Education for Sustainability. Some of these confusions constitute true alternative ideas. This paper first analyses the incidence and strength of five of these ideas in students of Compulsory Secondary Education (CSE) and in various groups of teachers in training. Then, a didactic proposal is made to achieve change in one of those ideas, which involves various concepts and principles of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Cambios de uso del suelo e inundaciones en espacios urbanos en Uruguay: tres casos de estudio.
- Author
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Schön, Feline and Achkar, Marcel
- Subjects
- *
RAINFALL , *GEOGRAPHIC information systems , *LAND use , *CITIES & towns , *CLIMATE change - Abstract
In this paper, three case studies are analyzed in Uruguay at the basin level, to identify the factors that favor the flood phenomenon. Transformations in land use and eventually climate change are considered. Over a 30-year period, land use modifications were evaluated using a Geographic Information System, and the variability of rainfall and river levels was analyzed. The three basins show completely different behavior from their land use change, and show increasing trends in rainfall over the period analyzed. It is evident that land use change is one of the most influential factors in the increase of flooding in urban areas. These transformations are mostly related to the exploitation of soil for the generation of commodities for export and generate modifications in the agrarian territories in Uruguay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. The Post-Political Link Between Gender and Climate Change: The Case of the Nationally Determined Contributions Support Programme.
- Author
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Ruiz, Felipe Jaramillo and Vallejo, Juan Pablo
- Subjects
- *
CLIMATE change , *FEMINISM , *GENDER differences (Psychology) , *ECOFEMINISM - Abstract
This paper interrogates to what extent the gender component of the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) Support Programme of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) reaffirms the post-political condition of climate change. By analysing the incorporation of gender in the NDC Support Programme and its articulation in Colombia's Low-Carbon Development Strategy, the study exposes the strategic, epistemological, and normative risks of advancing feminist ideas within mainstream institutional frameworks. Thus, this paper shows the opportunities and challenges of dislocating the political and epistemological boundaries of climate change policies by promoting feminist ideas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Potential impacts of climate change on agriculture and the economy in different regions of Brazil.
- Author
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Vieira dos Santos, Cárliton, Fortes de Oliveira, Aryeverton, and Bento de Souza Ferreira Filho, Joaquim
- Subjects
CLIMATE change ,AGRICULTURE ,SOCIOECONOMICS ,SOYBEAN ,GROSS domestic product - Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. O ACORDO VERDE PARA A AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA.
- Author
-
Pinheiro Braga, Erwin Di Tarso and Alcântara Alencar, Douglas
- Abstract
The fast climate change that is felt on the planet, evidenced by the unsustainable scenario of waste generated by the current sources and loss of biodiversity, shows the necessity of changes in the energetic and material sources. Within the scope of these discussions, the Amazon is always seen as a crucial point. In this scenario, this paper proposes a green accord for the Brazilian Amazon. Therefore, it is analyzed the preservation of the Amazon, the contextualization of the necessity of changes on the economy and the Modern Monetary Theory as supportive of this governance of economic transition, placed per suggestions and proposals in that green accord. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Climate Politics and the Crisis of the Liberal International Order.
- Author
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Leal Albuquerque, Felipe
- Subjects
- *
INTERNATIONAL organization , *CLIMATE change , *PRACTICAL politics , *CRISES - Abstract
The election of Donald Trump brought disarray to the climate change regime. The changes in what was up to then a promoter of the liberal international order (LIO) exacerbated existing tensions while creating new ones. This paper investigates how that challenge impacted the behaviours of Brazil, China and the European Union (EU) by comparatively analysing their dissimilar positions with respect to three indicators before and after Trump's coming into power. These indicators are individual pledges and climate-related policies; approaches to climate finance; and the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities (CBDR-RC). The analysis first shows how the US started eroding the broader LIO and the climate change regime to then delve into the behaviours of the three respective key players concerning climate talks. I sustain that the EU, despite its inner divisions, is already counteracting Washington, whereas China is combining a pro-status quo position based on a rhetorical condemnation of the United States. Brazil, in turn, had a transition towards a climate-sceptic government, shifting from being a cooperative actor to abdicating hosting the COP25. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Local effects of global climate on a small rodent Necromys lasiurus.
- Author
-
Magnusson, William, Rosa, Clarissa, Layme, Viviane Maria Guedes, Ghizoni, Ivo Rohling, and Lima, Albertina Pimentel
- Subjects
- *
SOUTHERN oscillation , *RODENTS , *ANIMAL populations , *POPULATION dynamics , *CLIMATE change - Abstract
Global climate drivers often have strong effects on the carrying capacity of animal populations, but little is known about how effects differ between regional and local scales. In this paper we evaluated how climate variables were correlated with regional and local fluctuations of a small rodent, Necromys lasiurus , in an Amazonian savanna. Between 2000 and 2019, we evaluated the temporal variation in abundance of N. lasiurus in eight 4.0-ha plots separated by 0.8 – 10.6 km. Using generalized linear mixed models, we found that, at a regional scale, the abundance of rodents captured was positively associated with the abundance in the prior year, but had little relationship with the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), which had been shown to affect rats in a single plot in a previous study. However, variation in densities among years was coordinated among some plots, leading to patchiness in population dynamics. Based on the patterns of density fluctuations, the plots formed three clusters. Analyses based on these clusters indicated that only one was strongly affected by SOI, as in the previous study. The differences in the effects of global climate drivers on populations of a single species in relatively homogeneous habitat indicate that predictions about the effects of climate change should be based on simultaneous studies in a variety of sites or they may lead to spurious relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. ATUAÇÃO DA PETROBRAS NOGERENCIAMENTO DA CADEIA DE SUPRIMENTO PARA A USINA DE BIODIESEL DE QUIXADÁ.
- Author
-
Sá de Abreu, Mônica Cavalcanti, Pedrozo, Eugênio Ávila, and da Silva, Tania Nunes
- Abstract
Copyright of Organizações Rurais & Agroindustriais is the property of Organizacoes Rurais & Agroindustriais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
14. SUSTAINABILITY RESEARCH: A GROUNDED THEORY APPROACH IN THE FIELD OF CLIMATE CHANGE.
- Author
-
Pinsky, Vanessa C., Kruglianskas, Isak, ni Gomes, Clandia Maffi, and Rezaee, Amir
- Subjects
- *
CLIMATE change research , *GROUNDED theory , *CLIMATE change , *SCIENTIFIC literature , *HUMAN behavior ,DEVELOPING countries - Abstract
Climate change is a complex and uncertain global problem because it is driven by human behavior, with long-term climate-related risks for natural and human systems. Changes in human behavior, financing flow, policy instruments, and multilevel governance are needed for mitigating and managing major climate risks. Understanding the social dimensions of climate change is, quite literally, a hot topic to be studied. Most of the scientific literature in the field is focused on the 'hard science'. Different methods of theory building are used in applied social sciences. However, the use of the grounded theory approach in sustainability research, specially on 'soft science' in the fi eld of climate change, is scarce. The intent of this paper is to discussion the use of the grounded theory method in an emergent research fi eld that combines governance and climate change. The article presents substantive results of an emerging theoretical framework that explain the governance process of REDD+ in Brazil, an United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) climate fi nance mechanism focused on mitigating forest-related emissions in developing countries. Instead of discussing best procedures and techniques to build grounded theory, which are largely accessed through several peer-reviewed publications, our focus is to provide a practical guide and discuss lessons learned from the fi eld to integrate the 'REDD+ Governance Theoretical Framework'. Thus, scholars and graduate students are encourage to test and validate (or not) the emerging theoretical framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. La sociedad y el medio ambiente desde un observatorio de prensa.
- Author
-
GUZMÁN BARNEY, ÁLVARO, AYALA OSORIO, GERMÁN, HURTADO VERA, GUIDO GERMÁN, and URIBE CASTRO, HERNANDO
- Abstract
Copyright of Analecta Política is the property of Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
16. Fighting climate change in the air: lessons from the EU directive on global aviation.
- Author
-
DE PAULA DOMINGOS, NICOLE
- Subjects
- *
GOVERNMENT policy , *EMISSIONS (Air pollution) , *AERONAUTICS & the environment , *GOVERNMENT policy on climate change - Abstract
The European Union's (EU) decision to include aviation into the Emissions Trade Scheme was heatedly contested. Countries around the world, but mainly the Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa group (BRICS) and the US, denounced the EU's initiate as illegal and unilateral. Following a decade of frustrated negotiations at the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), this paper interrogates why such measure, in principle climate-friendly, inspired so much global resentment. I argue that concerns with competitiveness and risks of legal inconsistency are important, but insufficient elements to explain the core of the conflict. The paper suggests that the EU was strongly criticized because third countries perceived this action as an imposed solution, which fostered an environment of distrust. Therefore, I claim that the problem has more to do with a normative divide than with a substantive divergence on what should be done regarding aviation emissions. My analysis is informed by the present literature on the links between trade and climate change, but gives particular weight to first-hand information through interviews with key stakeholders. The paper is divided in three parts. First, it presents the scope of the EU directive in historical perspective. Second, it explores the EU's measure through three different angles: legal, economical and political. The final part explores some possible solutions to overcome these divergences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Planeación de bajo carbono de megalópolis en México.
- Author
-
Hernández-Moreno, Silverio, Hernández-Moreno, José Antonio, and Alcaraz-Vargas, Bianca G.
- Subjects
URBAN planning ,MEGALOPOLIS ,CITIES & towns ,CLIMATE change ,RURAL land use ,URBAN land use ,RURAL geography - Abstract
Copyright of Bitácora Urbano/Territorial is the property of Bitacora Urbano/Territorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. El sector de la salud frente a los desastres y el cambio climático en Cuba.
- Author
-
Ridel, Guillermo Mesa, García, Joel González, Fernández, María Cristina Reyes, Cala, Duniesky Cintra, Rodríguez, Yudix Ferreiro, and Lavastida, José Ernesto Betancourt
- Subjects
- *
CLIMATE change & health , *PLANNED communities , *MEDICAL care , *DISASTERS , *CLIMATE change - Abstract
Due to its impact on human health and its capacity to cause damage, disasters are one of the global problems that most concern the international community. However, and in spite of the efforts made by many health systems, the reduction of vulnerabilities and the lack of strategies to avoid or minimize risks have not received enough attention yet. As Cuba is located in an area of permanent danger of disasters, its health sector has accumulated considerable experience in the management of risks and in the assurance of less risky future scenarios, with active participation of the community and a planned and organized process to address the impact of climate change. This paper summarizes some of these experiences and describes the dangers, vulnerabilities, and risks of disasters in Cuba, its Civil Defense System, and planning and organization in the health sector for disaster reduction, as well as the main effects and challenges of climate change in the health system. Lessons learned and good practices support the key role of human resources to reduce vulnerabilities; the greatest challenges are to avoid or minimize risks, to advance research, to train professionals for climate change, and to optimize the organization of health systems and services in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
19. CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS:THE RIGHT TO DEVELOPMENT, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND THE CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM.
- Author
-
Orellana, Marcos A.
- Subjects
- *
CLIMATE change , *TECHNOLOGY transfer , *HUMAN rights , *SUSTAINABLE development - Abstract
This paper explores the linkages between human rights and the MDGs, international cooperation regarding climate change, and the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). The paper uses criteria of the right to development to analyze CDM. CDM provides a clear example of an international partnership between the global South and the industrialized North to achieve the twin objectives of promoting sustainable development and mitigating climate change. The CDM is thus directly relevant to MDG 8 regarding global partnerships and technology transfer, as well as to the other MDGs directly affected by climate change. In addition, a focus on the CDM also raises issues concerning investments and resource flows, technology transfer, environmental integrity, and the meaning and operationalization of a rights-based approach to development, all of which are central to effective and equitable climate change mitigation and to the attainment of the MDGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
20. Advancing environmental public health in Latin America and the Caribbean
- Author
-
Fred Hauchman and Marcelo Korc
- Subjects
salud ambiental ,equidade em saúde ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Latin Americans ,RC955-962 ,environmental health ,política de salud ,saúde ambiental ,política de saúde ,environment and public health ,Political science ,Environmental health ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,medicine ,Cambio climático ,América ,Special Report ,desarrollo sostenible ,health equity ,Sustainable development ,sustainable development ,Public health ,medio ambiente y salud pública ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,health policy ,meio ambiente e saúde pública ,climate change ,americas ,Medicine ,desenvolvimento sustentável ,equidad en salud ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,Mudança climática ,Américas - Abstract
This paper highlights the important leadership role of the public health sector, working with other governmental sectors and nongovernmental entities, to advance environmental public health in Latin America and the Caribbean toward the achievement of 2030 Sustainable Development Goal 3: Health and Well-Being. The most pressing current and future environmental public health threats are discussed, followed by a brief review of major historical and current international and regional efforts to address these concerns. The paper concludes with a discussion of three major components of a regional environmental public health agenda that responsible parties can undertake to make significant progress toward ensuring the health and well-being of all people throughout Latin America and the Caribbean.En este artículo se destaca el importante papel de liderazgo que tiene el sector de la salud pública, en colaboración con otros sectores gubernamentales y entidades no gubernamentales, en el fomento de la salud pública medioambiental en América Latina y el Caribe con el fin de alcanzar para el 2030 el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible número 3: salud y bienestar. Se abordan las amenazas de salud pública medioambiental actuales y futuras más urgentes, y se presenta una breve revisión de las principales medidas históricas y actuales adoptadas a nivel regional e internacional para abordar estas cuestiones. El artículo finaliza con un análisis de los tres principales componentes de un programa regional de salud pública ambiental que las partes responsables pueden ejecutar para realizar progresos significativos en la garantía de la salud y el bienestar de todos en América Latina y el Caribe.Este artigo destaca o importante papel de liderança do setor de saúde pública, trabalhando com outros setores governamentais e entidades não governamentais, para promover a saúde pública ambiental na América Latina e no Caribe a fim de atingir o Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável 3 para 2030: Saúde e Bem-Estar. São discutidas as ameaças ambientais mais urgentes para a saúde pública, atuais e futuras, seguidas por uma breve revisão dos principais esforços históricos e atuais, internacionais e regionais, para abordar essas preocupações. O artigo conclui com uma discussão de três componentes essenciais de uma agenda regional de saúde pública ambiental que as partes responsáveis podem adotar para avançar significativamente no sentido de garantir a saúde e o bem-estar de todas as pessoas na América Latina e no Caribe.
- Published
- 2021
21. Acuerdo de París 2015, una crítica filosófica y ecológico-política a la modernidad.
- Author
-
García Jiménez, Susana and Núñez Rodríguez, Carlos Juan
- Abstract
The objective of this paper is to start from the political ecology and the philosophy of the liberation, to present a critique to the Agreements of Climatic Change in Paris 2015, given the little or null effectiveness of the environmental policies that are proposed. For this purpose, a critical theoretical essay was carried out on the current capitalist model and its conflicts regarding sustainable development. The methodology used is a critical test to the production-technology contradiction that capitalism poses to civilization and humanity. The results indicate that there are conflicts between the environmental policies specified in said signed climate change agreement, based on their effectiveness for humanity and nature, such as an expanded reproduction of capital vs. life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Brazil, Foreign Policy and Climate Change (1992-2005).
- Author
-
Kiessling, Christopher Kurt
- Subjects
- *
CLIMATE change , *INTERNATIONAL relations , *NON-state actors (International relations) , *GOVERNMENT policy on climate change ,BRAZILIAN foreign relations, 1985- ,UNITED Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992) - Abstract
Since the emergence of the environmental agenda in the global arena, Brazil has maintained an active position in the debates around this topic. Although Brazil has always been a protagonist, its foreign policy has shown some changes in relation to addressing climate change in recent years. Likewise, the modalities under which this issue has been framed as a problem since 1992 are fundamentally important to interpreting the Brazilian position in international negotiations and the changes in them over the years. The objective of the following article is to understand the discursive framework on which the foreign policy of climate change in Brazil was structured from a constructivist standpoint on International Relations. Using this approach, this article studies both the international influences and the internal conditions of Brazilian climate policy in the negotiations of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The main sources of this research are semi-structured interviews with state and non-state actors in Brazil, complemented with a review of secondary sources such as official documents and academic papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. What Shapes Colombia's Foreign Position on Climate Change?
- Author
-
Bustos, María Camila
- Subjects
- *
ENVIRONMENTAL policy , *CLIMATE change , *INTERNATIONAL cooperation , *ABATEMENT (Atmospheric chemistry) ,DEVELOPING countries - Abstract
Colombia presents a revealing and much needed case study which helps us to understand the formulation of foreign policy on climate change in rising developing countries. This paper analyzes the main factors which shape Colombia's position, and provides useful insights into the evolution of the country's international stance on climate change and the role in it of the bargaining among government agencies and interest groups. It concludes that Colombia's policy has been governed by its institutional structure, ecological vulnerability, emission abatement costs, wish to enhance its global prestige and seek benefits from international cooperation, strategic aims at the United Nations climate negotiations, and the limited influence of domestic pressure groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. CONSIDERACIONES ÉTICAS Y AMBIENTALES EN EL PROCESO DE ACIDIFICACIÓN OCEÁNICA.
- Author
-
de Jesús Gil-Luna, Nelson
- Abstract
Ocean acidification is a growing problem that affects global environment. Its effects are detectable now, putting the most extensive water resource on the planet at risk and influencing the climate changes that can be documented across the globe. This paper analyzes the protection of the sea as a measure to ensure a healthy environment for future generations, guaranteeing a better way of life for them. We present the different principles governing bioethics, and we establish their relationship with the processes of sustainable development and the increase of acidification in the ocean, which affects a large number of communities of scarce resources in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. CONTRIBUCIÓN AL DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE LOCAL DE LOS PROYECTOS MDL EN EL SECTOR DE GENERACIÓN ELÉCTRICA POR BIOMASA: CASO INCAUCA S.A.
- Author
-
VERGARA TAMAYO, CARLOS ANDRÉS and ORTIZ MOTTA, DIANA CAROLINA
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista Facultad de Ciencias Economicas: Investigacion y Reflexion is the property of Revista Facultad de Ciencias Economicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. El sector de la salud frente a los desastres y el cambio climático en Cuba.
- Author
-
Mesa Ridel, Guillermo, González García, Joel, Reyes Fernández, María Cristina, Cintra Cala, Duniesky, Ferreiro Rodríguez, Yudix, and Betancourt Lavastida, José Ernesto
- Subjects
- *
EMERGENCY management , *MEDICAL care , *CIVIL defense , *CLIMATE change , *PUBLIC health , *RISK management in business , *PSYCHOLOGICAL vulnerability - Abstract
Due to its impact on human health and its capacity to cause damage, disasters are one of the global problems that most concern the international community. However, and in spite of the efforts made by many health systems, the reduction of vulnerabilities and the lack of strategies to avoid or minimize risks have not received enough attention yet. As Cuba is located in an area of permanent danger of disasters, its health sector has accumulated considerable experience in the management of risks and in the assurance of less risky future scenarios, with active participation of the community and a planned and organized process to address the impact of climate change. This paper summarizes some of these experiences and describes the dangers, vulnerabilities, and risks of disasters in Cuba, its Civil Defense System, and planning and organization in the health sector for disaster reduction, as well as the main effects and challenges of climate change in the health system. Lessons learned and good practices support the key role of human resources to reduce vulnerabilities; the greatest challenges are to avoid or minimize risks, to advance research, to train professionals for climate change, and to optimize the organization of health systems and services in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Oportunidades e barreiras para políticas locais e subnacionais de enfrentamento das mudanças climáticas em áreas urbanas: evidências de diferentes contextos Opportunities and barriers to local and subnational climate change policies in urban areas: evidences of different contexts
- Author
-
Rafael D'Almeida Martins and Leila da Costa Ferreira
- Subjects
Cidades ,Governos locais ,Mudança climática ,Adaptação ,Mitigação ,Cities ,Local governments ,Climate change ,Adaptation ,Mitigation ,Human ecology. Anthropogeography ,GF1-900 - Abstract
Cidades e áreas urbanas são vulneráveis aos impactos das mudanças climáticas. Governos locais e subnacionais desempenham um papel importante na implementação de políticas públicas de enfrentamento dessas mudanças. Referenciado no debate internacional, este artigo investiga os principais fatores que apoiam, limitam e facilitam a implementação de medidas de mitigação e adaptação às mudanças climáticas em áreas urbanas. Por meio da análise de 38 estudos de caso de diferentes regiões do mundo, busca-se ir além da análise de contextos específicos e realidades restritas, capturando o repertório de estratégias que vem sendo adotado por governos locais e subnacionais de países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento. Identificam-se três grupos de fatores que apoiam e limitam essas ações: recursos e capacidades; conhecimento e informação e instituições e governança.Cities and urban areas are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Subnational and local governments play an important role in implementing public policies to cope with these changes. Referenced in the international debate, this paper investigates the main factors that support, limit and facilitate the implementation of mitigation and adaptation to climate change in urban areas. Through the analysis of 38 case studies from different regions of the world, it seeks to go beyond the analysis of specific contexts and restricted realities, capturing the variety of strategies being adopted by local and subnational governments in developed and developing countries. The paper identifies three groups of factors that support and limit these actions: resources and capacities, knowledge and information and institutions and governance.
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- 2010
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28. Lessons from the Kyoto Protocol Lições do Protocolo de Quioto
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Eliezer Martins Diniz
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Acordo ambiental ,Mudança climática ,Aquecimento global ,Desenvolvimento econômico sustentável ,Environmental agreement ,Climate change ,Global warming ,Sustainable economic development ,Human ecology. Anthropogeography ,GF1-900 - Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to undertake a critical evaluation of the Kyoto Protocol. The evolution of the discussions that produced the final document is sketched through the analysis of official documents of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), relevant papers and material from the press. We also discuss the factors that cast doubts on the continuation and feasibility of the Protocol and the prospects for the post-Kyoto period and a new compromise.O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer uma avaliação crítica do Protocolo de Quioto. Descreve-se inicialmente a evolução das discussões que produziram o documento final, utilizando como fontes documentos oficiais da Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas para Mudança do Clima (CQNUMC), artigos importantes e material jornalístico. Enfatizam-se a seguir os fatores que colocam em dúvida a continuidade e a factibilidade do Protocolo. Discutem-se em último lugar as expectativas para o período pós-Quioto e para um novo acordo.
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- 2007
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29. Ventajas económicas del aprovechamiento del agua lluvia.
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Betancour, Gustavo Sandoval
- Abstract
Copyright of Equidad y Desarrollo is the property of Equidad y Desarrollo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Benthic estuarine communities in Brazil: moving forward to long term studies to assess climate change impacts.
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Bernardino, Angelo Fraga, Pagliosa, Paulo Roberto, Christofoletti, Ronaldo Adriano, Barros, Francisco, Netto, Sergio A., Muniz, Pablo, and da Cunha Lana, Paulo
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BENTHIC ecology ,ESTUARINE ecology ,CLIMATE change ,COASTAL ecology ,ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring - Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Oceanography is the property of Instituto Oceanografico da Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Impacto das mudanças climáticas sobre a leishmaniose no Brasil.
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Soares Mendes, Chrystian, Bragança Coelho, Alexandre, Gustavo Féres, José, Costa de Souza, Elvanio, and Antônio da Cunha, Dênis
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Conservation biology: four decades of problem- and solution-based research
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Wolfgang W. Weisser, Márcio Zikán Cardoso, Gislene Ganade, Demetrio Luis Guadagnin, Johannes Kollmann, Carlos Fonseca, Rafael S. Oliveira, Priscila F. M. Lopes, Jean Paul Metzger, Valério D. Pillar, Johannes Sauer, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Gerhard E. Overbeck, and Gustavo Brant Paterno
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0106 biological sciences ,Ecology ,Natural resource economics ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Invasão biológica ,Biodiversity ,Climate change ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Quarter (United States coin) ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Proxy (climate) ,ddc ,Fragmentação ambiental ,Overexploitation ,Habitat destruction ,Geography ,Order (exchange) ,Conservation biology ,PERIÓDICOS CIENTÍFICOS ,Mudança climática ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Abstract
Conservation biology is designed to identify pressing environmental problems and to solve them. This review evaluates the relative effort of conservation biology in problem-based and solution-based research, and tests whether or not this has changed in the past decades for five major drivers of biodiversity loss, i.e. habitat loss and fragmentation, overexploitation, biological invasion, pollution, and climate change. By randomly sampling papers from four decades of the conservation literature (1980–2019), we estimated the frequency of solution-based research related to the five biodiversity loss drivers. We also estimated how the ratio of the words ‘problem’ and ‘solution’ has changed over time, as a proxy for discourse bias. We found that a quarter of the scientific papers on conservation constitute solution-based research, while three-quarters were classified as problem-based. Temporal analyses showed that the proportion of solution-based papers increased along the four decades, from 0.18 to 0.30, mostly due to research on effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and overexploitation. The solution-to-problem word ratio increased steadily, from almost zero in the 1980s to 0.60 in 2019. Significant increases occurred for all drivers of biodiversity loss, indicating an important temporal change in conservation discourse and concerns. We propose that, in order to be more effective against the biodiversity crisis, conservation science should expand the solution-based agenda by active changes in graduate education, research choice, research funding priority, editorial emphasis, and media coverage that can produce desired impacts on conservation practice, public perception, and environmental policies.
- Published
- 2021
33. Perfil regional e setorial das emissões brasileiras de gases de efeito estufa entre 1990 e 2017
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Sereno, Luiz Gustavo Fernandes and Andrade, Daniel Caixeta
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Especificidades regionais ,Governança ambiental ,Acordo de paris ,Climate change ,Paris agreement ,Regiões brasileiras ,Mudança climática ,Regional specificities ,Brazilian regions ,Environmental governance - Abstract
O presente trabalho buscou salientar as diferenças regionais das emissões de Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE) no Brasil entre 1990 e 2017. A partir de uma análise descritiva dos dados de emissões de GEE em toneladas equivalentes de CO2GTP, observa-se uma redução nas emissões em nível nacional para todo o período, especificamente guiada pelo desempenho do setor de mudanças no uso da terra. Destaca-se a importância do desempenho deste setor para as regiões Norte (NO) e Centro-Oeste (CO),sobretudo entre 2004 e 2009. O Sudeste (SE) sobressai-se como a única região cujas emissões não se encontram predominantemente no setor de mudanças no uso da terra. Todavia, nesta região há forte crescimento no setor de energia relacionado às atividades de extração mineral. Há, ainda, tendência de homogeneização das emissões entre as regiões e os setores de emissão, muito embora o principal setor permaneça como sendo o de mudanças no uso da terra. Por fim, o trabalho alerta para uma reversão da tendência de níveis mais baixos de emissão com um enfraquecimento da legislação ambiental. The present paper is aimed at highlighting the regional differences in greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in Brazil between 1990 and 2017. From a descriptive analysis of the GHG emissions data in tons of CO2equivalent GTP, a reduction in the total period was observed, specifically driven by the performance of the land use change sector. The importance of the sector's performance for the North (NO) and Center-West (CO) regions is highlighted, especially between 2004 and 2009. The Southeast (SE) stands out as the only region whose emissions are not predominantly in this sector and shows a strong growth in the energy sector related to mineral extraction activities. There is also a trend towards the homogenization of emissions among the regions and the emission sectors, even though the main sector remains as land use change. Finally, this paper shows a concern about the reversal of the trend of lower emission levels with a weakening of environmental legislation.
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- 2020
34. Evolução da adaptação à mudança climática na agenda da ONU: vinte anos de avanços e descaminhos.
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Lindoso, Diego and Araújo Maria, Joana
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- *
SUSTAINABLE development , *CLIMATE change , *BIOLOGICAL adaptation ,UNITED Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992) ,DEVELOPING countries environmental conditions - Abstract
Climate change, one of the main global risks humankind is currently facing, became a relevant issue on the international agenda in the last few decades. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), adopted in 1992, includes both mitigation and adaptation strategies; however, though both are considered equally important, adaptation has been historically relegated to a secondary role within the Convention. The paper first presents an overview of the trajectory of adaptation as a UNFCCC guideline, discusses its institutional evolution and the Convention’s financing mechanisms, and, finally, explores the relations between adaptation and development. The conclusions point to the insufficiency of the Convention with respect to the implementation of measures for adaptation to climate change, but highlight its relevant role as a scenario for debate, as a source of funding, and as a promoter of both national and subnational actions, especially in developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
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35. NO LIMIAR DA QUARTA REVOLUÇÃO INDUSTRIAL: INICIATIVAS PARA SUSTENTABILIDADE POR EMPRESAS LÍDERES DO SETOR AUTOMOTIVO RUMO À NOVA ECONOMIA.
- Author
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Farias, Christiano Alves, Neto, João Zaleski, Zulietti, Luis Fernando, and Ruggiero, Sérgio
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Administração FACES Journal is the property of Revista de Administracao FACES Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
36. Estudo de Caso: Nação mais Favorecida e Tratamento Nacional no ga tt e ga ts e o Tratamento Tributário Diferenciado como Política Nacional sobre Mudança Climática no Brasil.
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Rodrigues, Mônica
- Subjects
- *
INTERNATIONAL relations , *CLIMATE change , *TAXATION , *TARIFF , *ECONOMIC policy - Abstract
In order to address Climate Change in Brazil, the Bill 493/09 (plp 493/09) proposes the adoption of a differential tax and tariff treatment for products and services based on co2 emissions. This paper analyses the consistency of Differential Tax Treatment in Brazil and the Principle of Non Discrimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
37. Anthony Giddens e as políticas da mudança climática.
- Author
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Raizer, Leandro
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GREEN movement ,CLIMATE change ,MODERNIZATION (Social science) ,SOCIOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Sociologias is the property of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Modelo de Mudanças Climáticas com Gastos Públicos.
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Carneiro, Pedro Erik Arruda
- Subjects
- *
CLIMATE change , *PUBLIC spending , *PUBLIC finance , *ENVIRONMENTAL management , *ECONOMIC models - Abstract
In this paper, I mainly analyzed the inclusion of environmental budget in climate change models. Considering Kemfert, Lise and Tol (2004)'s approach to show a formal model that puts together economic and climate issues, I analyzed the inclusion of environmental public spending and energy. I tried to show that countries' economic and physical structures establish different public spending, with different environmental impacts and consequences to another nations and that has strong influence on economic models. In relation to public spending, I considered, specifically, the Brazilian federal budget to Environmental Management from 2000 to 2006. In this article, I argue in defense of considering budget for environmental management in the discussion on climate change [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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39. The evolving and increasing need for climate change research on the oceans
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Luis Valdés, Jacquelynne R. King, Alexander Turra, and Manuel Barange
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0106 biological sciences ,Latin Americans ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Ecology ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Corporate governance ,MUDANÇA CLIMÁTICA ,Climate change ,Commission ,Aquatic Science ,Oceanography ,01 natural sciences ,Effects of global warming ,Environmental protection ,Political science ,Regional science ,Management by objectives ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The 3rd International Symposium on the Effects of Climate Change on the World's Oceans was held in Santos, Brazil, in March 2015, convened by the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES), the North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES), and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO (IOC), and organized locally by the Oceanographic Institute, University of Sao Paulo (IO-USP). The symposium was designed to do two things. First, to get updates on new scientific developments that would address recognized uncertainties that remained from Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report and to contribute to building bridges between research in the natural and social sciences in respect to the human dimensions of climate change, with a focus on coastal communities, management objectives, governance and adaptation measures. The choice of the venue in Santos, Brazil, was aimed to stimulate and widen this thematic discussion in Latin America and southern Atlantic regions, where there still are important knowledge gaps and scientific, politic and societal challenges to be overcome. The meeting was attended by 280 participants from 38 countries, contributing 336 oral and poster presentations. This paper summarizes the main outcomes of the symposium and introduces a number of papers submitted to this special issue.
- Published
- 2016
40. Changement de perspective dans l'économie de la mitigation du changement climatique
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Mora-Motta, Alejandro and León Rodríguez, Nohra
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Changement climatique ,incertidumbre ,desigualdade intergeracional ,tasa de descuento ,sustituibility ,inégalité intergénérationnelle ,taxa de desconto ,intergenerational inequality ,discount rate ,incertitude ,taux de décompte ,inequidad intergeneracional ,Climate change ,sustituibilidad ,soutenabilité ,cambio climático ,uncertainty ,sustentabilidade ,Mudança climática ,incerteza - Abstract
Resumen Este artículo plantea una discusión de las corrientes de la economía que han abordado la relación entre el cambio climático (CC) con el sistema económico. Se realiza un análisis crítico de la economía del bienestar, que ve el CC como una externalidad y se enfoca en el valor presente el bienestar futuro por medio de la tasa social de descuento, y se plantea un giro hacia la economía ecológica, fundamentada en la sostenibilidad fuerte, la incertidumbre irreductible y una base normativa diferente. Con esto, se cuestiona la relevancia del crecimiento del consumo como fundamento del desarrollo. Al final del artículo, se enfatiza sobre la importancia de este giro para la investigación y la evaluación de la política climática. JEL: Q01, Q54, Q56, Q57. Abstract This paper presents a discussion of the economic theories that have addressed the relationship between climate change (CC) and the economic system. The document critically analyses the welfare economics viewpoint, which sees CC as an externality and focuses on the present value of future welfare by using a social discount rate. We propose a shift towards ecological economics, which is founded on strong sustainability, the irreducibility of uncertainty, and a different normative basis. As such, we discuss the relevancy of growth consumption as a fundament for development. The paper concludes by emphasizing the relevance of this shift for climate research and policy evaluation. JEL: Q01, Q54, Q56, Q57. Résumé Cet article propose une discussion sur les courants de l'économie qui ont traité de la relation entre le changement climatique (CC) et le système économique. Il est procédé à une analyse critique de l'économie du bien-être qui voit le CC comme une externalité et pointe la valeur actuelle du bien-être futur au moyen du taux social de décompte, et envisage un virage vers l'économie écologique fondée sur la forte soutenabilité, l'incertitude irréductible et une base normative différente, ce qui remet en question la pertinence de la croissance de la consommation comme base du développement. Pour finir, l'article souligne l'importance de ce virage pour la recherche et l'évaluation de la politique climatique. JEL: Q01, Q54, Q56, Q57. Resumo Este artigo propõe um debate sobre as correntes da economia que têm abordado a relação entre a mudança climática (MC) com o sistema econômico. É feita uma análise crítica da economia do bem-estar, que vê essa mudança como uma externalidade e se centra no valor presente ou bem-estar futuro mediante a taxa social de desconto e é proposta uma virada para a economia ecológica, fundamentada na sustentabilidade forte, a incerteza irredutível e uma base normativa diferente. Com isto, é contestada a relevância do crescimento do consumo como fundamento do desenvolvimento. No final do artigo, dá-se ênfase à importância desta virada para a pesquisa e a avaliação da política climática. JEL: Q01, Q54, Q56, Q57.
- Published
- 2017
41. Acuerdo de París 2015, una crítica filosófica y ecológico-política a la modernidad
- Author
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Susana García Jiménez and Carlos Juan Núñez Rodríguez
- Subjects
cambio climático ,ecología política ,crisis de civilización ,climate change ,political ecology ,civilization crisis ,mudança climática ,ecologia política ,crise da civilização ,Commerce ,HF1-6182 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Este trabajo se plantea a partir la ecología política y la filosofía de la liberación, con el objetivo de presentar una crítica a los Acuerdos de Cambio Climático en París 2015, dada la poca o nula efectividad de las políticas ambientales que se proponen. Para tal fin, se realizó un ensayo teórico crítico al modelo capitalista vigente y sus conflictos frente al desarrollo sostenible. La metodología utilizada es un ensayo crítico a la contradicción producción-tecnología que el capitalismo plantea a la civilización y a la humanidad. Los resultados indican que existen conflictos entre las políticas ambientales especificadas en dicho Acuerdo de Cambio Climático firmado, en función de su efectividad para la humanidad y la naturaleza, como reproducción ampliada del capital versus vida. The objective of this paper is to start from the political ecology and the philosophy of the liberation, to present a critique to the Agreements of Climatic Change in Paris 2015, given the little or null effectiveness of the environmental policies that are proposed. For this purpose, a critical theoretical essay was carried out on the current capitalist model and its conflicts regarding sustainable development. The methodology used is a critical test to the productiontechnology contradiction that capitalism poses to civilization and humanity. The results indicate that there are conflicts between the environmental policies specified in said signed climate change agreement, based on their effectiveness for humanity and nature, such as an expanded reproduction of capital vs. life. O objetivo deste trabalho é partir da ecologia política e da filosofia da libertação, apresentar uma crítica aos Acordos de Mudança Climática em Paris 2015, dada a pouca ou nula eficácia das políticas ambientais propostas. Para este propósito, um ensaio teórico crítico foi realizado sobre o modelo capitalista atual e seus conflitos em relação ao desenvolvimento sustentável. A metodologia utilizada é um teste crítico para a contradição de tecnologia de produção que o capitalismo representa para a civilização e para a humanidade. Os resultados indicam que existem conflitos entre as políticas ambientais especificadas no referido acordo de mudança climática assinado, com base na sua eficácia para a humanidade e a natureza, como uma reprodução ampliada do capital versus vida.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. ATUAÇÃO DA PETROBRAS NO GERENCIAMENTO DA CADEIA DE SUPRIMENTO PARA A USINA DE BIODIESEL DE QUIXADÁ
- Author
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De Abreu, Mônica Cavalcanti Sá, Pedrozo, Eugênio Ávila, and Da Silva, Tania Nunes
- Subjects
Stakeholders ,Biofuel ,Resource /Energy Economics and Policy ,Climate Change ,Supply Chain Management ,Industrial Organization ,Biocombustíveis ,Environmental Economics and Policy ,Biodiesel ,Gerenciamento da Cadeia de Suprimento ,Mudança Climática - Abstract
O Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso do Biodiesel (PNPB) abrange as esferas ambiental, social e econômica, incentivando a participação de empresas no mercado de Biocombustíveis. A Petrobras Biocombustível, uma subsidiária da Petrobras, se insere neste mercado e estabelece relações com diversos stakeholders na cadeia de suprimento. A pesquisa de natureza qualitativa foi conduzida por meio de entrevistas com o Gerente Geral e o Gerente Setorial de Suprimento da Usina de Biodiesel de Quixadá, instalada no Estado do Ceará. O trabalho analisa as premissas que levaram a atuação da Petrobras neste mercado, a representação da cadeia de suprimentos, as ações para integrar a Usina de Quixadá com os agricultores familiares, e os desafios do PNPB. Os resultados mostram que a cadeia de suprimentos não está estruturada e que a Petrobras enfrenta dificuldades logísticas, organizacionais e tecnológicas para viabilizar a produção de biodiesel no Semiárido nordestino. ----- The National Program for Production and Use of Biodiesel (PNPB) involves environmental, social and economic dimensions. It has set incentives to encourage firms and producers to participate in this increasing market. Petrobras Biofuels, a subsidiary of Petrobras, produces biodiesel and has established relationships with various stakeholders, including those in the supply chain. In particular, the paper looks at the production of the plant in Quixada, Ceará State, and its supply chain in the semi-arid Northeast of Brazil. The research was qualitative and conducted through interviews with the General Manager and the Sector Supply Manager of the Quixadá plant. The paper analyses the basic assumptions underlying Petrobras operations in this market; the supply chain structure; actions taken to link Quixadá Biodiesel Plant with family farmers; and the challenges posed by PNPB in the development of the biodiesel market. The results show that the supply chain lacks structure and the company is facing challenges in logistic, technological and organizational areas.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Analysis of Some Alternative Ideas Related to Climate Change
- Author
-
Jaime Carrascosa-Alís, Salvador Martínez-Sala, Manuel Alonso-Sánchez, and Juan-José Ruiz-Ruiz
- Subjects
gases invernadero ,alternative ideas ,sea level rise ,General Medicine ,capa de ozono ,ideias alternativas ,climate change ,elevação do nível do mar ,fusión del hielo flotante ,aumento del nivel del mar ,floating ice melting ,greenhouse gases ,Gases de efeito estufa ,mudança climática ,cambio climático ,ideas alternativas ,derretimento de gelo flutuante ,ozone layer ,camada de ozônio - Abstract
Resumen En la actualidad se dispone ya de muchos estudios acerca del conocimiento teórico sobre el cambio climático que tiene la población. Los resultados de algunos de esos estudios muestran la existencia de graves confusiones respecto a determinados fenómenos y conceptos básicos de gran importancia, ello a pesar de que el problema del cambio climático ha adquirido durante los últimos años una relevancia creciente en distintos medios de comunicación y también se halla presente en los currículos escolares como una parte fundamental de la Educación para la Sostenibilidad. Algunas de dichas confusiones constituyen verdaderas ideas alternativas. En este trabajo se analiza, en primer lugar, la incidencia y la fortaleza de cinco de estas ideas en alumnos de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) y en varios grupos de maestros en formación. Después, se hace una propuesta didáctica para conseguir el cambio de una de esas ideas, que involucra diversos conceptos y principios de Física. Abstract Currently, many studies are already available on people’s theoretical knowledge about climate change. The results of some of these studies show the existence of serious confusion regarding certain phenomena and basic concepts of great importance, even despite the fact that, in recent years, the problem regarding climate change has become increasingly relevant in different media, and it is also present in school curricula as a fundamental part of Education for Sustainability. Some of these confusions constitute true alternative ideas. This paper first analyses the incidence and strength of five of these ideas in students of Compulsory Secondary Education (CSE) and in various groups of teachers in training. Then, a didactic proposal is made to achieve change in one of those ideas, which involves various concepts and principles of Physics. Resumo Atualmente, muitos estudos já estão disponíveis sobre o conhecimento teórico da população sobre as mudanças climáticas. Os resultados de alguns desses estudos mostram a existência de uma séria confusão em relação a certos fenômenos e conceitos básicos de grande importância, apesar de o problema das mudanças climáticas ter adquirido uma relevância crescente em diferentes meios de comunicação nos últimos anos e também estar presente nos currículos escolares como parte fundamental da Educação para a Sustentabilidade. Algumas dessas confusões constituem verdadeiras ideias alternativas. Este artigo analisa, em primeiro lugar, a incidência e a força de cinco dessas ideias em alunos do Ensino Secundário Obrigatório (ESO) e em vários grupos de professores em formação. Em seguida, é feita uma proposta didática para alcançar a mudança de uma dessas ideias, que envolve vários conceitos e princípios da Física.
- Published
- 2022
44. Combatendo a mudança climática nos ares: as lições da diretiva da UE para a aviação global
- Author
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Nicole de Paula Domingos
- Subjects
History ,Aviation ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Aviation Directive ,lcsh:Political science ,International trade ,Politics ,Diretiva de Aviação ,União Europeia ,Political science ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,mudança climática ,European Union ,European union ,media_common ,Distrust ,business.industry ,Civil aviation ,lcsh:International relations ,Directive ,Negotiation ,climate change ,Economy ,Political Science and International Relations ,Environmental impact of aviation ,business ,lcsh:J ,lcsh:JZ2-6530 - Abstract
The European Union's (EU) decision to include aviation into the Emissions Trade Scheme was heatedly contested. Countries around the world, but mainly the Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa group (BRICS) and the US, denounced the EU's initiate as illegal and unilateral. Following a decade of frustrated negotiations at the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), this paper interrogates why such measure, in principle climate-friendly, inspired so much global resentment. I argue that concerns with competitiveness and risks of legal inconsistency are important, but insufficient elements to explain the core of the conflict. The paper suggests that the EU was strongly criticized because third countries perceived this action as an imposed solution, which fostered an environment of distrust. Therefore, I claim that the problem has more to do with a normative divide than with a substantive divergence on what should be done regarding aviation emissions. My analysis is informed by the present literature on the links between trade and climate change, but gives particular weight to first-hand information through interviews with key stakeholders. The paper is divided in three parts. First, it presents the scope of the EU directive in historical perspective. Second, it explores the EU's measure through three different angles: legal, economical and political. The final part explores some possible solutions to overcome these divergences. A decisão da União Europeia (UE) de incluir a aviação no Esquema de Comércio de Emissões - Emissions Trade Scheme (ETS) - foi fortemente contestada. Os países ao redor do mundo, especialmente o grupo Brasil, Rússia, Índia, China e África do Sul (BRICS) e os EUA, denunciaram a iniciativa da UE como ilegal e unilateral. Após uma década de negociações frustradas na Organização da Aviação Civil Internacional (OACI), este artigo questiona por que tal medida, a principio climaticamente amigável, inspirou tanto ressentimento mundial. Defendo que as preocupações com a competitividade e os riscos de inconsistência legal são importantes, mas elementos insuficientes para explicar o cerne do conflito. Este artigo sugere que a UE foi fortemente criticada porque os países terceiros perceberam esta ação como uma solução imposta, que fomentou um ambiente de desconfiança. Portanto, afirmo que o problema tem mais a ver com uma divisão normativa do que com uma divergência substancial sobre o que deveria ser feito com respeito às emissões de aviação. Minha análise tem por base a literatura atual sobre as ligações entre o comércio e a mudança climática, mas também dá particular importância às informações de "primeira mão", através de entrevistas com os principais interessados. O artigo está dividido em três partes. Primeiramente, apresenta-se o escopo das diretivas da UE em uma perspectiva histórica. Segundo, exploram-se as medidas da UE através de três ângulos diferentes: o legal, o econômico e o político. A parte final explora algumas possíveis soluções para superar essas divergências.
- Published
- 2012
45. Seqüestro de carbono florestal: oportunidades e riscos para o Brasil
- Author
-
Chang, Manyu
- Subjects
Seqüestro de carbono ,Global warming ,Climate change ,Mudança climática ,Carbon sink ,Aquecimento global - Abstract
This paper analyses the political and economical meaning of the carbon sequestration policy in the Kyoto Protocol. In Climate Conferences it is observed a trend towards replacing the “command and control”- type environmental management instruments by flexible market mechanisms. The carbon sequestration policy is based on the polluterpays principle, which has a remedying effect instead of a preventive one. The paper also suggests a typology of three types whereby, depending on the concept in each type of project it may benefit different social segments or economic groups in different ways. The analysis also suggests that it is important that the government sets up a framework for these projects and a close follow up so that the market forces do not act as the only determinant. O presente artigo busca analisar o significado político-econômico da política de seqüestro de carbono no Protocolo de Kyoto. Nas conferências de mudança do clima observa-se uma tendência de substituir as políticas de gestão ambiental tipo “comando e controle” por mecanismos de flexibilização que passam pelo mercado. Esta política baseia-se no princípio poluidor-pagador que tem efeito remediador ao invés de preventivo. Sugere-se uma tipologia de três tipos, de forma que, dependendo da concepção de cada tipo, eles podem beneficiar distintos segmentos sociais ou grupos econômicos em diferente medida. Sugere-se também que se faz necessária a definição de diretrizes e monitoramento por parte do governo para que o processo não seja dirigido prioritariamente pelas leis de mercado.
- Published
- 2011
46. Uma revisão crítica sobre cidades e mudança climática: vinho velho em garrafa nova ou um novo paradigma de ação para a governança local?
- Author
-
Martins, Rafael D'Almeida and Ferreira, Leila da Costa
- Subjects
cidades ,governança local ,mitigation ,climate change ,local governance ,mitigação ,cities ,mudança climática ,adaptation ,adaptação - Abstract
A mudança climática e o aquecimento global passaram, em curto espaço de tempo, para o centro do debate público como o maior desafio do século XXI. Este artigo busca apresentar uma revisão crítica sobre a temática das cidades e a mudança climática baseando-se numa análise da literatura internacional e nacional disponível. Ressalta-se que os impactos da mudança climática são esperados em áreas urbanas afetando vários setores do cotidiano das cidades. A evidência empírica mostra que governos locais são fundamentais para implementar políticas públicas relativas à mudança climática. De forma geral, a resposta dada por esses governos concentra-se em ações de mitigação e adaptação. Buscou-se, neste sentido, compreender os processos de urbanização e industrialização como forma de entender a condição e as origens da vulnerabilidade socioambiental urbana no Brasil, bem como alertar para os enormes déficits socioeconômicos e ambientais das cidades brasileiras que tornam políticas públicas e respostas mais urgentes e complicadas. Assim, não se trata de vinho velho em garrafa nova, mas sim da oportunidade não só de corrigir erros do passado, como também transformar as cidades brasileiras para o futuro de forma mais sustentável e justa. Para isso torna-se necessário um maior envolvimento dos estudos em administração pública e gestão local nessa discussão. Climate change and global warming have become the center of public debate as the biggest challenge of the century XXI in a short period of time. This paper aims to present a critical review on the subject of cities and climate change based on an analysis of national and international literature available. It is emphasized that the impacts of climate change are expected in urban areas affecting several sectors of urban life. Empirical evidence shows that local governments are essential to implement policies related to climate change. Overall, the response of cities focuses on mitigation and adaptation. The paper tried to understand the processes of urbanization and industrialization as a way to realize the condition and the origins of urban environmental vulnerability in Brazil, and to alert the large socioeconomic deficits and environmental impacts of Brazilian cities that make policies and responses more urgent and more complicated. Thus, it is not old wine in new bottle, but the opportunity not only to correct past mistakes, but also transform the Brazilian cities for the future in a more sustainable and just manner. For this to happen it is necessary to involve studies in public administration and local governance in these discussions.
- Published
- 2011
47. Oportunidades e barreiras para políticas locais e subnacionais de enfrentamento das mudanças climáticas em áreas urbanas: evidências de diferentes contextos
- Author
-
Martins, Rafael D'Almeida and Ferreira, Leila da Costa
- Subjects
Local governments ,Mitigação ,Mitigation ,Climate change ,Cidades ,Cities ,Adaptation ,Governos locais ,Mudança climática ,Adaptação - Abstract
Cidades e áreas urbanas são vulneráveis aos impactos das mudanças climáticas. Governos locais e subnacionais desempenham um papel importante na implementação de políticas públicas de enfrentamento dessas mudanças. Referenciado no debate internacional, este artigo investiga os principais fatores que apoiam, limitam e facilitam a implementação de medidas de mitigação e adaptação às mudanças climáticas em áreas urbanas. Por meio da análise de 38 estudos de caso de diferentes regiões do mundo, busca-se ir além da análise de contextos específicos e realidades restritas, capturando o repertório de estratégias que vem sendo adotado por governos locais e subnacionais de países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento. Identificam-se três grupos de fatores que apoiam e limitam essas ações: recursos e capacidades; conhecimento e informação e instituições e governança. Cities and urban areas are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Subnational and local governments play an important role in implementing public policies to cope with these changes. Referenced in the international debate, this paper investigates the main factors that support, limit and facilitate the implementation of mitigation and adaptation to climate change in urban areas. Through the analysis of 38 case studies from different regions of the world, it seeks to go beyond the analysis of specific contexts and restricted realities, capturing the variety of strategies being adopted by local and subnational governments in developed and developing countries. The paper identifies three groups of factors that support and limit these actions: resources and capacities, knowledge and information and institutions and governance.
- Published
- 2010
48. Enhancing adaptive capacity to climate change: the case of smallholder farmers in the Brazilian semi-arid region
- Author
-
André Felipe Simões, Emilio Lèbre La Rovere, Maria Regina Maroun, Martin Obermaier, Martha Macedo de Lima Barata, and Débora Cynamon Kligerman
- Subjects
Adaptive capacity ,Poverty ,Political economy of climate change ,business.industry ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Environmental resource management ,Vulnerability ,MUDANÇA CLIMÁTICA ,Developing country ,Climate change ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Arid ,Business ,Adaptation (computer science) ,Environmental planning - Abstract
Climate change is one of the main challenges faced by mankind in this century. Although developing countries have little historical responsibility for climate change, they are likely to be most affected by it since they lack resources to cope with or to adapt to its effects. Studies show that the semi-arid northeast region of Brazil – where the country's poorest populations are concentrated – is one of the most vulnerable to climate change and thus likely to suffer its impacts more severely. The present paper addresses these problems by presenting a concrete initiative for strengthening adaptive capacity in the rural community of Pintadas as a first step in the development of a comprehensive methodology to help smallholder farmers in the region adapt to climate change. Based on the project results this paper highlights the integration of development, adaptive capacity and adaptation strategies. Furthermore, the necessity of vulnerability studies and concrete local experiences is highlighted in order to develop adaptation strategies that can alleviate poverty and minimize climate change impacts for the poor.
- Published
- 2010
49. Lessons from the Kyoto Protocol
- Author
-
Diniz, Eliezer Martins
- Subjects
Global warming ,Acordo ambiental ,Sustainable economic development ,Climate change ,Environmental agreement ,Mudança climática ,Aquecimento global ,Desenvolvimento econômico sustentável - Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to undertake a critical evaluation of the Kyoto Protocol. The evolution of the discussions that produced the final document is sketched through the analysis of official documents of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), relevant papers and material from the press. We also discuss the factors that cast doubts on the continuation and feasibility of the Protocol and the prospects for the post-Kyoto period and a new compromise. O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer uma avaliação crítica do Protocolo de Quioto. Descreve-se inicialmente a evolução das discussões que produziram o documento final, utilizando como fontes documentos oficiais da Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas para Mudança do Clima (CQNUMC), artigos importantes e material jornalístico. Enfatizam-se a seguir os fatores que colocam em dúvida a continuidade e a factibilidade do Protocolo. Discutem-se em último lugar as expectativas para o período pós-Quioto e para um novo acordo.
- Published
- 2007
50. Ética de la responsabilidad en las ciencias sociales: El problema del método praxeológico en el contexto del cambio climático
- Author
-
García Ruiz, José Manuel, Ferreirós Domínguez, José Manuel, Mingo Rodríguez, Alicia María de, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filosofía y Lógica y Filosofía de la Ciencia, and Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Metafísica y Corrientes Actuales de la Filosofía, Ética y Filosofía Política
- Subjects
Planeamento económico ,Ethical Paradigm ,Paradigma ético ,Fosso Promethean ,Climate Change ,Planificación económica ,Promethean Gap ,Collapse ,Desnivel prometeico ,Ethics of Responsibility ,Praxeología ,Praxeology ,Ética da responsabilidade ,Economic Planning ,Ética de la responsabilidad ,Cambio climático ,Mudança climática ,Colapso - Abstract
El cambio climático abre nuevos debates éticos en las distintas disciplinas científicas y no científicas. Considerando estas éticas desde el punto de vista kuhniano, podemos llegar a estudiarlas como paradigmas éticos y comprobar que, en la ciencia económica, el debate ecológico ha tenido un pobre desarrollo. La investigación en este trabajo viene apuntando a que el paradigma imperante en la economía, el praxeológico, es incompatible en el contexto del cambio climático debido a las éticas planteadas para el fenómeno climático, las éticas de la responsabilidad. Esto nos hace plantearnos alternativas con base en una perspectiva científico-naturalista de las éticas para acabar sosteniéndonos en un modelo de planificación centralizada como alternativa viable gracias a los progresos en computación. As alterações climáticas abrem novos debates éticos em diferentes disciplinas científicas e não científicas. Considerando estas éticas de um ponto de vista kuhniano, podemos vir a estudá-las como paradigmas éticos e ver que, na ciência económica, o debate ecológico tem sido pouco desenvolvido. A investigação neste artigo aponta para o facto de que o paradigma predominante em economia, o paradigma praxiológico, é incompatível no contexto das alterações climáticas devido à ética que se coloca para o fenómeno climático, a ética da responsabilidade. Isto leva-nos a considerar alternativas baseadas numa perspectiva natural-científica da ética, para acabar por apoiar um modelo de planeamento centralizado como uma alternativa viável graças aos avanços da informática. Climate change opens up new ethical debates in different scientific and non scientific disciplines. Considering these ethics from a Kuhnian point of view, we can come to study them as ethical paradigms and see that, in economic science, the ecological debate has been poorly developed. The research in this paper points to the fact that the prevailing paradigm in economics, the praxeological paradigm, is incompatible in the context of climate change because of the ethics posed for the climate phenomenon, the ethics of responsibility. This leads us to consider alternatives based on a natural-scientific perspective of ethics, to end up supporting a model of centralised planning as a viable alternative thanks to advances in computing. Universidad de Sevilla. Máster en Filosofía y Cultura Moderna
- Published
- 2022
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