1. Five decades of terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard
- Author
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Pedersen Å.Ø. [1], Convey P. [2, Newsham K.K. [2], Mosbacher J.B. [1], Fuglei E. [1], Ravolainen V. [1], Hansen B.B. [4, Jensen T.C. [6], Augusti A. [7], Biersma E.M. [2, Cooper E.J. [9], Coulson S.J. [10], Gabrielsen G.W. [1], Gallet J.C. [1], Karsten U. [11], Kristiansen S.M. [12], Svenning M.M. [9], Tveit A.T. [9], Uchida M. [13, 14], Baneschi I. [15], Calizza E. [16], Cannone N. [17], de Goede E.M. [18], Doveri M. [15], Elster J. [19], Giamberini M.S. [15], Hayashi K. [20], Lang S.I. [21], Lee Y.K. [22], Nakatsubo T. [23], Pasquali V. [24], Paulsen I.M.G. [1], Pedersen C. [1], Peng F. [25], Provenzale A. [15], Pushkareva E. [11], Sandström C.A.M. [26], Sklet V. [1], Stach A. [27], Tojo M. [28], Tytgat B. [29], Tømmervik H. [30], Velazquez D. [31], Verleyen E. [29], Welker J.M. [32, 33], Yao Y.-F. [34], Loonen M.J.J.E. [26], and UAM. Departamento de Biología
- Subjects
High Arctic ,POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS ,CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION ,Oceanography ,Freshwater Environment ,VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400 ,soil ,functioning ,SOIL MICROBIAL SUCCESSION ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,SUCCESSIONAL GLACIER FORELAND ,WILLOW SALIX-POLARIS ,Environmental Chemistry ,ORGANIC POLLUTANTS POPS ,Anthropogenic Effect ,VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400 ,General Environmental Science ,human impacts ,SIMULATED ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE ,ecosystem structure and functioning ,CHEMICAL ,Marine Ecosystem ,biogeochemical cycles ,climate change ,environmental change ,Biología y Biomedicina / Biología ,Biogeochemical cycles ,GEESE BRANTA LEUCOPSIS ,Decadal Variation ,ecosystem structure and ,Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400 [VDP] ,Mathematics and natural scienses: 400 [VDP] ,HIGH-ARCTIC TUNDRA ,Earth and Environmental Sciences ,DENUDATION RATES - Abstract
Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAM, For more than five decades, research has been conducted at Ny-Ålesund, in Svalbard, Norway, to understand the structure and functioning of High-Arctic ecosystems and the profound impacts on them of environmental change. Terrestrial, freshwater, glacial and marine ecosystems are accessible year-round from Ny-Ålesund, providing unique opportunities for interdisciplinary obser-vational and experimental studies along physical, chemical, hydrological and climatic gradients. Here, we synthesize terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund and review current knowledge of biodiversity patterns, species population dynamics and interactions, ecosystem processes, biogeochemical cycles and anthropogenic impacts. There is now strong evidence of past and ongoing biotic changes caused by climate change, including negative effects on populations of many taxa and impacts of rain-on-snow events across multiple trophic levels. While species-level characteristics and responses are well under-stood for macro-organisms, major knowledge gaps exist for microbes, inverte-brates and ecosystem-level processes. In order to fill current knowledge gaps, we recommend (1) maintaining monitoring efforts, while establishing a long-term ecosystem-based monitoring programme; (2) gaining a mechanistic under-standing of environmental change impacts on processes and linkages in food webs; (3) identifying trophic interactions and cascades across ecosystems; and (4) integrating long-term data on microbial, invertebrate and freshwater com-munities, along with measurements of carbon and nutrient fluxes among soils, atmosphere, freshwaters and the marine environment. The synthesis here shows that the Ny-Ålesund study system has the characteristics needed to fill these gaps in knowledge, thereby enhancing our understanding of High-Arctic ecosystems and their responses to environmental variability and change
- Published
- 2022
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