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Objective To detect the expression of polyligand proteoglycan 1 (SDCl) protein in the colon cancer tissues, to analyze the relationship between SDCl protein expression and clinicopathological characteristics, epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and the prognosis of patients. Methods The paraffin samples of cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues from 130 patients with colon cancer were collected. lmmunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression levels of SDCl, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin proteins in the tissue samples. The relationship between expression of SDCl protein in the cancer tissues and the clinical pathological characteristics of the patients were analyzed. Kaplan Meier survival model was used to analyze the influence of SDCl protein expression on the prognosis of patients. Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between SDCl protein expression and E-cadherin, Ncadherin protein expression. Results The positive rate of SDCl protein expression in the colon cancer tissues was 22.31 % (29/130), which was lower than that of the adjacent tissues [91. 54% (119/130)], with statistically significant difference (P < 0. 05). In the colon cancer tissues, the expression of SDCl protein was related to the degree of tumor differentiation, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and TNM staging (all P < 0. 05). Log Rank test results showed that the 5-year overall survival rate of patients with negative expression of SDCl protein was lower than that of patients with positive expression of SDCl protein (P < 0. 05). Spearman correlation test results showed that in the colon cancer tissues, the expression of SDCl protein was positively correlated with the expression of E-cadherin protein (rs = 0. 753, P = 0. 016), and the expression of SDCl protein was negatively correlated with the expression of N-cadherin protein (rs = - 0. 682, P = 0. 028). Conclusions The expression of SDCl protein in the colon cancer tissues is low, and it is related to the malignant progression and poor prognosis of patients. Decreased expression of SDCl protein can reduce the expression of E-cadherin protein, increase the expression of N-cadherin protein, and induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and then promote invasion and metastasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]