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As the top emitter of carbon dioxide worldwide, China faces a considerable challenge in reducing carbon emissions to combat global warming. Carbon emissions from coal consumption is the primary source of carbon dioxide emissions in China. The decomposition of the driving factors and the quantification of regions and industries needs further research. Thus, this paper decomposed five driving factors affecting carbon emissions from coal consumption in China, namely, carbon emission intensity, energy structure, energy intensity, economic output, and population scale, by constructing a Kaya-Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (Kaya-LMDI) decomposition model with data on coal consumption in China from 1997 to 2019. It was revealed that the economic output and energy intensity effects are major drivers and inhibitors of carbon emissions from coal consumption in China, respectively. The contribution and impact of these driving factors on carbon emissions from coal consumption were analyzed for different regions and industrial sectors. The results showed that carbon emissions from coal consumption increased by 3211.92 million tons from 1997 to 2019. From a regional perspective, Hebei Province has the most significant impact on carbon emissions from coal consumption due to the effect of economic output. Additionally, the industrial sector had the most pronounced influence on carbon emissions from coal consumption due to the economic output effect. Finally, a series of measures to reduce carbon emissions including controlling the total coal consumption, improving the utilization rate of clean energy, and optimizing the energy structure is proposed based on China's actual development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Igneous intrusions into coal affect the safety, productivity, and economic viability of many coal mines. Also, the alterations in coal caused by igneous intrusions encompass a deterioration in coal quality, a decrease in permeability, an enhancement of coal rank, and geochemical and mineralogical compositions. Although there have been some studies related to the effects of igneous intrusions on the inorganic constituents in the coal, the mechanism of newly formed chemical and mineralogical associations caused by igneous intrusions has not been fully understood. This paper investigates the mineralogical and geochemical responses of coal to thermal alteration by igneous intrusion into an Early Permian coal seam in Hebei Province, North China. The Fengfeng coalfield is structurally complex, experiencing variable rates of burial and uplift, with abundant intrusions during the upper Jurassic and maximum burial in the Cretaceous resulting in an increase in rank to the north. In the search for critical minerals and elements, intrusions and hydrothermal alteration are often cited as the source for elevated concentrations. Towards the intrusion, the coal rank indicators increase from semi-anthracite to anthracite over a 500-cm distance, as does the mineral matter. The clay minerals present in coals include NH 4 -illite, kaolinite, paragonite, and chlorite (chamosite and cookeite), which were all resulted from igneous intrusions. The epigenetic minerals mainly include quartz, ankerite, calcite, pyrite, and apatite, which were derived from fluids permeating into the coal seam and chemically interacting with the original minerals or precipitating directly to form new minerals. Geochemical indicators in this coal indicate hydrothermal solutions derived from igneous intrusion. The enrichment of Li and Hg is linked to the igneous activity, potentially influencing the utilization of the coal adjacent to the intrusions. However, the concentrations of the remaining elements in the coal closest to the intrusion show no significant changes, thereby supporting the notion of a "non-universal effect" of igneous intrusions on the elemental composition and concentrations. • Towards the intrusion, the coal rank indicators increase, as does mineral matter. • Various clay minerals in coal are associated with hydrothermal fluids. • Epigenetic minerals show at least three stages of hydrothermal fluids. • Geochemical indicators are used to characterize hydrothermal fluids from intrusion. • The enrichment of Li and Hg in coal nearby intrusion is linked to igneous activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]