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This study investigates mode of production effects on narrative discourse configuration and referring expression (RE) selection in contexts of reference maintenance in syntactic coordination. It looks at 3rd person singular grammatical subjects across intermediate and advanced L1 Spanish-L2 English, in contrast with L1 English. The data are written and spoken narratives from the COREFL corpus produced by the same participant and under the same task conditions. The study reveals an effect of the mode of production in L2 English (referential) cohesion, while no such an effect has been found in L1 English performance. In general, in L2 English deficits in spoken production seem to persist while those in written production disappear by advanced level. In particular, referential cohesion seems more challenging for L2 English learners than the discourse-syntactic configuration of their narrative texts. By advanced level, the learner's discourse configuration is comparable to that of native speakers' both in their written and in their spoken narratives. However, the spoken productions by advanced learners still show a higher amount of fuller REs, in comparison to the spoken productions by the native participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]