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During many decades the development of effective methods of wounds treatment has been and still remains to be one of the most actual problems of surgery. Interest and constant attention to wounds speaks first of all that simultaneously with development of medicine, cellular and molecular biology, molecular genetics and immunology consideration of wounds processing is constantly vary. New prospects and opportunities of effective treatment of wounds are opening. We develop a new original method of treatment full-thickness wounds by a method of transplantation fibroblasts and stem cells on the basis of collagenic matrix. The presented method of treatment of full-thickness wounds provides the most perfect realization of stimulating action of cultures of cells on the processes of regeneration of tissue. Application of fibroblasts and stem cells on the basis of collagenic matrix promotes restoration of normal structure of a skin and allows reducing terms of healing considerably. Stem cells are integrated into three-dimensional tissue structures of an organism and promote histotopically to restoration of defects of a skin covering. Here it is necessary to note, that transplanted skin fibroblasts synthesize and allocate in an environment a plenty of biologically active substances among which distinguish epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), transforming growth factor (TGF), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), and also various components of extracellular matrix.