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We report two investigations into compulsive shopping behavior. The first showed that compulsive shoppers are obsessive in acquiring certain classes of product. Compared to normal shoppers, they spend more money on these products and shop for them more frequently. The second study showed that an obsession with acquiring these products rather than a desire to collect or hoard them is a significant factor in producing compulsive shopping behavior. This is consistent with the notion that compulsive shopping is an addictive habit reinforced by the relief from craving produced by the act of purchasing particular products. In our Taiwanese but not in our British sample, compulsive shopping led to hoarding behavior. This implies that the Taiwanese are more reluctant to discard items that they do not use. We discuss cultural factors that may account for this finding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Although compulsive hoarding appears to be a chronic, progressive disorder, little is known about its onset and course. The current study employed retrospective assessment of 51 individuals with compulsive hoarding difficulties to determine onset of various hoarding symptoms (clutter, acquisition, difficulty discarding), as well as the individual''s degree of recognition of the problem at various times throughout his or her life. Participants were asked to describe life events from each decade that occurred at the time hoarding symptoms were developing. Symptoms of clutter and difficulty discarding appeared to begin at approximately the same age, whereas acquiring problems began slightly later. Recognition of the problem developed significantly later than any of the symptoms themselves. A portion of participants reported that their hoarding symptoms were reduced at some point in their lives, but few reported full remission of hoarding at any point. Survival analysis of age of onset of hoarding symptoms indicated that individuals who reported a stressful event when saving behavior started had a significantly later age of onset than those who reported no events at the age of onset. Perhaps for some individuals compulsive hoarding is a lifelong characterological phenomenon, whereas for others hoarding behavior develops later as a reaction to stress or loss. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]