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2. How Does Participation Experience in Collective Behavior Contribute to Participation Willingness: A Survey of Migrant Workers in China
- Author
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Cai, Meng, Luo, Han, Meng, Xiao, Du, Haifeng, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Meng, Xiaofeng, editor, Xuan, Qi, editor, Yang, Yang, editor, Yue, Yang, editor, and Zhang, Zi-Ke, editor
- Published
- 2022
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3. A Distributed Game-Theoretic Approach to IaaS Cloud Brokering
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Gąsior, Jakub, Seredyński, Franciszek, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Chaves, Ricardo, editor, B. Heras, Dora, editor, Ilic, Aleksandar, editor, Unat, Didem, editor, Badia, Rosa M., editor, Bracciali, Andrea, editor, Diehl, Patrick, editor, Dubey, Anshu, editor, Sangyoon, Oh, editor, L. Scott, Stephen, editor, and Ricci, Laura, editor
- Published
- 2022
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4. "Toilet Paper Panic": Uncertainty and Insecurity in Early 1970s Japan.
- Author
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Siniawer, Eiko Maruko
- Subjects
- *
TOILET paper , *INVENTORY shortages , *PANIC , *COLLECTIVE behavior , *UNCERTAINTY , *MIDDLE class - Abstract
When toilet paper disappeared from store shelves across Japan in November 1973, the housewives who searched their neighborhood markets and stood in long lines for the scarce packs were described as unwitting perpetrators of a "toilet paper panic." The word "panic" evoked well-established notions of a social frenzy, irrational and overwrought. This article overturns a conception of panic laden with condescension and adopts, instead, a more empathetic approach to examining why a run on toilet paper and other daily necessities occurred in late 1973, and why it resonated so deeply across Japan as a "panic." In the broader context of the early 1970s, the toilet paper scare and its characterization as a "panic" can be understood as responses to sweeping and multifaceted economic challenges that destabilized daily life and threatened to upend middle-class lifestyles. After more than fifteen years of high economic growth, that sense of middle-class comfort and security was shaken by shortages and inflation as well as mounting evidence of government ineptitude and corporate profiteering. Buffeted by insecurity and uncertainty, Japanese "middle-classness" as both an experience and an ideal had never seemed as vulnerable as it did in the early 1970s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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5. Simulating Collective Behavior in the Movement of Immigrants by Using a Spatial Prisoner’s Dilemma with Move Option
- Author
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Lin, Bingchen, Zhou, Can, Hua, Zhe, Hu, Guangdi, Ding, Ruxin, Zeng, Qiyuan, Li, Jiawei, Barbosa, Simone Diniz Junqueira, Editorial Board Member, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Kotenko, Igor, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Pan, Linqiang, editor, Liang, Jing, editor, and Qu, Boyang, editor
- Published
- 2020
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6. Experiments with Heterogenous Automata-Based Multi-agent Systems
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Seredyński, Franciszek, Gąsior, Jakub, Hoffmann, Rolf, Désérable, Dominique, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Wyrzykowski, Roman, editor, Deelman, Ewa, editor, Dongarra, Jack, editor, and Karczewski, Konrad, editor
- Published
- 2020
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7. Processes of Self-organization in the Community of Investors and Producers
- Author
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Red’ko, Vladimir G., Sokhova, Zarema B., Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series editor, Kryzhanovsky, Boris, editor, Dunin-Barkowski, Witali, editor, and Redko, Vladimir, editor
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- 2018
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8. Groups and Collectivities in Crowd Modeling: Critical Evaluation of the State-of-the-Art and Suggestions for Further Studies
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Voloshin, Daniil, Puzyreva, Kseniia, Derevitsky, Ivan, Karbovskii, Vladislav, Diniz Junqueira Barbosa, Simone, Series editor, Chen, Phoebe, Series editor, Du, Xiaoyong, Series editor, Filipe, Joaquim, Series editor, Kara, Orhun, Series editor, Kotenko, Igor, Series editor, Liu, Ting, Series editor, Sivalingam, Krishna M., Series editor, Washio, Takashi, Series editor, Chugunov, Andrei V., editor, Bolgov, Radomir, editor, Kabanov, Yury, editor, Kampis, George, editor, and Wimmer, Maria, editor
- Published
- 2016
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9. On the Optimal Control of Opinion Dynamics on Evolving Networks
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Albi, Giacomo, Pareschi, Lorenzo, Zanella, Mattia, Bociu, Lorena, editor, Désidéri, Jean-Antoine, editor, and Habbal, Abderrahmane, editor
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- 2016
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10. Threshold of Herd Effect for Online Events in China
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Liu, Tieying, Chen, Kai, Zhong, Yang, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Aiello, Luca Maria, editor, and McFarland, Daniel, editor
- Published
- 2015
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11. Implementation of a Cue-Based Aggregation with a Swarm Robotic System
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Arvin, Farshad, Doraisamy, Shyamala C., Samsudin, Khairulmizam, Ahmad, Faisul Arif, Ramli, Abdul Rahman, Lukose, Dickson, editor, Ahmad, Abdul Rahim, editor, and Suliman, Azizah, editor
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- 2012
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12. Behavior Learning in Minority Games
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Li, Guanyi, Ma, Ying, Dong, Yingsai, Qin, Zengchang, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Goebel, Randy, editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, Wahlster, Wolfgang, editor, Guttmann, Christian, editor, Dignum, Frank, editor, and Georgeff, Michael, editor
- Published
- 2011
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13. To Grip, or Not to Grip: Evolving Coordination in Autonomous Robots
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Ampatzis, Christos, Santos, Francisco C., Trianni, Vito, Tuci, Elio, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Goebel, Randy, editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, Wahlster, Wolfgang, editor, Kampis, George, editor, Karsai, István, editor, and Szathmáry, Eörs, editor
- Published
- 2011
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14. Emergence of Cooperation in Adaptive Social Networks with Behavioral Diversity
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Van Segbroeck, Sven, Santos, Francisco C., Lenaerts, Tom, Pacheco, Jorge M., Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Goebel, Randy, editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, Wahlster, Wolfgang, editor, Kampis, George, editor, Karsai, István, editor, and Szathmáry, Eörs, editor
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- 2011
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15. Distributed Technology for Global Control
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Sapaty, Peter Simon, Cetto, Juan Andrade, editor, Ferrier, Jean-Louis, editor, and Filipe, Joaquim, editor
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- 2009
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16. A Review of Probabilistic Macroscopic Models for Swarm Robotic Systems
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Lerman, Kristina, Martinoli, Alcherio, Galstyan, Aram, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Şahin, Erol, editor, and Spears, William M., editor
- Published
- 2005
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17. From Self-Organized Systems to Collective Problem Solving
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Vincent, Chevrier, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Carbonell, Jaime G., editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, Gleizes, Marie-Pierre, editor, Omicini, Andrea, editor, and Zambonelli, Franco, editor
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- 2005
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18. Design and Mathematical Analysis of Agent-Based Systems
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Lerman, Kristina, Goos, G., editor, Hartmanis, J., editor, van Leeuwen, J., editor, Carbonell, Jaime G., editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, Rash, James L., editor, Truszkowski, Walt, editor, Hinchey, Michael G., editor, Rouff, Christopher A., editor, and Gordon, Diana, editor
- Published
- 2001
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19. Contradiction of modern and social-humanitarian artificial intelligence
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Raikov, Alexander Nikolaevich and Pirani, Massimiliano
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- 2022
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20. Swarm Intelligence in Pulp and Paper Process Optimization
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Tarun Kumar Sharma and Millie Pant
- Subjects
Collective behavior ,Mathematical optimization ,Optimization problem ,Computer science ,Differential evolution ,Supply chain ,Swarm behaviour ,Particle swarm optimization ,Process optimization ,Swarm intelligence - Abstract
We have learned much by studying the behavior of groups, or swarms of biological organisms. The intriguing aspect of such swarms is the fact that they exhibit complex collective behavior despite the simplicity of the individuals that make up the swarm. Models of these systems have been used successfully to solve difficult and complex real world optimization problems. This chapter focuses on the model inspired by the intelligent foraging behavior of honey bee swarm, proposed by Karaboga in 2005 and employed to solve optimization problems arising in pulp and paper industry. Pulp and paper industry comprises of a large number of processes, namely, economic optimization of a Kraft pulping or cooking problem, optimal boiler load allocation, maximizing the production rate, trim loss optimization, and optimization of supply chain system where optimization can be applied.
- Published
- 2014
21. Knowledge Management Model for Urban Flood Emergency Response Based on Multimodal Knowledge Graphs.
- Author
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Li, Mengkun, Yuan, Chen, Li, Kejin, Gao, Minzhong, Zhang, Yuan, and Lv, Huiying
- Subjects
KNOWLEDGE graphs ,BUILDING evacuation ,KNOWLEDGE management ,FLOOD control ,CIVILIAN evacuation ,COLLECTIVE behavior - Abstract
Recently, frequent flood disasters in China have seriously threatened economic development and public safety. This paper addresses the need for a dynamic urban flood emergency knowledge management system in emergency management departments and the lack of systematic knowledge among emergency managers regarding urban flood control. A multimodal knowledge graph-based urban flood emergency knowledge management model was constructed to enhance the decision-making capabilities of emergency management departments, improve the efficiency of public emergency evacuation, and reduce losses from urban flood disasters by analyzing the shortcomings of the existing emergency management system. An intelligent and dynamic flood emergency knowledge management model was built. This paper integrates multimodal knowledge graph technology to establish a multimodal emergency knowledge management framework for urban flood control. It develops and simulates the proposed model's application scenarios for urban flood emergency evacuation using the Flocking algorithm on the NetLogo platform. Through simulation experiments, the practicality and effectiveness of the model in real flood disaster situations were examined, particularly in simulating crowd evacuation behavior. The study found that the model significantly improves the accuracy of information and decision-making speed during emergency responses and supports emergency management departments in conducting targeted and personalized emergency decisions. This research provides a scientific basis for emergency management departments to optimize their emergency response strategies to flood disasters and serves as a reference and example for the application of multimodal knowledge graph technology in emergency management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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22. Social cycling and conditional responses in the Rock-Paper-Scissors game
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Hai-Jun Zhou, Zhijian Wang, and Bin Xu
- Subjects
Male ,FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Physics - Physics and Society ,Collective behavior ,Computer Science::Computer Science and Game Theory ,Computer science ,Conditioning, Classical ,Decision Making ,Evolutionary game theory ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Rationality ,Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph) ,Models, Psychological ,Article ,Young Adult ,symbols.namesake ,Strategy ,Game Theory ,Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory ,Humans ,Cooperative Behavior ,Multidisciplinary ,Stochastic game ,Models, Theoretical ,Bounded rationality ,Nash equilibrium ,symbols ,Female ,Game theory ,Mathematical economics ,Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT) - Abstract
How humans make decisions in non-cooperative strategic interactions is a challenging question. For the fundamental model system of Rock-Paper-Scissors (RPS) game, classic game theory of infinite rationality predicts the Nash equilibrium (NE) state with every player randomizing her choices to avoid being exploited, while evolutionary game theory of bounded rationality in general predicts persistent cyclic motions, especially for finite populations. However, as empirical studies on human subjects have been relatively sparse, it is still a controversial issue as to which theoretical framework is more appropriate to describe decision making of human subjects. Here we observe population-level cyclic motions in a laboratory experiment of the discrete-time iterated RPS game under the traditional random pairwise-matching protocol. The cycling direction and frequency are not sensitive to the payoff parameter a. This collective behavior contradicts with the NE theory but it is quantitatively explained by a microscopic model of win-lose-tie conditional response without any adjustable parameter. Our theoretical calculations reveal that this new strategy may offer higher payoffs to individual players in comparison with the NE mixed strategy, suggesting that high social efficiency is achievable through optimized conditional response., Comment: 7 pages + 14 pages supplementary information
- Published
- 2014
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23. The Analyst and the Significant Other: Two's Company, Three's a Crowd: Commentary on Paper by Carla Leone.
- Author
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Gerson, Mary-Joan
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COLLECTIVE behavior , *PATIENT-professional relations , *PSYCHOANALYSTS , *TRANSFERENCE (Psychology) , *COUNTERTRANSFERENCE (Psychology) - Abstract
My response to Carla Leone's paper focuses on how psychoanalysts perceive the significant others of their patients is an attempt to both endorse raising this important question and to augment our thinking about it. Leone identifies the dynamic backdrop for the tendency of individual therapists to unquestionably accept their patient's representation of the significant other. From an interpersonal-relational and family systemic perspective, I raise other dynamic possibilities regarding transference and countertransference, the self as co-constructed with the significant other, introduce the importance of attachment theory, and suggest creative ways to keep a balanced view of the partner who is not known to the analyst except through the patient's representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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24. Special Issue: Simulation for crisis and disaster management.
- Author
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Coates, Graham, Dugdale, Julie, and Hanachi, Chihab
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CRISIS management ,EMERGENCY management ,EUROPEAN Migrant Crisis, 2015-2016 ,COLLECTIVE behavior ,AIRPORT safety ,HUMAN behavior - Abstract
This document discusses the use of computational simulation in crisis and disaster management. It highlights the advantages of simulation models in examining alternative strategies and predicting the effects of changes in real-world systems. The document also acknowledges the challenges in incorporating realistic human behavior, increasing acceptability of simulation models, and creating multi-scale models. The special issue focuses on current real-world problems and includes papers on topics such as epidemics, seismic crises, population sheltering management, and mass evacuation. Two companion papers on airport evacuation and the Syrian refugee crisis are also mentioned. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
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25. Network science for museums.
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Yoshimura, Yuji, Krebs, Anne, and Ratti, Carlo
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SCIENCE museums ,MUSEUM studies ,MUSEUM exhibits ,COLLECTIVE behavior ,MUSEUM visitors - Abstract
This paper introduces network science to museum studies. The spatial structure of the museum and the exhibit display largely determine what visitors see and in which order, thereby shaping their visit experience. Despite the importance of spatial properties in museum studies, few scientific tools have been developed to analyze and compare the results across museums. This paper introduces the six habitually used network science indices and assesses their applicability to museum studies. Network science is an empirical research field that focuses on analyzing the relationships between components in an attempt to understand how individual behaviors can be converted into collective behaviors. By taking the museum and the visitors as the network, this methodology could reveal unknown aspects of museum functions and visitor behavior, which could enhance exhibition knowledge and lead to better methods for creating museum narratives along the routes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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26. Dynamic evolutionary analysis of opinion leaders' and netizens' uncertain information dissemination behavior considering random interference.
- Author
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Lin Ma, Li, Bowen, Junyao Wang, Jun Tanimoto, and Hui-Jia Li
- Subjects
TREND setters ,STOCHASTIC differential equations ,COLLECTIVE behavior ,SENTIMENT analysis ,STOCHASTIC processes - Abstract
This paper investigates the decision-making behaviors of opinion leaders and netizens in the context of uncertain information dissemination with the aim of effectively managing online public opinion crises triggered by major sudden events. The decision-making behaviors of opinion leaders are categorized into positive and negative guidance, while those of netizens are classified into acceptance and nonacceptance. Using an evolutionary game model, this study introduces random factors to examine their influence on the decisionmaking processes of both groups. A stochastic evolutionary game model is constructed to analyze the behaviors of opinion leaders and netizens in the context of uncertain information dissemination. The evolutionary stability strategies and stochastic evolutionary processes of the model are analyzed based on the theory of Itô stochastic differential equations. The impacts of key variables such as random disturbances, the degree of psychological identification of netizens with opinion leaders, and the intensity of government penalties for those spreading negative information are examined through numerical simulations. The findings indicate that opinion leaders evolve to make stable strategies more rapidly than netizens do; random disturbances slow the evolution of stable strategies for both groups but do not alter their strategic choices; a higher degree of psychological identification increases the likelihood of netizens adopting the views of opinion leaders; and as punitive measures intensify, both opinion leaders and netizens are inclined to choose strategies of positive guidance and acceptance. The results of this study offer theoretical insights and decision-making guidance for future government strategies for managing similar online collective behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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27. Neighborly social pressure and collective action: Evidence from a field experiment in Tunisia.
- Author
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Jöst, Prisca
- Subjects
SOCIAL pressure ,FIELD research ,COLLECTIVE action ,POOR communities ,COLLECTIVE behavior - Abstract
Research on political participation almost unanimously assumes that social pressure by neighbors induces collective behavior. Yet most experimental studies focus on individually based forms of political and civic behavior, such as voting and recycling, in Western industrialized societies. The paper tests the effect of neighborly social pressure on collective action in Tunisia. In a field experiment, I manipulate whether neighbors or community outsiders invite citizens to contribute to a public good (i.e., trash collection). I run the experiment in three neighborhoods of varying socioeconomic composition in Tunis (n = 1199). I do not find evidence to suggest that neighborly social pressure encourages participation in neighborhood cleanups, with low participation rates both for the neighbor and outsider contact conditions. While the effect of social pressure does not significantly vary across communities, overall participation rates do. Residents of the poor neighborhood are most likely to respond in a socially desirable way when asked about their intentions but least likely to participate. The paper also discusses some limitations of the study and outlines avenues for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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28. Coregular submanifolds and Poisson submersions.
- Author
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Brambila, Lilian Cordeiro, Frejlich, Pedro, and Torres, David Martínez
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LIE groups ,COLLECTIVE behavior ,TORIC varieties ,FIBERS ,SUBMANIFOLDS - Abstract
In this paper, we analyze submersions with Poisson fibres. These are submersions whose total space carries a Poisson structure, on which the ambient Poisson structure pulls back, as a Dirac structure, to Poisson structures on each individual fibre. Our "Poisson--Dirac viewpoint" is prompted by natural examples of Poisson submersions with Poisson fibres -- in toric geometry and in Poisson--Lie groups -- whose analysis was not possible using the existing tools in the Poisson literature. The first part of the paper studies the Poisson--Dirac perspective of inducing Poisson structures on submanifolds. This is a rich landscape, in which subtle behaviours abound, as illustrated by a surprising "jumping phenomenon" concerning the complex relation between the induced and the ambient symplectic foliations, which we discovered here. These pathologies, however, are absent from the well-behaved and abundant class of coregular submanifolds, with which we are mostly concerned here. The second part of the paper studies Poisson submersions with Poisson fibres -- the natural Poisson generalization of flat symplectic bundles. These Poisson submersions have coregular Poisson--Dirac fibres, and behave functorially with respect to such submanifolds. We discuss the subtle collective behavior of the Poisson fibres of such Poisson fibrations, and explain their relation to pencils of Poisson structures. The third and final part applies the theory developed to Poisson submersions with Poisson fibres which arise in Lie theory. We also show that such submersions are a convenient setting for the associated bundle construction, and we illustrate this by producing new Poisson structures with a finite number of symplectic leaves. Some of the points in the paper being fairly new, we illustrate the many fine issues that appear with an abundance of (counter-)examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Genetic relatedness in early associations of Polistes dominulus: from related to unrelated helpers.
- Author
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Zanette, Lorenzo R. S. and Field, Jeremy
- Subjects
- *
PAPER wasps , *GROUP formation , *COLLECTIVE behavior , *GENETICS , *RELATEDNESS (Psychology) , *MICROSATELLITE repeats , *NESTS , *VESPIDAE - Abstract
Indirect benefits obtained through the reproduction of relatives are fundamental in the formation and maintenance of groups. Here, we examine the hypothesis that females of the temperate paper wasp Polistes dominulus preferentially form groups with close relatives. Genetic relatedness data were obtained for 180 groups of females collected at the early stages of the nesting cycle of a large population of P. dominulus in two sites in southwestern Spain. Average within-group relatedness values ranged from 0.189 to 0.491. Foundresses on early nests were significantly more closely related than females in winter aggregations or in stable groups (just before workers emerged). Within-group relatedness values were independent of group size. The vast majority of worker-producing nests ( c. 85%) had one or more females that were unrelated (or distantly related) to the remaining members of the group. These results provide further support to the hypothesis that indirect fitness benefits alone are unlikely to explain why P. dominulus foundresses form cooperative associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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30. Role of adaptive intraspecific competition on collective behavior in the rock–paper–scissors game.
- Author
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Park, Junpyo and Jang, Bongsoo
- Subjects
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COMPETITION (Biology) , *COLLECTIVE behavior , *COEXISTENCE of species , *BIOLOGICAL extinction - Abstract
Density-dependent selection is a universal feature in the evolution of populations, and such an adaptive behavior can change the survival strategy of species during evolution. In this paper, we investigate the role of adaptive behavior in biodiversity in the system of cyclic competition. By incorporating a density-dependent mechanism into intraspecific competition, which is well-known as a key mechanism leading to biodiversity, we studied how such adaptive intraspecific competition can affect biodiversity and collective behavior during the evolution of cyclically competing species. Microscopically, we found that species can coexist strongly and are spirally entangled or collectively united by presenting two distinct pattern formations on spatially extended systems. While the adaptive mechanism can always promote species coexistence in a mean-field manner for particular sensitivity to the group scale, corresponding spatial dynamics exhibit nonmonotonic features for the robustness of extinction at moderately high mobility regime over the critical mobility when the associated mean-field system exhibits asymptotically stable heteroclinic cycles. The findings can shed light on a new aspect of the collective behavior of coexisting populations which may indicate the possibility of changing the survival strategies of each group to maintain the coexistence of cyclically competing populations. • The effect of the adaptive intraspecific competition is studied. • Species biodiversity is promoted at moderately high mobility values. • Anomalous viability accompanies the change of new pattern formation for coexistence. • The role of adaptive intraspecific competition is studied quantitively. • Critical degrees of adaptive intraspecific competition are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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31. Multi-Robot Task Scheduling for Consensus-Based Fault-Resilient Intelligent Behavior in Smart Factories.
- Author
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Kalempa, Vivian Cremer, Piardi, Luis, Limeira, Marcelo, and de Oliveira, Andre Schneider
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AUTONOMOUS robots ,INTELLIGENT buildings ,COLLECTIVE behavior ,FACTORIES ,OVERHEAD costs ,MOBILE robots ,WAREHOUSES - Abstract
In smart factories, several mobile and autonomous robots are being utilized in warehouses to reduce overhead and operating costs. In this context, this paper presents a consensus-based fault-resilient intelligent mechanism called Consensual Fault-Resilient Behavior (CFRB). The proposed approach is based on three hierarchical plans: imposition, negotiation, and consensus. Fault resilience is achieved using the collective behavior of a multi-robot system that applies ternary decisions based on these plans. The difference between this paper and our previous work is on the consensual level. As it is suitable for the analysis and design of coordinated behavior between autonomous robots, the consensus plan is restructured and enhanced. The proposed approach is tested and evaluated in a virtual warehouse based on a real environment. In addition, it is compared with other current approaches, and the results are presented, demonstrating its efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Crowd Psychology in the Harry Potter Saga.
- Author
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Al-Alawneh, Moneer F. and Akkawi, Aya W.
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COLLECTIVE behavior ,POTTER, Harry (Fictional character) ,BRAINWASHING ,POTTERS ,PRESTIGE ,LEADERSHIP - Abstract
This paper seeks to uncover the hidden meaning of psychological leadership in the "Harry Potter" universe. It analyzes the roles of both Albus Dumbledore and Harry Potter as a point of departure in its argument. It argues that they rely on psychological elements to influence others, accentuate their beliefs, and even sway the public. The most used of which is prestige, which stems from their fame in the wizarding world as well as their wealth and leadership. This paper challenges both characters' leadership models to put forward a novel understanding, whereby proving that Dumbledore and Potter are not as benevolent as they seem to publicize. To cement this claim, the study will mainly make use of Gustave Le Bon's book "The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind" and Kathleen Taylor's book "Brainwashing: The Science of Thought Control" to display the fundamental difference between a leader and a psychological leader alongside their key differences. Those differences are highlighted when scrutinizing the leading techniques employed by both characters to review their capacity as leaders and success, or lack thereof, in this role. This paper also tackles the impact of media in steering crowd psychology, which provides a new psychological threshold for studying the "Harry Potter" universe and its characters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. A REAL-TIME IMPROVED PEDESTRIAN DEAD RECKONING TRAJECTORY TRACKING ALGORITHM.
- Author
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Wang, X., Lv, J., and Yun, Z.
- Subjects
TRACKING algorithms ,PEDESTRIANS ,TRACKING radar ,COLLECTIVE behavior ,OBJECT recognition (Computer vision) ,K-means clustering ,COMPUTER vision ,DISASTER relief - Abstract
Accurate location of pedestrians plays a crucial role in emergency relief, traffic control, crowd behavior analysis and other aspects. Especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in recent years, pedestrian location technology can help relevant departments to complete target screening more quickly.However, the Pedestrian Dead Reckoning algorithm can only calculate the target trajectory through the sensor return value, but can not carry out real-time trajectory correction and location.With the rapid development of deep learning, object detection and tracking technology based on computer vision has been applied to pedestrian location, but there are two challenges in the application process.Firstly, in the pedestrian gathering scene, the target number base is large, so the accuracy of the current detection algorithm needs to be improved and the model drift index of the tracking algorithm needs to be reduced. Secondly, there is a certain distortion between the real three-dimensional coordinate space of pedestrians and the two-dimensional image captured by the camera, and the transformation of the spatial coordinate of the target point is a technical difficulty.In this regard, first of all, to improve the accuracy of pedestrian target detection in crowded scenes, this paper adopts the method of improving the generalization of network to pedestrian target, and uses k-means algorithm to find the best prior frame of pedestrian, and sets the width to height ratio suitable for the target.Secondly, to solve the problem of model drift in the above tracking process, this paper proposes a binary classification model based on target appearance difference, which introduces target context information as a new target distinguishing feature when two or more targets are similar.Finally, in order to obtain more accurate coordinate position information, this paper combines the inverse perspective algorithm to calculate the target coordinates into the coordinates in the world coordinate system, and calculates the exact position of the target in the aerial view, as well as the distance between the targets or the current flow of people.In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, experiments on target detection, tracking and precise positioning were carried out in different intensity scenarios to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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34. Special Issue on Design of Swarm Intelligence Through Interdisciplinary Approach.
- Author
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Kano, Takeshi and Sueoka, Yuichiro
- Subjects
SWARM intelligence ,AGGREGATION (Robotics) ,COLLECTIVE behavior ,BIOLOGICAL systems ,SOCIAL systems ,SOCIAL interaction - Abstract
In biological and social systems, a "swarm" refers to a group of individual units that behave as a single intelligent entity. "Swarm behavior," the collective result of the local interactions among the group members, exhibits what is called "swarm intelligence." By identifying the design principles of such swarm intelligence, we may be able to create swarm robots that are highly adaptable, fault tolerant, and dimensionally flexible. An interdisciplinary approach, including disciplines ranging from technology to biology to the mathematical sciences, for example, is used to elucidate the design principles of swarm intelligence. We believe that such knowledge will lead to transformations in the field of swarm robotics. This special issue highlights 19 exciting papers, including 13 research papers, five review papers, and one letter. Some papers focus on understanding the mechanism of real swarm phenomena, while the other papers focus on designing intelligent swarm systems. The keywords of the papers are as follows. • Swarm intelligence • Interdisciplinary approach • Decentralized control • Swarm robot • Collective behavior We would like to express our gratitude to all authors and reviewers, and we hope that this special issue contributes to future research and development in swarm intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Practical model with strong interpretability and predictability: An explanatory model for individuals' destination prediction considering personal and crowd travel behavior.
- Author
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Zhao, Juanjuan, Ye, Jiexia, Xu, Minxian, and Xu, Chengzhong
- Subjects
COLLECTIVE behavior ,CHOICE of transportation ,ROUTE choice ,DISCRETE choice models ,SMART cards ,PUBLIC transit ,PERSONALLY identifiable information - Abstract
Real‐time individuals' destination prediction is of great significance for real‐time user tracking, service recommendation and other related applications. Traditional technology mainly used statistical methods based on the travel patterns mined from personal history travel data. However, it is not clear how to predict the destinations of individuals with only limited personal historical data. In this paper, taking the public transportation metro systems as example, we design a practical method called practical model with strong interpretability and predictability to predict each passenger's destination. Our main novelties are two aspects: (1) We propose to predict individuals' destination by combining personal and crowd behavior under certain context. (2) An explanatory model combining discrete choice model and neural network model is proposed to predict individuals' stochastic trip's destination, which can be applied to other transportation analysis scenarios about individuals' choice behavior such as travel mode choice or route choice. We validate our method based on extensive experiments, using smart card data collected by automatic fare collection system and weather data in Shenzhen, China. The experimental results demonstrate that our approach can achieve better performance than other baselines in terms of prediction accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Generating Collective Behavior of a Multi-Legged Robotic Swarm Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.
- Author
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Morimoto, Daichi, Iwamoto, Yukiha, Hiraga, Motoaki, and Ohkura, Kazuhiro
- Subjects
DEEP reinforcement learning ,AGGREGATION (Robotics) ,MOBILE robots ,COLLECTIVE behavior ,DEEP learning ,REINFORCEMENT learning - Abstract
This paper presents a method of generating collective behavior of a multi-legged robotic swarm using deep reinforcement learning. Most studies in swarm robotics have used mobile robots driven by wheels. These robots can operate only on relatively flat surfaces. In this study, a multi-legged robotic swarm was employed to generate collective behavior not only on a flat field but also on rough terrain fields. However, designing a controller for a multi-legged robotic swarm becomes a challenging problem because it has a large number of actuators than wheeled-mobile robots. This paper applied deep reinforcement learning to designing a controller. The proximal policy optimization (PPO) algorithm was utilized to train the robot controller. The controller was trained through the task that required robots to walk and form a line. The results of computer simulations showed that the PPO led to the successful design of controllers for a multi-legged robotic swarm in flat and rough terrains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Recent advances in modeling and control of epidemics using a mean field approach.
- Author
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Roy, Amal, Singh, Chandramani, and Narahari, Y
- Subjects
LITERATURE reviews ,EPIDEMICS ,NASH equilibrium ,COLLECTIVE behavior ,SARS-CoV-2 ,MEAN field theory - Abstract
The modeling and control of epidemics, such as the novel Coronavirus, have become crucial on a global scale, for effective management of epidemic situations. This paper is focused on using the mean field approach for modeling and control of epidemics. The mean field approach is an effective alternative to the classical approach of using continuous time Markov decision process (CTMDP) models, which suffer from the curse of dimensionality and entail knowledge of global state information. The mean field approach captures the collective behavior of a dynamic system consisting of numerous interacting nodes representing individuals in the population. The objectives of this paper are twofold: (a) to provide an overview of the mean field approach to epidemic modeling and control, and (b) to present recent advances in this area. Emphasizing the importance of containing and suppressing epidemic spread through non-pharmaceutical interventions, the paper highlights the need to minimize loss of lives, reduce suffering, and alleviate the burden on the public healthcare system. A potential challenge here is the presence of a section of the population who act on their free will and deviate from recommended best practices, which could lead to a potential public health crisis. Motivated by this, the paper explores two specific threads to modeling and control. The first thread assumes that individual nodes comply with a socially optimal control policy mandated by a regulatory authority. The second thread allows for independent and strategic behavior by the individual nodes, modeled as a mean field game, where the strategies of rational agents are based on mean field Nash equilibria. The paper begins by discussing the modeling of epidemics using an extended SIVR (Susceptible-Infected-Vaccinated-Recovered) compartmental model, accompanied by an illustrative example. Next, a literature review is provided, focusing on the mean field approach for socially optimal control of epidemics and how a regulatory authority can effectively contain the spread. Subsequently, the paper presents an update on the use of mean field game-based approaches in studying epidemic spread and control. Finally, future research directions in this important area are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. An investigation into the influence of context effects on crowd exit selection under gender difference in indoor evacuation.
- Author
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Qi Teng, Xuan Wang, Wu He, Gaofeng Pan, and Yan Mao
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CROWDS ,GENDER differences (Psychology) ,CIVILIAN evacuation ,VIRTUAL reality ,SOCIAL interaction ,COLLECTIVE behavior - Abstract
Introduction: Exit selection is crucial in indoor emergency evacuation. Domestic and foreign scholars have found that exit choice behavior is influenced by three factors: environmental factors, social interactions, and individual internal factors. Previous studies have shown that in addition to a single environmental factor affecting exit decisions, the influence of other available exit options in the context can ultimately lead to a reversal of exit decisions -The context effect. However, the impact of context effects on exit decisions in emergency situations has not been thoroughly explored. Therefore, this article identifies three basic independent variables: context effects, crowd flows, and gender differences, to study the exit decisions of different gender groups facing different crowd flows, as well as how context effects affect existing exit decisions. Methods: In this paper, we used virtual reality technology to construct an indoor fire scene and designed a total of 15 virtual experiments with different crowd distribution or context effects. 131 participants were divided into two groups, male and female, and their exit decisions were observed under different crowd flows and contextual effects. Results: The research results show that: 1) Both men and women have an innate preference to avoid crowded exits, and the proportion of following crowd evacuation significantly decreases when there are crowded crowds in the scene; 2) The exit decisions of female participants are more influenced by the crowd, while men tend to be more influenced by context effects when evacuating independently; 3) The context effects on exit decisions in emergency situations is statistically significant, and this performance is more significant in the male population. Further analysis reveals that similarity effects have a more significant impact on exit decisions than attraction effects. Discussions: These findings provide deeper insights into the exit choice behavior of the population and may contribute to the design of safe exits in indoor buildings. In addition, this article emphasizes the importance of context effects and provides a foundation for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Convolutional neural network for human crowd analysis: a review.
- Author
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Amrish, Arya, Shwetank, and Kumar, Saurabh
- Subjects
CONVOLUTIONAL neural networks ,COLLECTIVE behavior ,CROWDS - Abstract
This research paper presents a review of the use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for human crowd analysis. The paper discusses the challenges and limitations of methods and highlights the potential of CNNs in addressing these limitations. This study reveals and provides an in-depth analysis of the different techniques, architectures, and algorithms used in CNNs for human crowd analysis and their respective advantages and limitations. Additionally, the paper discusses the potential applications of CNNs in crowd analysis, including pedestrian detection, crowd counting, and crowd behavior recognition. The review also provides insights into the performance evaluation metrics commonly used in this area and the datasets used for training and testing CNNs. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in the use of CNNs for human crowd analysis, as well as insights into future research directions in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Promoting collective precycling behavior: results from a group intervention with Berlin households in Germany.
- Author
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Wenzel, Klara
- Subjects
COLLECTIVE behavior ,INGROUPS (Social groups) ,COLLECTIVE efficacy ,COLLECTIVE action ,SOCIAL processes ,PACKAGING waste ,FIELD research ,GROUP identity - Abstract
To tackle the global waste crisis, there is an urgent need for decisive and joint action at multiple levels. The collective behavior of a community could make a significant contribution. This paper presents the results of a field experiment designed to promote packaging waste prevention -- called precycling -- in a newly formed community setting, in Berlin, Germany. The aim was to examine the effect of the intervention on precycling and to examine the underlying social identity processes. Over a four-week period, 132 participants from 96 different households digitally received a combination of different interventions, that were theoretically informed by the Social Identity Model of Pro-Environmental Action (SIMPEA). Households were assigned to two intervention groups and a waiting control group. Data was collected before, immediately after and four months after the intervention to assess the impact of the intervention using multilevel models. After the intervention, the overall precycling behavior increased significantly, but not as a result of the different group conditions. In the more comprehensive intervention group, which included social interaction and behavioral experimentation, the community identification was strengthened and the reuse behavior, as a subset of precycling, increased. While a number of social identity processes (collective efficacy beliefs, having a precycling action goal, crisis appraisal, and sufficiency attitudes) were found to positively predict the precycling behavior, surprisingly, the predictive power of social norms and ingroup identification could not be confirmed. Overall, the presented community intervention promoted precycling. However, in this dynamic realworld setting, not all intervention elements worked as expected. The pitfalls and opportunities of this intervention are discussed, and ideas for translating the results into everyday precycling activities are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Quantifying simultaneous innovations in evolutionary medicine.
- Author
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Painter, Deryc T., van der Wouden, Frank, Laubichler, Manfred D., and Youn, Hyejin
- Subjects
MEDICAL innovations ,COLLECTIVE behavior ,AUTHORSHIP collaboration ,AUTHORSHIP ,METADATA - Abstract
To what extent do simultaneous innovations occur and are independently from each other? In this paper we use a novel persistent keyword framework to systematically identify innovations in a large corpus containing academic papers in evolutionary medicine between 2007 and 2011. We examine whether innovative papers occurring simultaneously are independent from each other by evaluating the citation and co-authorship information gathered from the corpus metadata. We find that 19 out of 22 simultaneous innovative papers do, in fact, occur independently from each other. In particular, co-authors of simultaneous innovative papers are no more geographically concentrated than the co-authors of similar non-innovative papers in the field. Our result suggests producing innovative work draws from a collective knowledge pool, rather than from knowledge circulating in distinct localized collaboration networks. Therefore, new ideas can appear at multiple locations and with geographically dispersed co-authorship networks. Our findings support the perspective that simultaneous innovations are the outcome of collective behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Iterative transfer learning for automatic collective motion tuning on multiple robot platforms.
- Author
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Abpeikar, Shadi, Kasmarik, Kathryn, and Garratt, Matt
- Subjects
ITERATIVE learning control ,COLLECTIVE behavior ,MOBILE robots ,ROBOTS ,KNOWLEDGE base ,REINFORCEMENT learning ,ACQUISITION of data - Abstract
This paper proposes an iterative transfer learning approach to achieve swarming collective motion in groups of mobile robots. By applying transfer learning, a deep learner capable of recognizing swarming collective motion can use its knowledge to tune stable collective motion behaviors across multiple robot platforms. The transfer learner requires only a small set of initial training data from each robot platform, and this data can be collected from random movements. The transfer learner then progressively updates its own knowledge base with an iterative approach. This transfer learning eliminates the cost of extensive training data collection and the risk of trial-and-error learning on robot hardware. We test this approach on two robot platforms: simulated Pioneer 3DX robots and real Sphero BOLT robots. The transfer learning approach enables both platforms to automatically tune stable collective behaviors. Using the knowledge-base library the tuning procedure is fast and accurate. We demonstrate that these tuned behaviors can be used for typical multi-robot tasks such as coverage, even though they are not specifically designed for coverage tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Analysis of Community Outdoor Public Spaces Based on Computer Vision Behavior Detection Algorithm.
- Author
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Wang, Lei and He, Wenqi
- Subjects
COMPUTER vision ,PUBLIC spaces ,CITY dwellers ,BEHAVIORAL assessment ,SPATIAL behavior ,COLLECTIVE behavior - Abstract
Community outdoor public spaces are indispensable to urban residents' daily lives. Analyzing community outdoor public spaces from a behavioral perspective is crucial and an effective way to support human-centered development in urban areas. Traditional behavioral analysis often relies on manually collected behavioral data, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and lacks data breadth. With the use of sensors, the breadth of behavioral data has greatly increased, but its accuracy is still insufficient, especially in the fine-grained differentiation of populations and behaviors. Computer vision is more efficient in distinguishing populations and recognizing behaviors. However, most existing computer vision applications face some challenges. For example, behavior recognition is limited to pedestrian trajectory recognition, and there are few that recognize the diverse behaviors of crowds. In view of these gaps, this paper proposes a more efficient approach that employs computer vision tools to examine different populations and different behaviors, obtain important statistical measures of spatial behavior, taking the Bajiao Cultural Square in Beijing as a test bed. This population and behavior recognition model presents several improvement strategies: Firstly, by leveraging an attention mechanism, which emulates the human selective cognitive mechanism, it is capable of accentuating pertinent information while disregarding extraneous data, and the ResNet backbone network can be refined by integrating channel attention. This enables the amplification of critical feature channels or the suppression of irrelevant feature channels, thereby enhancing the efficacy of population and behavior recognition. Secondly, it uses public datasets and self-made data to construct the dataset required by this model to improve the robustness of the detection model in specific scenarios. This model can distinguish five types of people and six kinds of behaviors, with an identification accuracy of 83%, achieving fine-grained behavior detection for different populations. To a certain extent, it solves the problem that traditional data face of large-scale behavioral data being difficult to refine. The population and behavior recognition model was adapted and applied in conjunction with spatial typology analysis, and we can conclude that different crowds have different behavioral preferences. There is inconsistency in the use of space by different crowds, there is inconsistency between behavioral and spatial function, and behavior is concentrated over time. This provides more comprehensive and reliable decision support for fine-grained planning and design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Multi-armed bandit approach for mean field game-based resource allocation in NOMA networks.
- Author
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Benamor, Amani, Habachi, Oussama, Kammoun, Inès, and Cances, Jean-Pierre
- Subjects
RESOURCE allocation ,COLLECTIVE behavior ,INTERNET of things ,POWER resources ,NEXT generation networks ,SCARCITY - Abstract
Facing the exponential demand for massive connectivity and the scarcity of available resources, next-generation wireless networks have to meet very challenging performance targets. Particularly, the operators have to cope with the continuous prosperity of the Internet of things (IoT) along with the ever-increasing deployment of machine-type devices (MTDs). In this regard, due to its compelling benefits, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has sparked a significant interest as a sophisticated technology to address the above-mentioned challenges. In this paper, we consider a hybrid NOMA scenario, wherein the MTDs are divided into different groups, each of which is allocated an orthogonal resource block (RB) so that the members of each group share a given RB to simultaneously transmit their signals. Firstly, we model the densely deployed network using a mean field game (MFG) framework while taking into consideration the effect of the collective behavior of devices. Then, in order to reduce the complexity of the proposed technique, we apply the multi-armed bandit (MAB) framework to jointly address the resource allocation and the power control problem. Thereafter, we derive two distributed decision-making algorithms that enable the users to autonomously regulate their transmit power levels and self-organize into coalitions based on brief feedback received from the base station (BS). Simulation results are given to underline the equilibrium properties of the proposed resource allocation algorithms and to reveal the robustness of the proposed learning process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. DYNAMICAL BEHAVIOR OF A COLONY MIGRATION SYSTEM: DO COLONY SIZE AND QUORUM THRESHOLD AFFECT COLLECTIVE DECISION?
- Author
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LISHA WANG, ZHIPENG QIU, TAKAO SASAKI, and YUN KANG
- Subjects
GROUP decision making ,INSECT societies ,ANT colonies ,COLLECTIVE behavior - Abstract
Social insects are ecologically and evolutionarily the most successful organisms on earth and can achieve robust collective behaviors through local interactions among group members. Colony migration has been considered as a leading example of collective decision making in social insects. In this paper, a piecewise colony migration system with recruitment switching is proposed to explore underlying mechanisms and synergistic effects of colony size and quorum on the outcomes of collective decision. The dynamical behavior of the nonsmooth system is studied, and sufficient conditions for the existence and stability of equilibrium are provided. The theoretical results suggest that large colonies are more likely to emigrate to a new site. More interesting findings include but are not limited to that (a) the system may exhibit oscillation when the colony size is below a critical level and (b) the system may also exhibit a bistable state, i.e., the colony migrates to a new site or the old nest depending on the initial size of recruiters. Bifurcation analysis shows that the variations of colony size and quorum threshold greatly impact the dynamics. The results suggest that it is important to distinguish between two populations of recruiters in modeling. This work may provide important insights on how simple and local interactions achieve the collective migrating activity in social insects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Strengthening the Theoretical Perspective on Action in Routines Research With the Analytical Philosophy of Agency.
- Author
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Makowski, Piotr Tomasz
- Subjects
ORGANIZATION management ,AGENCY theory ,ACT (Philosophy) ,PRACTICE theory (Social sciences) ,COLLECTIVE behavior - Abstract
This conceptual paper presents the analytical theory of agency (ATA), an overlooked philosophical approach to the concept of action, to develop its theoretical basis in routines research in which the constructs of action and agency play crucial roles. It expounds, in the framework of ATA, the ideas of the spectrum of intentionality, kinds of action, and collective agency, which help advance the rigor of action-theoretical concepts in routines research as well as reveal the rationale of the microfoundational approach to routine actions. To uncover the developmental potential of ATA, the article discusses the most crucial conceptual challenges for routines research; it also briefly examines the limitations and future work related to using ATA in the management field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Detecting self-organising patterns in crowd motion: effect of optimisation algorithms.
- Author
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Worku, Samson and Mullick, Pratik
- Subjects
OPTIMIZATION algorithms ,SIMPLEX algorithm ,COLLECTIVE behavior ,STATISTICAL hypothesis testing ,SQUARE waves - Abstract
The escalating process of urbanization has raised concerns about incidents arising from overcrowding, necessitating a deep understanding of large human crowd behavior and the development of effective crowd management strategies. This study employs computational methods to analyze real-world crowd behaviors, emphasizing self-organizing patterns. Notably, the intersection of two streams of individuals triggers the spontaneous emergence of striped patterns, validated through both simulations and live human experiments. Addressing a gap in computational methods for studying these patterns, previous research utilized the pattern-matching technique, employing the Nelder-Mead Simplex algorithm for fitting a two-dimensional sinusoidal function to pedestrian coordinates. This paper advances the pattern-matching procedure by introducing Simulated Annealing as the optimization algorithm and employing a two-dimensional square wave for data fitting. The amalgamation of Simulated Annealing and the square wave significantly enhances pattern fitting quality, validated through statistical hypothesis tests. The study concludes by outlining potential applications of this method across diverse scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Position-Based Formation Control Scheme for Crowds Using Short Range Distance (SRD).
- Author
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Son, Jun Hyuck and Sung, Man Kyu
- Subjects
CROWD control ,COLLECTIVE behavior ,CROWDS - Abstract
In crowd simulation, representing crowd behavior in complex dynamic environments is one of the biggest challenges. In this paper, we propose new algorithms to make crowds satisfy a given formation while they are moving towards a destination. For this, we apply the Position Based Dynamics (PBD) framework, but introduce a new formation constraint based on a so-called Short Range Destination (SRD). The SRD is a short-term goal to which an agent must move in formation. In addition, a grid structure that we use for neighbor search is also used for congestion control. Depending on the congestion value, the agents in the cell may break the formation and instead exhibit emergent behaviors such as collision avoidance, but must automatically restore the original formation once the situation is resolved. Smooth movement of agents is also achieved by adding special behaviors when they are moving along the path that the user specifies. From several experiments, we show that the proposed scheme is capable of exhibiting natural aggregate behavior of crowds in real time, even for a highly condensed environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Shared Protentions in Multi-Agent Active Inference.
- Author
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Albarracin, Mahault, Pitliya, Riddhi J., St. Clere Smithe, Toby, Friedman, Daniel Ari, Friston, Karl, and Ramstead, Maxwell J. D.
- Subjects
CATEGORIES (Mathematics) ,SHEAF theory ,ACTION theory (Psychology) ,STOCHASTIC systems ,COLLECTIVE behavior ,BIOMATHEMATICS - Abstract
In this paper, we unite concepts from Husserlian phenomenology, the active inference framework in theoretical biology, and category theory in mathematics to develop a comprehensive framework for understanding social action premised on shared goals. We begin with an overview of Husserlian phenomenology, focusing on aspects of inner time-consciousness, namely, retention, primal impression, and protention. We then review active inference as a formal approach to modeling agent behavior based on variational (approximate Bayesian) inference. Expanding upon Husserl's model of time consciousness, we consider collective goal-directed behavior, emphasizing shared protentions among agents and their connection to the shared generative models of active inference. This integrated framework aims to formalize shared goals in terms of shared protentions, and thereby shed light on the emergence of group intentionality. Building on this foundation, we incorporate mathematical tools from category theory, in particular, sheaf and topos theory, to furnish a mathematical image of individual and group interactions within a stochastic environment. Specifically, we employ morphisms between polynomial representations of individual agent models, allowing predictions not only of their own behaviors but also those of other agents and environmental responses. Sheaf and topos theory facilitates the construction of coherent agent worldviews and provides a way of representing consensus or shared understanding. We explore the emergence of shared protentions, bridging the phenomenology of temporal structure, multi-agent active inference systems, and category theory. Shared protentions are highlighted as pivotal for coordination and achieving common objectives. We conclude by acknowledging the intricacies stemming from stochastic systems and uncertainties in realizing shared goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. A Light-Powered Micropump with Dynamic Collective Behavior for Reparation.
- Author
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Sun, Yunyu, Wang, Hao, Jiang, Jiwei, Zhang, Hui, Liu, Limei, Zhang, Keying, Song, Bo, and Dong, Bin
- Subjects
COLLECTIVE behavior ,ELECTRO-osmosis ,PENTACENE ,MICROMOTORS ,MICROPUMPS ,REVERSE osmosis - Abstract
Inspired by the collective behaviors of active systems in nature, the collective behavior of micromotors has attracted more and more attention in recent years. However, little attention has been paid to the collective behavior of the immobilized micromotor, i.e., the micropump. In this paper, a unique pentacene-based micropump is reported, which demonstrates dynamic collective behavior activated by white light irradiation. The light irradiation may generate the photochemical reactions between pentacene and water, leading to the electroosmotic flow. As a result, this micropump is capable of pumping the surrounding solution inward along the substrate surface based on the electroosmosis mechanism. Intriguingly, the inward pumping causes the agglomeration of the tracer particles on the surface of the micropump. In addition, the aggregation can migrate following the change in the light irradiation position between two adjacent micropumps. Based on the aggregating and migrating behaviors of this pentacene-based micropump, we have achieved the conductivity restoration of the cracked circuit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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