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Objective This study reports on food insecurity (FI) amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants and methods College students in four regions of the US completed the two-item validated Hunger Vital Sign™ screening tool on Qualtrics. Results FI increased significantly after March 2020 among US students (worry about food running out: 25% to 35%; food did not last: 17% to 21%) with significant regional increase in the Midwest and South. An adjusted multivariable logistic regression model indicated students that ran out of food were significantly at greater odds of experiencing hardship with paying bills (AOR: 5.59, 95% CI =3.90-8.06). Conclusions The findings identified an increase in the prevalence of FI among college students during the pandemic. Suggestions of how to address FI are discussed.

Cognitive information processing theory was born in response to a realisation the traditional method of individual, one hour counselling appointments prevented many college students from receiving needed support for their career decision making. Frustrated by this lack of access to career services, researchers, theorists and practitioners came together to create and provide the differentiated service delivery model. Thirty years and over 250 empirically-based articles later, CIP theory continues to synergistically inform research and practice across various venues, locations and populations. In this article, the authors, consisting of a team of CIP theorists, researchers and practitioners share practical examples, challenges, strategies to address those challenges, and recommendation on building a community of practice to address the praxis among these important elements.

Objective: Persons with high-risk for severe COVID-19 illness require special attention when considering university operations during the novel coronavirus pandemic. The objective of this study was to determine the number of students who fall within a high-risk category according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines using linked databases. Participants: Students enrolled at a large public University and who accessed the student health center between 2016 and 2020. Methods: Clinical data were linked with both university student enrollment and disability services databases to provide a comprehensive, de-identified dataset of students at higher medical risk of severe COVID-19 illness. Results: 1902 unique students (14% of the student health center population) were identified as having one or more high-risk condition. Conclusions: Utilizing a large and longitudinally linked student database provides universities with valuable information to make critical administrative decisions about how best to accommodate high-risk students to reduce their medical risk when returning to in-person instruction.

Objective: This study examined the prevalence of food insecurity (FI) among students attending Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) in the Southeastern United States. Participants: Students attending four HBCUs (N = 351) completed an anonymous Web-based survey. Methods: Food insecurity was assessed using the 2-item Hunger Vital Sign Tool. Summary statistics were used to quantify FI experiences. Logistic regression was conducted to determine if student demographic characteristics were significantly associated with FI outcomes. Results: Nearly 3 in 4 students (72.9%) reported some level of FI in the past year. Students representing all levels of postsecondary education reported FI. Meal plan participation did not prevent FI. Conclusions: Students attending HBCUs experience FI at levels that exceed estimates reported among students attending predominantly White institutions. More work is needed to understand the lived experience of food-insecure HBCU students as a means to ensure institution-level food policies support student academic success and wellbeing.

Computer programmers in the U.S. labor force are facing a shortage. Focusing on recruiting females has the potential to address this shortage. Computing is a male dominated field which provides an opportunity to recruit the other 50% of the population, females, to fill the open positions. This work studies gender differences in computer programming based on an Hour of Code tutorial. Following a pre- and post-test design, this work demonstrates that males have significantly more previous exposure to computer programming and are significantly more interested in pursuing computer programming. Results also indicate that females do equally as well or better in programming comprehension. In one comprehension question following the tutorial, women significantly outperformed men demonstrating that women may have a higher aptitude for computer programming; however, they are underrepresented in the job market. Based on our results, we suggest that more should be done in early formative years to attract females into computer programming to aid in filling the gap of the projected employment market.

Background: The practice of preventive health behaviors, such as regular handwashing, use of hand sanitizers, wearing facemasks in public, and maintaining safe physical distance can help contain the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Purpose: This study aimed to understand factors that influence university students' COVID-19 preventive behaviors by using the social ecological model (SEM). Methods: A total of 112 students shared their experiences with COVID-19 including their preventive behaviors by responding to an open-ended question via Qualtrics. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The analysis resulted in various preventive factors across five levels of SEM--perceived responsibility for one's health; lack of health insurance coverage; support of preventive measures for the protection of loved ones; dyad health communication; satisfaction with enforcement measures to protect students by universities; health safety prioritization by employers; downplaying susceptibility to the virus; media hype of the virus; and politicization of the virus and lack of regulations; lack of regulations to mandate precautionary measures; and mistrust of information sources. Translation to Health Education Practice: Since the COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing, the findings of this study can be used by college and university administrators to empower and motivate students to engage in COVID-19 preventive measures.

Objective: Previous research has found that college students experience both positive and negative outcomes after a hookup. The present study examined the role that hookup motives and sex play in determining the overall positivity and negativity of the experience. Participants: College students (N = 156) completed an online survey about their most recent hookup. Method: The survey assessed hookup motivations and outcomes. Results: Lower coping motives and higher social-sexual, relationship-seeking, and enhancement motives predicted more positive outcomes. Higher coping motives and lower social-sexual, conformity, and enhancement motives predicted more negative outcomes. For men, positive outcomes were correlated with weaker enhancement motives, while negative outcomes were correlated with more enhancement motives. For women, higher levels of positive outcomes were positively correlated with enhancement, social-sexual, and relationship-seeking motives, while negative outcomes were negatively correlated with social-sexual, enhancement, and coping motives. Conclusions: The results of this study have implications for risk prevention and future research.

Objective: To understand the distribution of healthy and unhealthy food stores near historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs). Participants and methods: Using ArcGIS Pro's network analysis tools and ReferenceUSA database, this study characterized the healthy (favorable) and unhealthy (unfavorable) retail food stores within a 5-mile radius, 15-min driving, and 15-min walking distance from each HBCU in North Carolina. Results: Most retail food stores within a 5-mile buffer radius of the 10 HBCUs in North Carolina were unfavorable. Within 15-min driving from each HBCU, 1082 stores (76.0%) were unfavorable food stores, while 332 (24.0%) were favorable. Additionally, there were four favorable and 35 unfavorable retail food stores within the 15-min walking distance of each HBCU. Conclusions: Favorable food retail stores around HBCUs in North Carolina are limited. Researchers, policy makers, and community stakeholders should work together to improve food environments surrounding HBCUs.

This study investigates the delivery of the "Hour of Code" tutorials to college students. The college students who participated in this study were surveyed about their opinion of the Hour of Code. First, the students' comments were discussed. Next, a content analysis of the offered tutorials highlights their reliance on visual programming in stylized languages with continual feedback in gaming contexts. Difficulties in delivery stem in part from the poor organization of tutorials from Code.org which makes it difficult to locate suitable tutorials. Based on the analysis of the students' comments and the content analysis of the "Hour of Code" tutorials, the authors suggest that a deeper alignment of marketing, teaching organizations, and content providers would help sustain the type of initiative exemplified by the Hour of Code.

Within Vietnam's higher education system, traditional norm-referenced approaches to student assessment continue to be widely adopted. Though the system is progressively being reformed with a view to achieving comparability with leading higher education systems globally, student assessment policies and practices have so far proven to be resistant to change. This article addresses the challenge of achieving change in these policies and practices. It is informed by an ethnographic investigation of experiences with student assessment for a selected sample group of academic staff members at three significant teacher training universities in Vietnam. A framework for achieving change is proposed in light of these experiences and having regard to insights from the relevant conceptual literature.

Student veterans often encounter unique challenges related to career development. The significant number of student veterans entering postsecondary environments requires career-development professionals addressing the needs of this population to decide upon appropriate career intervention topics. This study utilized a career-needs assessment survey to determine the appropriate needs of student veterans in a university setting. Student veterans indicated a desire to focus on the following topics within career intervention: transitioning military experience to civilian work, developing skills in résumé-building and networking, and negotiating job offers. Results of the needs survey can be used in the development of a career-related assessment.

Objective: This study assessed whether college students felt less safe or were less likely to work with another student when they thought the person they would work with was carrying a handgun than when they did not. Participants: Seventy participants were recruited from a public US university where campus carry was legal. Methods: Participants were led to believe a confederate was carrying a handgun or not. Participants' perceived safety and willingness to work with others was assessed. Results: No difference was found in participants' perceived safety. Participants who believed another student was carrying a concealed handgun reported they would be less likely to perform certain tasks with the handgun carrier than they would with the non-carrier. Conclusions: People do not feel less safe around a handgun-carrying confederate and that allowing concealed handguns on campus might affect handgun carriers' interpersonal interactions with others in suboptimal ways.

Utilizing a web-based simulation Statecraft, we explore the relative influence of ideology (realism and idealism) on student behavior and learning. By placing students into ideologically cohesive groups, we are able to demonstrate the effect of their ideology on the goals they pursue and identify the constraints imposed on the system by the behavior of groups as well.

Resident Assistants (RAs) are often faced with working and living among residents who are struggling, in distress, and, at times, in crisis. This article provides a primer on identifying residents in crisis as well as the tasks faced when working with students in transition and crisis. A discussion of the prevalence of distress reported by students is followed by a review of the unique stressors encountered by entering students. This article highlights the importance of, and challenges with, identifying residents in need, engaging them in supportive ways, and considering broader prevention efforts on campus. Implications for confidentiality, creating a supportive campus climate, and supporting RAs' own mental health needs when working with residents in crisis are discussed. [Discussion questions developed by Diane Waryold and Pam Schreiber.]

Background: Engineering programs have high attrition rates, and once in college, students are unlikely to migrate to engineering from other majors. Factors that influence retention must be assessed. Purpose: This study investigated the relationships of aptitude and personality traits in predicting retention for persisting students, those leaving in good standing, and those leaving in poor standing. Design/Method: Participants were entering first-year students from 2007 to 2010. Aptitude was assessed by the Assessment and LEarning in Knowledge Spaces (ALEKS) placement test as a measure of calculus readiness, Scholastic Aptitude Tests (math and verbal), and high school grade point average (GPA). Personality traits were assessed by the NEO Five-Factor Inventory and a measure of locus of control. A multinomial logistic regression was performed with students who persisted as the reference group. Results: Significant aptitude predictors for retention were high school GPA, SAT math, and ALEKS scores. Conscientiousness was the only significant personality factor. Conclusion: Math skills, especially calculus readiness, were strong predictors of retention. High school academic performance and Conscientiousness were also significant predictors. Application of these findings includes helping students with deficiencies, especially in calculus readiness, as well as fostering an environment that encourages conscientious academic behaviors.

An essential student competency for living and engaging with people's deepest differences is civility. Several recent articles in "About Campus" have suggested both the urgency and educational value of student dialogue and understanding--especially when it comes to religious and ideological differences on campus. More specifically, the way to accomplish this is to confront embedded inequalities on the basis of religious (and nonreligious) difference, as one has with race and gender. Civility is more than simply politeness or courtesy. Civility involves more than being nice to one another or getting along; it focuses on civic responsibility and commitment to forging a common good. It takes seriously that differences make a big impact on the way people live their lives together in community. Its implications for campuses include: (1) helping students come to a place of respect for one another's religious convictions and ideologies; and (2) teaching students how to reason together fairly with others about underlying principles and common goals. Part of developing multicultural competence is acquiring the ability to be supportive without necessarily being in agreement. Part of civility is learning to agree to disagree agreeably. Whether it's the formal curriculum or the hidden curriculum, the competency of civility provides a framework for students to interrelate based on their deepest differences. In this article, the author proposes a framework of civility for religious pluralism on campus.

The recreational use of "Salvia divinorum" has received increased attention by media outlets and policy-makers in recent years. The vast absence of research to guide the dissemination of information has prompted this research note describing the use of this substance in a large public institution of higher education. The prevalence of "Salvia divinorum" is described in this context and a description of patterns of use, methods of acquisition, and a subjective estimation of continuance are proffered. (Contains 1 table and 2 figures.)

Interviewed 26 lesbian college students about body image concerns and lesbian identity. Results indicate that these young lesbians had a body ideal that included thinness and fitness. The complexity of lesbians' feelings about their bodies and conflicts between lesbian and mainstream body image values are explored. (SLD)

Reports a study that examined the degree to which undergraduate community health education students are professionalized. Surveys of 179 students from 15 programs nationwide indicated that students had a moderate-high degree of professionalization. Students who intended to take the certification examination for Health Education Specialists were the most professionalized. (SM)

Sees first phase in human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) prevention on many campuses to be focused on education. Calls second phase HIV testing for early diagnosis. Explains steps taken to implement HIV testing program on suburban campus and discusses student program evaluation. (Author/NB)

Researched hypothesis-testing strategies (HTSs) used by counselors. Undergraduates and counselors-in-training interacted with a computer-simulated client counselor, then counselor. Of the three HTSs (confirmatory, disconfirmatory, and unbiased), the unbiased HTS was preferred choice of HTS, was stable across time and with different feedback, and unbiased and disconfirmatory HTSs were more accurate assessment strategies than confirmatory. (Author/KS)

This study reports on food insecurity (FI) amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. College students in four regions of the US completed the two-item validated Hunger Vital Sign™ screening tool on Qualtrics. FI increased significantly after March 2020 among US students (worry about food running out: 25% to 35%; food did not last: 17% to 21%) with significant regional increase in the Midwest and South. An adjusted multivariable logistic regression model indicated students that ran out of food were significantly at greater odds of experiencing hardship with paying bills (AOR: 5.59, 95% CI =3.90-8.06). The findings identified an increase in the prevalence of FI among college students during the pandemic. Suggestions of how to address FI are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite suicide ideation being one of the most frequently reported health issues impacting tertiary students, there is a paucity of research evaluating the efficacy of preventive interventions aimed at improving mental health outcomes for students studying at two tertiary institutes. The current study evaluated the efficacy of the "Talk-to-Me" Mass Open Online Course (MOOC) in improving tertiary students' abilities to support the mental health of themselves and their peers via a randomised controlled trial design, comparing them to a waitlist control group. Overall, 129 tertiary students (M = 25.22 years, SD = 7.43; 80% female) undertaking a health science or education course at two Western Australian universities were randomly allocated to either "Talk-to-Me" (n = 66) or waitlist control (n = 63) groups. The participants' responses to suicidal statements (primary outcome), knowledge of mental health, generalised self-efficacy, coping skills, and overall utility of the program (secondary outcomes) were collected at three timepoints (baseline 10-weeks and 24-weeks from baseline). Assessment time and group interaction were explored using a random-effects regression model, examining changes in the primary and secondary outcomes. Intention-to-treat analysis (N = 129) at 10-weeks demonstrated a significant improvement in generalised self-efficacy for "Talk-to-Me" compared to the control group (ES = 0.36, p =.04), with only the "Talk-to-Me" participants reporting increased knowledge in responding to suicidal ideation (primary outcome). This change was sustained for 24 weeks. Findings provide preliminary evidence suggesting that the "Talk-to-Me" MOOC can effectively improve tertiary students' mental health and knowledge of how to support themselves and others in distress. ACTRN12619000630112, registered 18-03-2019, anzctr.org.au. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although there has been increased attention to campus sexual and relationship violence (SRV) because of Title IX and the #MeToo movement, much of that attention has focused on victimization of cisgender heterosexual women. This scoping review uncovers information from empirical studies on what is known about LGBTQ+ (e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and nonbinary) students' experiences of campus SRV. Using rigorous scoping review methods (i.e., searches of 15 databases, searches of expert websites, hand searching, reference harvesting, and forward citation chaining), we identified 60 documents published since 2000 that contained findings from empirical studies related to LGBTQ+ students and SRV on U.S. college and university campuses. Through content analysis, we summarized findings around five key themes: (1) extent and types of victimization, (2) negative outcomes, (3) knowledge of and attitudes about SRV, (4) perspectives on SRV services and prevention education programs, and (5) recommendations from study authors based on their findings. Implications for research, practice, and policy based on these findings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Australian university students are at risk of experiencing poor mental health, being vulnerable to self‐harm and suicidal ideation. Aim: "Talk‐to‐Me" is a suicide ideation prevention Massive open online course (MOOC) previously showing it can support Western Australian university students' knowledge of identifying and responding to suicide ideation in themselves and others. Methods: A multi‐site one‐group pre‐test/post‐test design with a 12‐week follow‐up explored the efficacy of "Talk‐to‐Me" for university students Australia‐wide, evaluating the influence of COVID‐19 and location. Overall, 217 students (55% female; mage = 24.93 years [18, 60]) enrolled in this study from 2020 to 2021. Participants' responses to suicidal statements, mental health literacy, generalized self‐efficacy, help‐seeking behavior, and overall utility of the program were collected at baseline, post‐MOOC (10 weeks from baseline) and 12‐week follow‐up. The effect of time and location interaction was explored using a random‐effects regression model. Results: Findings indicated significant improvement in participants' knowledge of positive mental health support strategies (ES = 0.42, p < 0.001) and recognizing appropriate responses to suicidal statements (ES = 0.37, p < 0.001) at 10‐weeks, with further improvement at 12 weeks follow‐up (ES = 0.47 and 0.46, p < 0.001). Students reported higher generalized self‐efficacy at the 12‐week follow‐up compared to baseline (ES = 0.19, p = 0.03) and an increased tendency to seek professional help for mental health issues (ES = 0.22, p = 0.02). Conclusion: These findings provide preliminary evidence of the efficacy of the "Talk‐to‐Me" program in supporting ‎university students across Australia to increase their suicide‐related knowledge and skills, ‎general self‐efficacy, and overall mental fitness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Persons with high-risk for severe COVID-19 illness require special attention when considering university operations during the novel coronavirus pandemic. The objective of this study was to determine the number of students who fall within a high-risk category according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines using linked databases. Participants: Students enrolled at a large public University and who accessed the student health center between 2016 and 2020. Methods: Clinical data were linked with both university student enrollment and disability services databases to provide a comprehensive, de-identified dataset of students at higher medical risk of severe COVID-19 illness. Results: 1902 unique students (14% of the student health center population) were identified as having one or more high-risk condition. Conclusions: Utilizing a large and longitudinally linked student database provides universities with valuable information to make critical administrative decisions about how best to accommodate high-risk students to reduce their medical risk when returning to in-person instruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rape myths are cultural beliefs that invalidate, blame, and stigmatize rape survivors, thereby perpetuating sexual violence. Few studies have explored associations between rape myth acceptance (RMA) and mental health outcomes, but evidence suggests that RMA can buffer the mental health impact of some forms of sexual assault. The current study examined the buffering effect of RMA on depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms using self-report data from an online survey of 500 female college students. Findings provided support for the buffering effect of RMA on the association between any sexual assault and PTSD symptoms. Experiencing any sexual assault was significantly associated with greater PTSD symptoms among participants with low RMA, whereas this association was only marginally significant among those with high RMA. Findings demonstrate that there are some contexts in which high RMA might lessen the mental health impact of sexual assault. Thus, it is possible that as progress is made to dismantle rape myths in society, mental health symptoms amongst some survivors may exacerbate, thereby increasing the demand for mental health services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Previous research has found that college students experience both positive and negative outcomes after a hookup. The present study examined the role that hookup motives and sex play in determining the overall positivity and negativity of the experience. Participants: College students (N = 156) completed an online survey about their most recent hookup. Method: The survey assessed hookup motivations and outcomes. Results: Lower coping motives and higher social-sexual, relationship-seeking, and enhancement motives predicted more positive outcomes. Higher coping motives and lower social-sexual, conformity, and enhancement motives predicted more negative outcomes. For men, positive outcomes were correlated with weaker enhancement motives, while negative outcomes were correlated with more enhancement motives. For women, higher levels of positive outcomes were positively correlated with enhancement, social-sexual, and relationship-seeking motives, while negative outcomes were negatively correlated with social-sexual, enhancement, and coping motives. Conclusions: The results of this study have implications for risk prevention and future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To determine risk factors associated with concussion among the general collegiate population using a unique data linkage methodology.Methods: Student health medical, counseling, and disability access service data were linked with university enrollment data to provide a comprehensive, deidentified dataset of students who sought care at the student health center for concussion from 2016-2020. Using chi-squared tests and logistic regression, characteristics of students with and without concussion were evaluated.Results: During the study period, 506 concussions from 474 students were identified (cumulative incidence rate of 51.7 per 10,000 students). Significant predictors of concussion included: younger age (<21 years): odds ratio (OR) = 3.52 (95% confidence intervals [CI], 2.78, 4.50), Greek affiliation: OR = 1.89 (95% CI, 1.56, 2.30), and utilization of counseling and psychological services: OR = 1.92 (95% CI 1.59, 2.32). Of the students with concussion, 47% had at least one other concussion within the preceding year. History of prior hospitalization or medical imaging for head injury increased subsequent concussion risk by 4.5 fold.Conclusions: Linking unique datasets provides a richer understanding of the characteristics and risk factors associated with student concussions than analysis of a single data source. This comprehensive dataset will enable future targeted interventions to prevent and treat college student concussions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Internet of Things (IoT), through its interconnected devices, are designed to make our lives easier. Many students own and consistently use smart devices that are part of the IoT family. However, this ease of use comes with security issues such as lower encryption, authentication and identity management. This study examines student awareness of IoT devices and security practices for protecting oneself when using them. The study finds that students are largely unaware of devices that are considered part of IoT or what are the security best practices. The implication from the exploratory study is that educational opportunities should be added to the curriculum to ensure students across the University are aware of both technologies as they may someday be a consumer or developer of IoT technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals with chronic ankle instability have decreased peak torque during maximum voluntary contraction in ankle evertors/invertors, and hip abductors. However, it is unclear whether individuals with chronic ankle instability and/or copers demonstrate decreased rate of torque development in ankle evertors/invertors, and hip abductors. 54 university-aged participants (18 chronic ankle instability, 18 copers, and 18 controls) performed three maximal isometric contractions for ankle evertors and invertors, and hip abductors. Rate of torque development was defined as the linear slope of the torque-time curve during the first 200 ms of each contraction and compared between the three groups using a one-way analysis of variance (α = 0.05). The chronic ankle instability group showed 38.1% less rate of torque development than the coper (P = 0.03 and d = 0.84) and 37.1% than the control groups (P = 0.03 and d = 1.03) in the ankle evertors. For the hip abductors, there were moderate effects between the chronic ankle instability group and the copers (P = 0.06 and d = 0.70), and control groups (P = 0.06 and d = 0.75). The observed between-groups differences in rate of torque development indicate that restoring rate of torque development after lateral ankle sprain may be important to reduce risk of reinjury and development of chronic ankle instability. Clinicians should consider the rate of torque development in the ankle evertors and hip abductors during rehabilitation chronic ankle instability patients. • Chronic ankle instability is associated with lower rate of torque development in ankle evertors. • The coper group showed no differences in the rate of torque development compared to controls. • The rate of torque development should be restored following a lateral ankle sprain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study assessed whether college students felt less safe or were less likely to work with another student when they thought the person they would work with was carrying a handgun than when they did not. Participants: Seventy participants were recruited from a public US university where campus carry was legal. Methods: Participants were led to believe a confederate was carrying a handgun or not. Participants' perceived safety and willingness to work with others was assessed. Results: No difference was found in participants' perceived safety. Participants who believed another student was carrying a concealed handgun reported they would be less likely to perform certain tasks with the handgun carrier than they would with the non-carrier. Conclusions: People do not feel less safe around a handgun-carrying confederate and that allowing concealed handguns on campus might affect handgun carriers' interpersonal interactions with others in suboptimal ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]