6 results on '"Figner, Bernd"'
Search Results
2. Exploring Individual Differences in Decision-Making and the Experience of Emotion: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the Columbia Card Task
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Figner, Bernd, Stewart, Kaycee, and Morton, J. Bruce
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FOS: Psychology ,Cognitive Psychology ,Psychology ,alexithymia ,Social and Behavioral Sciences ,Columbia Card Task - Abstract
The current project investigates relations between emotion and decision-making. Participants completed several questionnaires assessing their demographics, depression, and alexithymia. They also completed two version of the Columbia Card Task (CCT), a dynamic risky decision-making task.
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- 2023
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3. Neural Correlates of Expected Risks and Returns in Risky Choice across Development.
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van Duijvenvoorde, Anna C. K., Huizenga, Hilde M., Somerville, Leah H., Delgado, Mauricio R., Powers, Alisa, Weeda, Wouter D., Casey, B. J., Weber, Elke U., and Figner, Bernd
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RISK-taking behavior in adolescence ,PREFRONTAL cortex ,NEURAL circuitry ,DECISION making ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,FUNCTIONAL magnetic resonance imaging ,PHYSIOLOGY - Abstract
Adolescence is often described as a period of increased risk taking relative to both childhood and adulthood. This inflection in risky choice behavior has been attributed to a neurobiological imbalance between earlier developing motivational systems and later developing top-down control regions. Yet few studies have decomposed risky choice to investigate the underlying mechanisms or tracked their differential developmental trajectory. The current study uses a risk-return decomposition to more precisely assess the development of processes underlying risky choice and to link them more directly to specific neural mechanisms. This decomposition specifies the influence of changing risks (outcome variability) and changing returns (expected value) on the choices of children, adolescents, and adults in a dynamic risky choice task, the Columbia Card Task. Behaviorally, risk aversion increased across age groups, with adults uniformly risk averse and adolescents showing substantial individual differences in risk sensitivity, ranging from risk seeking to risk averse. Neurally, we observed an adolescent peak in risk-related activation in the anterior insula and dorsal medial PFC. Return sensitivity, on the other hand, increased monotonically across age groups and was associated with increased activation in the ventral medial PFC and posterior cingulate cortex with age. Our results implicate adolescence as a developmental phase of increased neural risk sensitivity. Importantly, this work shows that using a behaviorally validated decision-making framework allows a precise operationalization of key constructs underlying risky choice that inform the interpretation of results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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4. Emotion regulation and risk taking: Predicting risky choice in deliberative decision making.
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Panno, Angelo, Lauriola, Marco, and Figner, Bernd
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EMOTIONS & cognition ,RISK-taking behavior ,DECISION making ,CHOICE (Psychology) ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,PROBABILITY theory - Abstract
Only very recently has research demonstrated that experimentally inducedemotion regulationstrategies (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression) affect risky choice (e.g., Heilman et al., 2010). However, it is unknown whether this effect also operates viahabitualuse of emotion regulation strategies in risky choice involving deliberative decision making. We investigated the role of habitual use of emotion regulation strategies in risky choice using the “cold” deliberative version of the Columbia Card Task (CCT; Figner et al., 2009). Fifty-three participants completed the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ; Gross & John, 2003) and—one month later—the CCT and the PANAS. Greater habitual cognitive reappraisal use was related to increased risk taking, accompanied by decreased sensitivity to changes in probability and loss amount. Greater habitual expressive suppression use was related to decreased risk taking. The results show that habitual use of reappraisal and suppression strategies predict risk taking when decisions involve predominantly cognitive-deliberative processes. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2013
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5. Who Takes Risks When and Why? Determinants of Risk Taking.
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Figner, Bernd and Weber, Elke U.
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RISK-taking behavior , *INDIVIDUAL differences , *DECISION making , *HUMAN behavior , *GENDER , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Life is full of risky decisions, from the mundane to matters of life or death. Individuals differ in the risks they accept (or even deliberately embrace). However, risk taking is not a single trait but is a behavior influenced by characteristics of the situation (what the decision is about and to what extent it engages affect vs. deliberation), the decision maker (age and gender), and interactions between situation and decision maker. Understanding the mechanisms behind risk taking--or who takes risks when and why--is particularly important when the goal is to influence and modify the behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2011
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6. Self-Regulation and Emotion: Predicting Risky Choice
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Panno, Angelo, Lauriola, Marco, and Figner, Bernd
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Emotion ,Columbia Card task ,Settori Disciplinari MIUR::Scienze storiche, filosofiche, pedagogiche e psicologiche ,Balloon Analogue Risk Task ,Negative Outcome Focus ,Regret ,Risk Taking ,Scienze storiche, filosofiche, pedagogiche e psicologiche [Settori Disciplinari MIUR] ,Emotion Regulation ,Behavioral measures of risk ,Mediation and moderation models ,Regulatory Mode ,Meta-Analysis - Abstract
All of the experiments presented in this dissertation focus on people's risk taking. In order to shed light on mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, I point out how emotions (i.e., anticipated emotions, integral emotions, anticipated regret, and emotion regulation strategies) and individuals' goal-oriented self-regulation (i.e., regulatory mode) affect risky behaviors. First – in the present dissertation – I introduce a comprehensive series of three studies (i.e., chapter 2) demonstrating whether and how individuals' regulatory modes affect individual differences in taking risky choices. I further focus on the role of anticipated regret to explain how it arises from regulatory mode, and in turn, affects risk taking. In keeping with this view, the present work sheds light on mechanisms underlying the relationships among decision-maker's regulatory mode, anticipated emotions and risk taking. Second (i.e., chapter 3), I introduce a relatively new theory studied in decision-making research (Emotion Regulation Theory; ER, Gross & John, 2003), demonstrating how ER strategies adopted from people predict risky choices occurring in deliberative processes (i.e., processes which predominantly involve anticipated emotions). But the present work does more than this. Indeed, the chapter 4 shows how situationally induced ER strategies affect risky choices occurring in decision processes related to high emotional arousal level (i.e., processes which predominantly involve integral emotion) as well as demonstrating how a personality variable (i.e., negative focus on potential outcome; see chapter 4, for more details) moderates the relationship between ER strategy and risk taking. To summarize – on the one hand – findings of the present studies shed light on emotional processes underlying human decisions under risk. On the another hand, they shed light on both regulatory mode theory and emotion regulation theory. More specifically, these findings extend our knowledge in five ways: First, they show how decision maker's self-regulatory mode (i.e., assessment and locomotion) affect people's risky choices (i.e., chapter 2). More specifically, I find that assessment mode – in comparison to locomotion mode – lead to decreased risk-taking level. It is worth nothing that, these tendencies have been shown in both habitual use and situationally induced of regulatory modes. Second, they show the trajectory of anticipated regret in making decisions under risk (i.e., chapter 2). In particular, I show that assessment mode increases the regret emotion, which in turn, decreases risk-taking level. By contrast, locomotion mode decreases the regret emotion, which in turn, increases risk-taking level. Third, they show that habitual use of emotion regulation strategies (i.e., cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression) predict individual differences in taking risk under deliberative processes (i.e., chapter 3). More specifically, cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression were significantly correlated with risk taking, in opposite directions: Stronger habitual use of reappraisal was associated with increased risk taking while stronger habitual use of suppression was associated with decreased risk taking. Four, they show how situationally induced emotion regulation strategies affect people's risky choices which involve higher arousal levels (e.g., when occurring integral emotions; i.e., chapter 4). In particular, situationally induced suppression ER strategy—compared to reappraisal—significantly decreases risk taking only among people with a higher negative outcome focus. Five, based on chapter 4's findings it is showed that habitual use of negative outcome focus on risky choice moderates the expressive suppression's effect in human decisions under risk. The experiments presented in the following chapters offer solid evidence of the mediating role of anticipated regret between decision-maker's regulatory modes and risky behavior. Moreover, robust evidence is showed on mechanisms underlying the relationship between ER strategies and risky decision making. Thus, we can claim that the quality of a decisional output is not only influenced by integral or anticipated emotions, but also by the effectiveness the regulatory strategies employed to control the affective states.
- Published
- 2013
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