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Let R be a prime ring of characteristic different from 2, U its Utumi quotient ring, C the center of U, F a non-zero generalized derivation of R and L a non-commutative Lie ideal of R. Suppose that there exists $$0\ne a\in R$$ such that $$a(u^s[F(u),u]u^t)^n=0$$ for all $$u \in L$$ , where $$s\ge 0, t\ge 0, n\ge 1$$ are fixed integers. Then either $$F(x)=\alpha x$$ for all $$x\in R$$ with $$\alpha \in C$$ or R satisfies $$s_4(x_1,\ldots ,x_4)$$ , the standard identity in four variables, and $$F(x)=bx+xb+\alpha x$$ for all $$x\in R$$ , for some $$b\in U$$ and $$\alpha \in C$$ .

Let $R$ be a prime ring with center $Z$ and $I$ be a nonzero ideal of $R$. In this manuscript, we investigate the action of skew derivation $(\delta,\varphi)$ of $R$ which acts as a homomorphism or an anti-homomorphism on $I$. Moreover, we provide an example for semiprime case.

Let R be a prime ring with center Z(R) and I a nonzero right ideal of R. Suppose that R admits a generalized reverse derivation (F, d) such that d(Z(R)) ≠ 0. In the present paper, we shall prove that if one of the following conditions holds: (i) F (xy) ± xy ∈ Z(R) (ii) F ([x, y]) ± [F (x), y] ∈ Z(R) (iii) F ([x, y]) ± [F (x), F (y)] ∈ Z(R) (iv) F (x ο y) ± F (x) ο F (y) ∈ Z(R) (v) [F (x), y] ± [x, F (y)] ∈ Z(R) (vi) F (x) ο y ± x ο F (y) ∈ Z(R) for all x, y ∈ I, then R is commutative.

Let $R$ be a prime ring, $I$ a nonzero ideal of $R$ and $m, n$ fixed positive integers. If $R$ admits a generalized derivation $F$ associated with a nonzero derivation $d$ such that $(F([x,y])^{m}=[x,y]_{n}$ for all $x,y\in I$, then $R$ is commutative. Moreover we also examine the case when $R$ is a semiprime ring.

Let Γ be a non-abelian group and Ω ⊆ Γ. We define the commuting graph G = 𝒞(Γ, Ω) with vertex set Ω and two distinct elements of Ω are joined by an edge when they commute in Γ. In this article, among some properties of commuting graphs, we investigate distant properties as well as detour distant properties of commuting graph on D2n. We also study the metric dimension of commuting graph on D2n and compute its resolving polynomial.

Let R be a prime ring, I a nonzero ideal of R, and a ∈ R. Suppose that σ is a nontrivial automorphism of R such that a{(σ(x ∘ y))n − (x ∘ y)m} = 0 or a{(σ([x,y]))n − ([x,y])m} = 0 for all x,y ∈ I, where n and m are fixed positive integers. We prove that if char(R) > n + 1 or char(R) = 0, then either a = 0 or R is commutative.

Let R be a 2-torsion-free prime ring with center Z(R), F a generalized derivation associated with a nonzero derivation d, L a Lie ideal of R. If ( d ( u ) l 1 F ( u ) l 2 d ( u ) l 3 F ( u ) l 4 … F ( u ) l k ) n = 0 for all u ∈ L, where l1, l2, … , lk are fixed non-negative integers not all zero, and n is fixed positive integer, then L ⊆ Z(R). We also examine the case when R is a semiprime ring. Finally, we apply the above result to Banach algebras.

Let R be a prime ring with center Z(R), J a nonzero left ideal, \(\alpha \) an automorphism of R and R admits a generalized \((\alpha ,\alpha )\)-derivation F associated with a nonzero \({(}\alpha ,\alpha {)}\)-derivation d such that \(d(Z(R))\ne (0)\). In the present paper, we prove that if any one of the following holds: \(\textit{(i)}\) \(F([x,y])-\alpha ([x,y])\in Z(R)\) (ii) \(F([x,y])+\alpha ([x,y])\in Z(R)\) (iii) \(F(x \circ y)-\alpha (x \circ y)\in Z(R)\) (iv) \(F(x \circ y)-\alpha (x \circ y)\in Z(R)\) for all \(x,y\in J\), then R is commutative. Also some related results have been obtained.

Let \(R\) be a prime ring of characteristic different from \(2\) and \(3\), \(L\) a non-central Lie ideal of \(R\), \((d,\sigma )\) a nonzero skew derivation of \(R\), \(n\) a fixed positive integer. If \([d(x),x]^{n}=0\) for all \(x\in L\), then \(R\) satisfies \(s_{4}\).

Let R be a prime ring, let L a noncentral Lie ideal, and let f be a nonzero semiderivation associated with an automorphism σ such that f(u)ⁿ = 0 for all u ∈ L; where n is a fixed positive integer. If either Char R > n + 1 or Char R = 0; then R satisfies s₄; the standard identity in four variables. Нехай R — просте кільцє, L — нецентральний ідеал Лі та f — ненульова напівпохідна, асоційована з автоморфiзмом a таким, що f(u)ⁿ=0 для всіх uЄL, де n — фіксоване натуральне число. Якщо Char R>n+1 або Char R=0, то R задовольняє стандартну тотожність s₄ у чотирьох змінних.