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Tackles the role of protein tyrosine kinases (PTK) and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP) in modulating cellular levels of phosphotyrosine in resting T cells. Overview of T cell receptor signal transduction; Regulation of nonreceptor PTK by tyrosine phosphorylation; Role of PTP CD45 in regulating immune cell function.

Background: Beef cuts in different regions of the carcass have different meat quality due to their distinct physiological function. The objective of this study was to characterize the region-specific expression differences using comparative transcriptomics analysis among five representative beef cuts (tenderloin, longissimus lumborum, rump, neck, chuck). Results: We obtained 15,701 expressed genes in 30 muscle samples across five regions from carcass meat. We identified a total of 80 region-specific genes (RSGs), ranging from three (identified in the rump cut) to thirty (identified in the longissimus lumborum cut), and detected 25 transcription factors (TFs) for RSGs. Using a co-expression network analysis, we detected seven region-specific modules, including three positively correlated modules and four negatively correlated modules. We finally obtained 91 candidate genes related to meat quality, and the functional enrichment analyses showed that these genes were mainly involved in muscle fiber structure (e.g., TNNI1, TNNT1), fatty acids (e.g., SCD, LPL), amino acids (ALDH2, IVD, ACADS), ion channel binding (PHPT1, SNTA1, SUMO1, CNBP), protein processing (e.g., CDC37, GAPDH, NRBP1), as well as energy production and conversion (e.g., ATP8, COX8B, NDUFB6). Moreover, four candidate genes (ALDH2, CANX, IVD, PHPT1) were validated using RT-qPCR analyses which further supported our RNA-seq results. Conclusions: Our results provide valuable insights into understanding the transcriptome regulation of meat quality in different beef cuts, and these findings may further help to improve the selection for health-beneficial meat in beef cattle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To compare dental procedures, time, success rates and fees associated with pediatric dental treatment using oral moderate sedation (SED) and general anesthesia (GA) in a pediatric dentistry residency program. Methods: This retrospective chart review included a convenience sample of 50 patients between 2016 and 2017 who received SED and 50 patients who received GA for dental treatment. Healthy 24- to 71-month old Medicaid-insured patients who received restorative dental treatment were included. Treatment time and procedure codes were abstracted from the dental record. Fees were calculated based upon the pharmacologic modality utilized to complete each patient's treatment plan. Results: On average, GA patients were younger (P<0.001) and received a greater number (12.8 versus 5.6; P<0.001) and complexity of dental procedures than those in the SED group (P<0.001). Pharmacologic fees associated with GA were higher ($653 for GA, $137 for SED, P<0.001). The overall SED success rate was 66 percent and significantly differed by the number of visits required, with the highest success rate (74 percent) at the second visit (P=0.011). Conclusions: Procedures performed, time, success rates and associated fees differed significantly between SED and GA. These characteristics should be considered when planning treatment for pediatric patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on cross-correlation algorithm, we analyze the correlation property of warehouse-out quantity of different warehouses, respectively, and different products of each warehouse. Our study identifies that significant cross-correlation relationship for warehouse-out quantity exists among different warehouses and different products of a warehouse. Further, we take multifractal detrended cross-correlation analysis for warehouse-out quantity among different warehouses and different products of a warehouse. The results show that for the warehouse-out behaviors of total amount, different warehouses and different products of a warehouse significantly follow multifractal property. Specifically for each warehouse, the coupling relationships of rebar and wire rod reveal long-term memory characteristics, no matter for large fluctuation or small one. The cross-correlation effect on long-range memory property among warehouses probably has less to do with product types,and the long-term memory of YZ warehouse is greater than others especially in total amount and wire rod product. Finally, we shuffle and surrogate data to explore the source of multifractal cross-correlation property in logistics system. Taking the total amount of warehouse-out quantity as example, we confirm that the fat-tail distribution of warehouse-out quantity sequences is the main factor for multifractal cross-correlation. Through comparing the performance of the multifractal detrended cross-correlation analysis (MF-DCCA), centered multifractal detrending moving average cross-correlation analysis (MF-X-DMA) algorithms, the forward and backward MF-X-DMA algorithms, we find that the forward and backward MF-X-DMA algorithms exhibit a better performance than the other ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The γ-aminobutyric acid-mediated (GABAergic) inhibitory system in the brain is critical for regulation of sleep-wake and general anesthesia. The lateral septum contains mainly GABAergic neurons, being cytoarchitectonically divided into the dorsal, intermediate, and ventral parts. This study hypothesized that GABAergic neurons of the lateral septum participate in the control of wakefulness and promote recovery from anesthesia.Methods: By employing fiber photometry, chemogenetic and optogenetic neuronal manipulations, anterograde tracing, in vivo electrophysiology, and electroencephalogram/electromyography recordings in adult male mice, the authors measured the role of lateral septum GABAergic neurons to the control of sleep-wake transition and anesthesia emergence and the corresponding neuron circuits in arousal and emergence control.Results: The GABAergic neurons of the lateral septum exhibited high activities during the awake state by in vivo fiber photometry recordings (awake vs. non-rapid eye movement sleep: 3.3 ± 1.4% vs. -1.3 ± 1.2%, P < 0.001, n = 7 mice/group; awake vs. anesthesia: 2.6 ± 1.2% vs. -1.3 ± 0.8%, P < 0.001, n = 7 mice/group). Using chemogenetic stimulation of lateral septum GABAergic neurons resulted in a 100.5% increase in wakefulness and a 51.2% reduction in non-rapid eye movement sleep. Optogenetic activation of these GABAergic neurons promoted wakefulness from sleep (median [25th, 75th percentiles]: 153.0 [115.9, 179.7] s to 4.0 [3.4, 4.6] s, P = 0.009, n = 5 mice/group) and accelerated emergence from isoflurane anesthesia (514.4 ± 122.2 s vs. 226.5 ± 53.3 s, P < 0.001, n = 8 mice/group). Furthermore, the authors demonstrated that the lateral septum GABAergic neurons send 70.7% (228 of 323 cells) of monosynaptic projections to the ventral tegmental area GABAergic neurons, preferentially inhibiting their activities and thus regulating wakefulness and isoflurane anesthesia depth.Conclusions: The results uncover a fundamental role of the lateral septum GABAergic neurons and their circuit in maintaining awake state and promoting general anesthesia emergence time.Editor’s Perspective: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study tries to observe the aerodynamics of a moving coil linear motor (MCLM) under the conditions of high frequency and high speed, a three-dimension aerodynamics analysis and experimental investigation of the designed MCLM provided with different thrust coil bobbins (TCBs) based on dynamic meshes technique using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are proposed. Results show that with the increase of moving frequency and speed, the air damping of TCB subassembly is nearly proportional to the square of the speed. Punching a number of holes on the end face of the TCB could greatly improve the air flow capacity and enhance the distribution of pressure and velocity of the flow field around. Compared with proposal 1, the air damping of proposal 2 and proposal 3 is decreased by 64.3% and 97.1%, respectively. Simulation results show that the response time and frequency of the designed MCLM with proposal 3 is better than those with proposal 1 and proposal 2. In addition, the experimental frequency and response time of the designed MCLM with proposal 3 are 300Hz at 3dB and 4ms, respectively. As evident in this study, analysis and experimental results show that the air damping can be decreased by the structural optimization of the MCLM, and the designed MCLM with proposal 3 can realize good performance of high frequency and rapid response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Protein-rich bloom algae biomass was employed as nitrogen source in fuel ethanol fermentation using high gravity sweet potato medium containing 210.0gl−1 glucose. In batch mode, the fermentation could not accomplish even in 120h without any feeding of nitrogen source. While, the feeding of acid-hydrolyzed bloom algae powder (AHBAP) notably promoted fermentation process but untreated bloom algae powder (UBAP) was less effective than AHBAP. The fermentation times were reduced to 96, 72, and 72h if 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0gl−1 AHBAP were added into medium, respectively, and the ethanol yields and productivities increased with increasing amount of feeding AHBAP. The continuous fermentations were performed in a three-stage reactor system. Final concentrations of ethanol up to 103.2 and 104.3gl−1 with 4.4 and 5.3gl−1 residual glucose were obtained using the previously mentioned medium feeding with 20.0 and 30.0gl−1 AHBAP, at dilution rate of 0.02h−1. Notably, only 78.5gl−1 ethanol and 41.6gl−1 residual glucose were obtained in the comparative test without any nitrogen source feeding. Amino acids analysis showed that approximately 67% of the protein in the algal biomass was hydrolyzed and released into the medium, serving as the available nitrogen nutrition for yeast growth and metabolism. Both batch and continuous fermentations showed similar fermentation parameters when 20.0 and 30.0gl−1 AHBAP were fed, indicating that the level of available nitrogen in the medium should be limited, and an algal nitrogen source feeding amount higher than 20.0gl−1 did not further improve the fermentation performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Vibrational spectra (Raman 4000-95 cm[?]1 and mid-IR 4000-400 cm[?]1) of the atacamite-structure Ni2(OH)3Cl, including a rarely reported kind of asymmetric trimetric hydrogen bond, as a member of the geometrically frustrated material series and its deuteride Ni2(OD)3Cl are, to the best of our knowledge, reported for the first time and analyzed at room temperature. Through a comparative study of four spectra according to their crystal structural parameters, we assign OH stretching modes v(OH) in a functional group region (3700-3400 cm[?]1) and their deformation modes d(NiOH/D) in the correlation peak region (900-600 cm[?]1) with the corresponding mode frequency ratios ov(OD)/ov(OH)[?]73% and od(NiOD)/od(NiOH)[?]75%, and further self-consistently suggest NiO and Ni-Cl related modes in the fingerprint region (500-200 cm[?]1 and 200-0 cm[?]1, respectively) by use of the unified six-ligand NiO5Cl and NiO4Cl2 frames. This report may contribute to the spectral analysis of other hydroxyl transition-metal halides and to the understanding of the fundamental physics of their exotic magnetic geometrical frustration property from the spectral changes around the corresponding low transition temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]