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5. Models of Effective Connectivity in Neural Systems.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Jirsa, Viktor K., McIntosh, A. R., Stephan, Klaas Enno, and Friston, Karl J.

Published
2007
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6. Free Energy and Virtual Reality in Neuroscience and Psychoanalysis: A Complexity Theory of Dreaming and Mental Disorder.

Author

Hopkins, Jim, Friston, Karl, and Horton, Caroline L.

Subjects
NEUROSCIENCES, PSYCHOANALYSIS, FREE energy (Thermodynamics), VIRTUAL reality, COMPLEXITY (Philosophy), PATHOLOGICAL psychology
Abstract

The main concepts of the free energy (FE) neuroscience developed by Karl Friston and colleagues parallel those of Freud's Project for a Scientific Psychology. In Hobson et al. (2014) these include an innate virtual reality generator that produces the fictive prior beliefs that Freud described as the primary process. This enables Friston's account to encompass a unified treatment--a complexity theory--of the role of virtual reality in both dreaming and mental disorder. In both accounts the brain operates to minimize FE aroused by sensory impingements--including interoceptive impingements that report compliance with biological imperatives--and constructs a representation/model of the causes of impingement that enables this minimization. In Friston's account (variational) FE equals complexity minus accuracy, and is minimized by increasing accuracy and decreasing complexity. Roughly the brain (or model) increases accuracy together with complexity in waking. This is mediated by consciousness-creating active inference--by which it explains sensory impingements in terms of perceptual experiences of their causes. In sleep it reduces complexity by processes that include both synaptic pruning and consciousness/virtual reality/dreaming in REM. The consciousness-creating active inference that effects complexity-reduction in REM dreaming must operate on FE-arousing data distinct from sensory impingement. The most relevant source is remembered arousals of emotion, both recent and remote, as processed in SWS and REM on "active systems" accounts of memory consolidation/reconsolidation. Freud describes these remembered arousals as condensed in the dreamwork for use in the conscious contents of dreams, and similar condensation can be seen in symptoms. Complexity partly reflects emotional conflict and trauma. This indicates that dreams and symptoms are both produced to reduce complexity in the form of potentially adverse (traumatic or conflicting) arousals of amygdala-related emotions. Mental disorder is thus caused by computational complexity together with mechanisms like synaptic pruning that have evolved for complexity-reduction; and important features of disorder can be understood in these terms. Details of the consilience among Freudian, systems consolidation, and complexity-reduction accounts appear clearly in the analysis of a single fragment of a dream, indicating also how complexity reduction proceeds by a process resembling Bayesian model selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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7. Imperfect Symmetry and the Elementary Coordination Law.

Author

Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kelso, J. A. Scott, Fuchs, Armin, Jirsa, Viktor K., Park, Hyeongsaeng, and Turvey, Michael T.

Published
2008
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9. Landscapes Beyond the HKB Model.

Author

Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kelso, J. A. Scott, Fuchs, Armin, Jirsa, Viktor K., Newell, Karl M., Liu, Yeou-Teh, and Mayer-Kress, Gottfried

Published
2008
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10. EEG Coordination Dynamics: Neuromarkers of Social Coordination.

Author

Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kelso, J. A. Scott, Fuchs, Armin, Jirsa, Viktor K., and Tognoli, Emmanuelle

Abstract

The aim of this chapter is to present a framework of EEG coordination dynamics based on rhythmical entrainment of brain activity. The interest of continuous brain~behavior1 analysis is underlined and its principles are illustrated with results from a dual-EEG experiment of spontaneous social coordination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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11. Dynamics of Interpersonal Coordination.

Author

Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kelso, J. A. Scott, Fuchs, Armin, Jirsa, Viktor K., Schmidt, Richard C., and Richardson, Michael J.

Abstract

Everyday human actions often occur in a social context. Past psychological research has found that the motor behavior of socially situated individuals tends to be coordinated. Our research performed over the last 20 years has sought to understand how the mutuality, accommodation, and synchrony found in everyday interactional coordination can be understood using a dynamical theory of behavioral order, namely coordination dynamics. Using laboratory interpersonal tasks, we have demonstrated that when two people are asked to rhythmically coordinate their limbs they show behavioral phenomena identical to those found in bimanual interlimb coordination, which has been mathematically modeled as a dynamical process. Research has demonstrated that these same dynamical organizing principles can coordinate the rhythmic movements of two people unintentionally and that the weaker, intermittent coordination that ensues is affected by both perceptual (e.g., attentional focus and information pickup activity of the visual system) and dynamical constraints (e.g., intrapersonal rhythmic synergies and period basin of entrainment). Other research has investigated how traditional social and personality properties of a dyad (rapport, social competence) relate to dynamical properties of a dyad's coordinated movements and how the stability of coordinated movements mirrors the stability of mental connectedness experienced in social interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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13. Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI): Restoration of Movement and Thought from Neuroelectric and Metabolic Brain Activity.

Author

Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kelso, J. A. Scott, Fuchs, Armin, Jirsa, Viktor K., Soekadar, Surjo R., Haagen, Klaus, and Birbaumer, Niels

Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of the scientific and clinical progress in the development of non-invasive and invasive brain-computer interfaces (BCI). BCI uses electric, magnetic or metabolic brain activity for the activation and control of external devices and computers. Clinically, until now it has been successfully used as a communication system for totally paralyzed patients ("locked-in patients"), in restoration of movement after stroke or spinal cord injury and the treatment of epilepsy for example. Here we emphasize that BCI technology BCI technology is a powerful tool to systematically induce neuroplastic changes and therefore has a significant potential to promote innovative approaches in neurorehabilitation. After a short introduction, the mechanisms underlying BCI control will be outlined and an overview of the available invasive and non-invasive BCI systems will be given. The differences and challenges in the use of BCI technology in healthy and patients with neurological disorders will be sketched. Newly developed approaches (i.e., using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to manipulate very localized and subcortical brain changes) and diverse applications of BCIs will be introduced. Besides a critical discussion of limitations and problems in BCI research and clinical application, ethical and quality of life issues will be addressed. The chapter ends with some remarks on future directions in the development of BCI systems introducing invasive and non-invasive neurostimulation neurostimulation techniques that can coequally initiate, enhance or stabilize neuroplastic changes induced by BCI use resulting in behavioral benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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19. Towards a Unified Theory of Rhythmic andDiscrete Movements- Behavioral, Modelingand Imaging Results.

Author

Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kelso, J. A. Scott, Fuchs, Armin, Jirsa, Viktor K., and Sternad, Dagmar

Abstract

Since the seminal paper on phase transitions in bimanual rhythmic movements, research from the dynamical systems perspective has given primacy to rhythmic coordination. While rhythmic movements are a ubiquitous and fundamental expression in biological behavior, non-rhythmic or discrete movements are of similar importance. In fact, rhythmic and discrete movements are commonly intertwined in complex actions. This review traces our strategy of extending a dynamic systems account from rhythmic to non-rhythmic behavior. Behavioral and modeling work on uni- and bimanual, single- and multijoint coordination multi-joint coordination increasingly investigated more complex movement tasks consisting of rhythmic and discrete elements. The modeling work suggested a three-tiered architecture consisting of a biomechanical, internal and parameter level with different responsibilities for different components of movement generation. A core question raised in the modeling is what are the fundamental units fundamental units and principles that are tuned to make up complex behavior. Are rhythmic pattern generators the primitives for generating both rhythmic and non-rhythmic behaviors? Alternatively, are discrete pattern generators fundamental, or are there two primitives of action? fMRI experiments compared brain activation in continuously rhythmic and discrete movements. Significantly more activation in discrete movements suggested that discrete movements have higher control demands and may be distinct primitives, different from rhythmic movements. This result corresponds to the modeling work that highlighted that discrete movements require more parameterization. Our behavioral, modeling and imaging research built on and extended the dynamical systems approach to rhythmic coordination with the goal to develop a comprehensive framework to address complex everyday actions in a principled manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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20. Dynamical Systems and Internal Models.

Author

Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kelso, J. A. Scott, Fuchs, Armin, Jirsa, Viktor K., Lackner, James R., and Tuller, Betty

Published
2008
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21. Human Trajectory Formation: Taxonomy of Movement Based on Phase Flow Topology.

Author

Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kelso, J. A. Scott, Fuchs, Armin, Jirsa, Viktor K., Huys, Raoul, Studenka, Breanna E., Rheaume, Nicole, and Zelaznik, Howard N.

Abstract

The notion that a limited number of ‘motor primitives' underwrites complex (human) movements is pertinent to various theoretical perspectives on motor control motor control. Consequently, motor primitives have been classified according to different (and often empirically driven) criteria. Departing from the perspective that dynamical systems dynamical systems are unambiguously described in phase space phase space, we propose a movement taxonomy based on phase flow topology topology. We denote qualitative distinct movement classes as normal forms normal forms of movement. The existence of two normal forms of movement governing discrete and rhythmic behavior has been debated repeatedly in the literature. We provide evidence testifying to the existence (and utilization by humans) of both normal forms through a computational analysis and an experimental study involving human participants. We furthermore argue that one other dynamic possibility governing movement likely exists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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22. Behavioral Dynamics of Visually Guided Locomotion.

Author

Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kelso, J. A. Scott, Fuchs, Armin, Jirsa, Viktor K., Warren, William H., and Fajen, Brett R.

Published
2008
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23. Robust Feedback Control.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kachroo, Pushkin P.E., Amin Wadoo, Sabiha, Al-nasur, Sadeq J., and Shende, Apoorva

Published
2008
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24. Distributed Feedback Control 2-D.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kachroo, Pushkin P.E., Amin Wadoo, Sabiha, Al-nasur, Sadeq J., and Shende, Apoorva

Published
2008
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25. Intelligent Evacuation Systems.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kachroo, Pushkin P.E., Amin Wadoo, Sabiha, Al-nasur, Sadeq J., and Shende, Apoorva

Published
2008
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26. Distributed Feedback Control 1-D.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kachroo, Pushkin P.E., Amin Wadoo, Sabiha, Al-nasur, Sadeq J., and Shende, Apoorva

Published
2008
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27. Discretized Optimal Control.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kachroo, Pushkin P.E., Amin Wadoo, Sabiha, Al-nasur, Sadeq J., and Shende, Apoorva

Published
2008
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28. Discretized Feedback Control.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kachroo, Pushkin P.E., Amin Wadoo, Sabiha, Al-nasur, Sadeq J., and Shende, Apoorva

Published
2008
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29. Feedback Linearization (1-D Patches).

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kachroo, Pushkin P.E., Amin Wadoo, Sabiha, Al-nasur, Sadeq J., and Shende, Apoorva

Published
2008
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30. Numerical Methods.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kachroo, Pushkin P.E., Amin Wadoo, Sabiha, Al-nasur, Sadeq J., and Shende, Apoorva

Published
2008
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31. CrowdModels for 2-D.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kachroo, Pushkin P.E., Amin Wadoo, Sabiha, Al-nasur, Sadeq J., and Shende, Apoorva

Published
2008
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32. Tra?c Flow Theory for 1-D.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kachroo, Pushkin P.E., Amin Wadoo, Sabiha, Al-nasur, Sadeq J., and Shende, Apoorva

Published
2008
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33. Introduction.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kachroo, Pushkin P.E., Amin Wadoo, Sabiha, Al-nasur, Sadeq J., and Shende, Apoorva

Published
2008
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34. Nonlinear Analysis of Multi-Dimensional Signals: Local Adaptive Estimation of Complex Motion and Orientation Patterns.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Dahlhaus, Rainer, Kurths, Jürgen, Maass, Peter, Timmer, Jens, Garbe, Christoph S., Krajsek, Kai, Pavlov, Pavel, Andres, Björn, Mühlich, Matthias, and Stuke, Ingo

Published
2008
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35. Structural Adaptive Smoothing Procedures.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Kurths, Jürgen, Maass, Peter, Timmer, Jens, Franke, Jürgen, Dahlhaus, Rainer, Polzehl, Jörg, Spokoiny, Vladimir, Steidl, Gabriele, Weickert, Joachim, and Berdychevski, Anatoly

Published
2008
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36. Analysis of Bivariate Coupling by Means of Recurrence.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Dahlhaus, Rainer, Maass, Peter, Timmer, Jens, Bandt, Christoph, Groth, Andreas, Marwan, Norbert, Romano, M. Carmen, Thiel, Marco, Rosenblum, Michael, and Kurths, Jürgen

Published
2008
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37. Inverse Problems and Parameter Identification in Image Processing.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Dahlhaus, Rainer, Kurths, Jürgen, Timmer, Jens, Acker, Jens F., Berkels, Benjamin, Bredies, Kristian, Diallo, Mamadou S., Droske, Marc, Garbe, Christoph S., and Holschneider, Matthias

Published
2008
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38. Multiscale Approximation.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Dahlhaus, Rainer, Kurths, Jürgen, Maass, Peter, Timmer, Jens, Dahlke, Stephan, Teschke, Gerd, Koch, Karsten, Lorenz, Dirk, Müller, Stephan, and Schiffler, Stefan

Published
2008
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39. Surrogate Data - A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Dahlhaus, Rainer, Kurths, Jürgen, Maass, Peter, Timmer, Jens, Maiwald, Thomas, Mammen, Enno, and Nandi, Swagata

Published
2008
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40. Multivariate Time Series Analysis.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Érdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kelso, Scott, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Maass, Peter, Timmer, Jens, Schelter, Björn, Dahlhaus, Rainer, Leistritz, Lutz, Hesse, Wolfram, Schack, Bärbel, Kurths, Jürgen, and Witte, Herbert

Published
2008
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41. Market Segmentation: The Network Approach.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Erdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Helbing, D., Reichardt, Jörg, and Bornholdt, Stefan

Published
2008
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42. Managing Complexity: An Introduction.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Erdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Helbing, D., Helbing, Dirk, and Lämmer, Stefan

Published
2008
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43. Path Length Scaling and Discrete Effects in Complex Networks.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Erdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Helbing, D., Sienkiewicz, Julian, Fronczak, Agata, Fronczak, Piotr, Suchecki, Krzysztof, and Hołyst, Janusz A.

Published
2008
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47. Complexity in Human Conflict.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Erdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Helbing, D., and Johnson, Neil F.

Published
2008
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50. A Complex System's View of Critical Infrastructures.

Author

Kelso, J.A. Scott, Erdi, Péter, Friston, Karl, Haken, Hermann, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Kurths, Jürgen, Reichl, Linda, Schuster, Peter, Schweitzer, Frank, Sornette, Didier, Helbing, D., Rosato, Vittorio, Meloni, Sandro, Simonsen, Ingve, Issacharoff, Limor, Peters, Karsten, Festenberg, Nils von, and Helbing, Dirk

Published
2008
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