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In this study, BaCe0.9Er0.1O3−α was synthesized by a microemulsion method. Then, a BaCe0.9Er0.1O3−α–K2SO4–BaSO4 composite electrolyte was obtained by compounding it with a K2SO4–Li2SO4 solid solution. BaCe0.9Er0.1O3−α and BaCe0.9Er0.1O3−α–K2SO4–BaSO4 were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectrometry. AC impedance spectroscopy was measured in a nitrogen atmosphere at 400–700 °C. The logσ~log (pO2) curves and fuel cell performances of BaCe0.9Er0.1O3−α and BaCe0.9Er0.1O3−α–K2SO4–BaSO4 were tested at 700 °C. The maximum output power density of BaCe0.9Er0.1O3−α–K2SO4–BaSO4 was 115.9 mW·cm−2 at 700 °C, which is ten times higher than that of BaCe0.9Er0.1O3−α. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BaCe0.9Yb0.1O3−α was prepared via the sol-gel method using zirconium nitrate, ytterbium trioxide, cerium nitrate and barium acetate as raw materials. Subsequently, it reacted with the binary NaCl~KCl salt to obtain BaCe0.9Yb0.1O3−α-NaCl~KCl composite electrolyte. The structure, morphology, conductivity and fuel cell performance of the obtained samples were investigated. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that BaCe0.9Yb0.1O3−α and NaCl~KCl combined with each other to form a homogeneous 3-D reticulated structure. The highest power density and conductivity of BaCe0.9Yb0.1O3−α-NaCl~KCl was 393 mW·cm−2 and 3.0 × 10−1 S·cm−1 at 700 °C, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract A SrCe 0.6 Zr 0.3 Lu 0.1 O 3-α electrolyte was synthesized via a citric-nitrate auto-combustion (CNA) method using Sr(NO 3) 2 , Zr(NO 3) 4 ·5H 2 O, (NH 4) 2 Ce(NO 3) 6 , Lu 2 O 3 , HNO 3 and citric acid as raw materials. Subsequently, it reacted with the molten carbonate salt to obtain the SrCe 0.6 Zr 0.3 Lu 0.1 O 3-α -Li 2 CO 3 -Na 2 CO 3 composite electrolyte. The morphology, structure, conductivity and fuel cell performance of the obtained samples were investigated. SrCe 0.6 Zr 0.3 Lu 0.1 O 3-α is fully dense after calcinated at 1540 °C for 5 h SrCe 0.6 Zr 0.3 Lu 0.1 O 3-α and Li 2 CO 3 -Na 2 CO 3 combined with each other to form a homogeneous interconnected structure. The highest power density and conductivity of SrCe 0.6 Zr 0.3 Lu 0.1 O 3-α -Li 2 CO 3 -Na 2 CO 3 are 255 mW cm−2 and 8.6 × 10−2 S cm−1 at 600 °C, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α was prepared via a microemulsion method. Then, Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α powder was mixed with melted NaCl-KCl (1:1 mol ratio) at the weight ratio of 80%: 20% to obtain Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α -KCl-NaCl at 750 °C. Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α and Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α -KCl-NaCl were characterized by thermogravimetry analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC), Raman spectrometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The log (σT) ~ 1000 T-1 plots and fuel cell performances of Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α and Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α -KCl-NaCl were tested at 400–700 °C. The maximum output power density of Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α -KCl-NaCl was 187 mW cm-2 at 700 °C which is six times greater than that of Ce 0.8 Er 0.2 O 2-α. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A SrCe 0.7 Zr 0.2 Eu 0.1 O 3-α (SCZE-SG) electrolyte was successfully fabricated by a sol-gel method using Eu 2 O 3 , Sr(C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 2 2 O, (NH 4 ) 2 Ce(NO 3 ) 6 and Zr(NO 3 ) 4 ·5H 2 O as raw materials and was subsequently reacted with NaCl/KCl. The obtained materials were characterized by XRD and SEM techniques. XRD results showed that SCZE-SG and NaCl/KCl did not chemically react. The SEM images revealed that the particle size of SCZE-SG is uniform, and NaCl/KCl is coated on the surface of SCZE-SG, acting as a binder in SrCe 0.7 Zr 0.2 Eu 0.1 O 3-α -NaCl-KCl (SCZE-SG-NK). The oxide ion and protonic conduction of SCZE-SG was studied using gas concentration cells, and the results indicate that the durability of the fuel cell based on SCZE-SG-NK exhibits excellent cell performance with a maximum power output density of approximately 0.58 W cm −2 during a 40-h operation at 700 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]