5 results on '"Piazza, Diego"'
Search Results
2. PVDF/ZnO composite films for photocatalysis: A comparative study of solution mixing and melt blending methods.
- Author
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Dossin Zanrosso, Crissiê, Piazza, Diego, and Lansarin, Marla Azário
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ZINC oxide films ,ZINC oxide ,POLYVINYLIDENE fluoride ,MIXING ,METHYLENE blue ,PHASE separation ,PHOTOREDUCTION - Abstract
Heterogeneous photocatalysis represents a solution for several environmental problems. However, achieving photocatalyst separation from reaction media on a large scale remains a challenge, one that might be overcome by the immobilization of photocatalysts into supports. To this end, composites of polyvinylidene fluoride and zinc oxide (ZnO) were prepared by three different techniques: solution mixing (SM) followed by Nonsolvent Induced Phase Separation; and melt blending at both low‐ and high‐shear rates (LS and HS) in a rheometer and mixing chamber, respectively, to compare the resultant morphology in photocatalysis. Photocatalytic efficiency was assessed by methylene blue (MB) discoloration in a batch reactor liquid phase and by resazurin (RZ) reduction. The changes promoted by nanoparticle inclusion, processing conditions and UV effect were demonstrated by FTIR‐ATR, XRD, DSC, and SEM. Results showed that ZnO incorporation was successful under all processing conditions, providing effective photocatalytic composites. However, samples prepared by SM had a twofold increase in discoloration efficiency and fourfold increase in surface photoactivity, when compared with LS or HS‐produced samples, explained by its higher porosity of 88% ± 1.3%. The covering of the photocatalyst surface was also evident on SEM analysis for melt blended samples, further contributing to reduction in their photocatalytic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Degradation of PLA and PLA in composites with triacetin and buriti fiber after 600 days in a simulated marine environment.
- Author
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Pelegrini, Kauê, Donazzolo, Indianara, Brambilla, Vanessa, Coulon Grisa, Ana Maria, Piazza, Diego, Zattera, Ademir José, and Brandalise, Rosmary Nichele
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BIOPOLYMERS ,POLYMER research ,COMPOSITE materials research ,DIFFERENTIAL scanning calorimetry ,POLYLACTIC acid - Abstract
ABSTRACT Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), the polymer object of this study, degrades by a biotic process after an abiotic hydrolysis process. Its degradation was evaluated after 600 days of exposure in a simulated marine environment (SME), as buriti fiber-reinforced composites having triacetin as coupling agent. Composites were obtained by extrusion and films were produced by compression molding. After between 60 and 600 days of exposure, PLA had a weight loss of 2.5%, PLA/T of 1.5%, and 10-12% of weight loss for PLA/B and PLA/B/T, respectively. PLA intercalates reduction, increase, and decrease of its crystallinity attributed to hydrolysis (up to 15 days), impairment of amorphous segments (45 days), and loss of integrity of the matrix (100-600 days), respectively. In the PLA/T composites, triacetin inhibited the diatom colonization process, having its crystallinity values increased after nearly 100 days of exposure with subsequent reduction. For samples with buriti fiber, changes in crystallinity were attributed to absorption of water and exposure of matrix amorphous segments. PLA degradation in a SME is evidently favored by the use of natural fibers since they make easier water access to the matrix and colonization by the protists group, diatoms, showing that the polymer can have reduced post-use shelf life as composites, with benefits while in use and at the same time post-use environmental benefits. Triacetin inhibits PLA colonization and degradation up to 45 days after exposure, after which it no longer influences the degradation process. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43290. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Solution mixing preparation of PVDF/ZnO polymeric composite films engineered for heterogeneous photocatalysis.
- Author
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Dossin Zanrosso, Crissie, Piazza, Diego, and Lansarin, Marla Azário
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POLYMERIC composites ,POLYVINYLIDENE fluoride ,SCIENTIFIC community ,PREDICTION models ,EXPERIMENTAL design ,PHOTOCATALYSIS - Abstract
Despite the efforts of the scientific community, carrying out photocatalyst immobilization so that industrial application of photocatalysis becomes economically feasible is still a challenge to be overcome. In this work, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/ZnO composites were prepared by solution mixing based on solid knowledge of membrane technology and with the help of a powerful experimental design for systematic evaluation of the interaction among variables. A strategy for variable screening was used, followed by a complete evaluation at two levels, leading to predictive models. As a result, photocatalyst amount, pore agent concentration, and wet thickness were the most significant in the target molecule discoloration. With this, it was possible to obtain a 40 and 186% enhancement in photocatalytic efficiency compared to previous results and simple photolysis, respectively. Finally, the samples were characterized by FTIR‐ATR, XRD, and SEM and chemical, crystalline and morphological differences were observed both with nanoparticle and pore agent incorporation. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48417. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Filmes compósitos poliméricos desenvolvidos para a fotocatálise heterogênea
- Author
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Zanrosso, Crissiê Dossin, Lansarin, Marla Azario, and Piazza, Diego
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Heterogeneous photocatalysis ,Morphology ,Porosidade ,Polymeric matrix ,Filmes poliméricos ,Fotocatálise ,Matriz polimérica ,Porosity ,Compósitos ,Composites ,Films - Abstract
A fotocatálise heterogênea, apesar de sua comprovada eficácia em diversas aplicações tecnológicas relevantes, ainda apresenta baixa atratividade comercial. Um dos principais obstáculos para a sua viabilidade em larga escala é a separação do fotocatalisador do meio reacional. Assim, como proposta de solução, o objetivo deste trabalho foi a preparação de filmes compósitos poliméricos, ativos e estáveis, para aplicação em fotorreatores de leito fixo. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em quatro etapas, e, em todas elas, os materiais preparados foram analisados usando-se a eficiência na descoloração fotocatalítica de azul de metileno em reator batelada, ensaio de ciclos e caracterizações por FTIR-ATR, DRX, MEV, TGA, DSC, porosidade com n-butanol e área BET. Na primeira etapa, os filmes foram preparados empregando-se, separadamente, os fotocatalisadores TiO2, ZnO (comerciais) e BiOI (sintetizado através do método solvotérmico), em matrizes de poli(fluoreto de vinilideno) (PVDF) pela mistura em solução. A incorporação de todos os fotocatalisadores forneceu compósitos eficazes para a fotocatálise heterogênea. Os resultados desta etapa levaram à escolha do ZnO para avaliação dos métodos de preparação, pela maior eficiência, estabilidade e reprodutibilidade. Na segunda fase, avaliaram-se as condições de preparação dos compósitos de PVDF/ZnO por uma estratégia de delineamento exploratório Plackett Burman de 8 fatores seguida pelo Delineamento Composto Central Rotacional (DCCR) de 4 fatores, o qual deu origem a modelos preditivos. Como resultado, as variáveis quantidade de fotocatalisador e espessura úmida foram as mais significativas na descoloração da molécula-alvo. Observou-se, também, que a adição de um agente formador de poros, neste caso a polivinilpirrolidona (PVP), é uma opção que permite o aumento da eficiência por grama de fotocatalisador, devido ao aumento da porosidade do filme. Nas condições otimizadas, foi possível obter uma melhora de 43% na eficiência fotocatalítica em comparação às preparações anteriores e de 186% em relação à fotólise. Na terceira etapa, os compósitos de PVDF/ZnO preparados previamente foram comparados às técnicas de mistura por fusão de alto e baixo cisalhamento. Para esses materiais, a atividade fotocatalítica superficial também foi avaliada pela redução da resazurina. Como resultado, as amostras preparadas pela mistura em solução apresentaram uma eficiência da descoloração 2x maior e uma fotoatividade superficial 4x maior em comparação com as amostras preparadas por mistura por fusão. Nessas últimas, além da baixíssima porosidade, o recobrimento da superfície do fotocatalisador ficou evidente na análise MEV, o que justificou a baixa atividade fotocatalítica. Na quarta etapa, para melhorar as propriedades fotocatalíticas do fotocatalisador BiOI, um material atrativo por ser ativo também em luz visível, desenvolveu-se a técnica de preparação in situ, na qual o fotocatalisador foi precipitado simultaneamente à separação de fases da matriz polimérica. Além da comparação com a preparação solvotérmica, a preparação in situ também foi melhorada por uma estratégia DCCR de 3 fatores. A precipitação simultânea provou ser uma abordagem inovadora, simples e escalonável, que aumentou a atividade fotocatalítica do sistema PVDF/BiOI em quase 30% em comparação com o método solvotérmico. Ainda mais significativo, levou a um crescimento de 3x na eficiência por grama de fotocatalisador imobilizado, mesmo quando comparado ao fotocatalisador em suspensão. Os resultados foram atribuídos a uma melhor dispersão do fotocatalisador, menor tamanho de partícula e maiores porosidade, volume de poros e área superficial. Por fim, os filmes mais ativos também foram testados em um reator de fluxo contínuo tipo NETmix para a fotodegradação de n-decano em fase gasosa. Os fotocatalisadores à base de bismuto não mostraram eficiência fotocatalítica neste processo, aparentemente relacionado ao mecanismo preferencial indireto de oxidação fotocatalítica. Já os compósitos de ZnO foram eficazes, comprovando que os compósitos poliméricos podem ser apropriados para diversas aplicações tecnológicas. The heterogeneous photocatalysis presents a proven effectiveness in several relevant technological applications. However, despite the efforts form scientific community, there are scarce commercial initiatives, where the photocatalyst separation from the reaction medium is still one of the main obstacles to its large-scale viability. As a proposed solution, this work main purpose was the preparation of active and stable polymeric composite films for the application in fixed bed photoreactors. To achieve this goal, the research was developed in four stages and all prepared materials were analyzed in their efficiency for photocatalytic discoloration of methylene blue in a batch reactor, cycles tests and characterizations by FTIR-ATR, XRD, SEM, TGA, DSC, porosity with n-butanol and BET area. In the first stage, the films were prepared using commercial photocatalysts TiO2 or ZnO, in addition to BiOI (synthesized through the solvothermal method) and matrices of poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) by solution mixing. The incorporation of all photocatalysts provided effective composites for heterogeneous photocatalysis. The greater efficiency, stability and reproducibility of ZnO composites led to its preference for continuity of this work. In the second stage, the preparation conditions of the PVDF/ZnO composites were evaluated using a Plackett Burman exploratory design strategy followed by the Rotational Central Composite Design (RCCD), which gave rise to predictive models. The factors photocatalyst mass and wet thickness were the most significant in the target molecule discoloration. It was also observed that the addition of a pore-forming agent, i.e. PVP, is an option that allows an increase in efficiency per gram of photocatalyst, due to the film porosity enhancement. Under optimized conditions, it was possible to obtain a 43% improvement in photocatalytic efficiency compared to previous preparations and a 186% increase in relation to photolysis. In the third stage, the previously prepared PVDF/ZnO composites were compared to the high shear and low shear melt blending techniques. For these materials, surface photocatalytic activity was also assessed by a photocatalytic activity indicator ink. As a result, the samples prepared by solution mixing showed a 2x greater decolorization efficiency and a 4x higher surface photoactivity than melt blending samples. The melted samples revealed a low porosity and the coating of the photocatalyst surface was also evident in the SEM analysis, which explains the low photocatalytic activity. In the fourth stage, the photocatalytic properties of the BiOI catalyst, an important visible light responsive material, was improved by developing the in situ one pot preparation technique. In addition to the comparison with the solvothermal preparation, the one pot preparation was improved by a RCCD strategy. Simultaneous precipitation proved to be an innovative, simple and scalable approach, which increased the photocatalytic activity of the PVDF/BiOI system by almost 30% compared to the solvothermal, proving an even more significant 3-fold increase in efficiency per gram of immobilized photocatalyst, even when compared to the suspended photocatalyst. The results were attributed to a better photocatalyst dispersion, smaller particle size and greater porosity, pore volume and surface area. Lastly, the most active films were also tested in a NETmix continuous flow reactor for the photodegradation of n-decane in the gas phase. Bismuth-based photocatalysts did not show photocatalytic efficiency in this process, apparently related to the preferential indirect mechanism of photocatalytic oxidation. In contrast, the ZnO composites were effective, proving that polymeric composites can be appropriate for several technological applications.
- Published
- 2020
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