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Given the crucial role of cement-styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) composites in the application of damping structural materials, their long-term damping performance needs to incorporate a focused examination of organic phase aging. This study investigated the changes in the dynamic mechanical properties of these composites subjected to thermo-oxidative and ultraviolet aging, and explored the damping degradation mechanisms specific to SBR. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in the damping capability of the composites under aging, exceeding 19.5 %, 33.9 %, and 46.0 % after 1, 2, and 4 years of service, respectively. The decrease is attributed to the alteration in the molecular structure of SBR, which includes the oxidation of the α-H double bond to a hydroxyl group, followed by a dehydrogenation reaction leading to the formation of aldehyde. Furthermore, the study utilized a three-element standard solid model to elucidate the frequency-dependent dynamic mechanical properties of the cement-SBR composites. • The dynamic mechanical properties of cement-SBR composites were monitored under aging processes. • The aging mechanism of SBR polymer was investigated under aging processes. • A three-element standard solid model was proposed to elucidate the dynamic mechanical properties of the cement-SBR composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]