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One effort to secure vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication is to use a symmetrical cryptographic scheme that requires the distribution of shared secret keys. To reduce attacks on key distribution, physical layer-based key formation schemes that utilize the characteristics of wireless channels have been implemented. However, existing schemes still produce a low bit formation rate (BFR) even though they can reach a low bit error rate (BER). Note that V2V communication requires a scheme with high BFR in order to fulfill its main goal of improving road safety. In this research, we propose a higher rate secret key formation (HRKF) scheme using received signal strength (RSS) as a source of random information. The focus of this research is to produce keys with high BFR without compromising BER. To reduce bit mismatch, we propose a polynomial regression method that can increase channel reciprocity. We also propose a fixed threshold quantization (FTQ) method to maintain the number of bits so that the BFR increases. The test results show that the HRKF scheme can increase BFR from 40% up to 100% compared to existing research schemes. To ensure the key cannot be guessed by the attacker, the HRKF scheme succeeds in producing a key that meets the randomness of the NIST test.

Vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication is intended for vehicles making connections with roadside units (RSUs) to exchange information. This paper will design a secret key generation scenario for secure V2I communication using a Raspberry Pi 3 and WiFi connection 2.4 GHz. One of the main challenges of V2I communication is authentication. Due to wireless communication can intercept by someone who is not responsible. With the possibility of attack, then the system needs to be added security for data protection on wireless communication channels using a secret key. Communication is based on received signal strength measurements within a certain distance to generate a secure key. The parameters to be tested in this research are node speeds between 20 km/h, 30 km/h, or 40 km/h and time intervals between 20 ms, 15 ms, 10 ms. The test results from the maximum number of keys generated is 3 keys. The average time it takes to generate a key in one scenario is about 2.5 seconds.

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication assigned for security and safety in the vehicles communication currently becomes much more interesting, in such it is able to reduce traffic accidents such as collision among vehicles. In this system, the possibility of error shared key when obtaining received signal strength (RSS) between a pair communicating vehicles often occurs. Moreover, the possibility of stealing personal data of drivers and passengers and even controlling take over by adversaries can be happened as well. Hence, in this case, it should have reciprocity without error such that shared key between two participating vehicles is matched. Because attacking activities may happen frequently, thus a security system using shared secret key to protect these personal data in the wireless network should be mandatory. In this paper, a scenario of secure shared secret key generation in V2V communication using Raspberry Pi through 2.4 GHz WiFi connection is implemented. To increase reciprocity, Kalman Filter and BCH error code are adopted. Performance evaluation is evaluated by varying vehicle speed from 20 km/h to 60 km/h with ping time interval from 7 ms to 20 ms. The evaluation result showed that in 20 km/h with 10 ms time interval has the highest correlation 0.99 and the lowest one 0.91 in 40 km/h with 20 ms time interval. Meanwhile, Aono quantization works properly for the scenario 60 km/h with 7 ms time interval for 2881-bit of 3000 data input with key disagreement rate (KDR) 0 in 20 km/h with 10 ms time interval.

Security is a major concern of the internet world because the development of the Internet requires the security of data transmission. The security method helps us to store valuable information and send it over an insecure network so that it can not be read by anyone except the intended recipient. Security algorithm uses data randomization method. This method of data information randomization has a low computation time with a large number of bits when compared to other encryption algorithms. In general, the encryption algorithm is used to encrypt data information, but in this research the encryption algorithm is used for synchronization between the sender and the intended recipient. Number of bits on asymmetric key algorithm for synchronization are the 64-bits, 512-bits and 1024-bits. We will prove that security methods can secure data sent with low computational time with large number of bits. In the result will be shown the value of computing time with variable number of bits sent. When data are sent by 50 bytes, encryption time required 2 ms using 1024 bits for synchronization technique asymmetric key algorithm.Â

In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) becomes popular technology. The one aspect that makes important concern in IoT is the confidentiality of communications. For securing communication in IoT, cryptography algorithm such as symmetrical cryptography requires the secret key exchange process in a public wireless network to ensure the sameness of the secret key. However, the exchange of secret keys in the public wireless network can be exploited by adversaries. So, we present the secret key generation scheme that generates a shared random key through observation of the communication channel parameter i.e. Receive Signal Strength (RSS) between two devices that no need to exchange the secret key. We use Middle-Point quantization to convert the RSS into bit sequences and use Clover Filter to eliminate the error bits after the quantization process. Measurement results showed that the proposed scheme improves the performance of existing schemes if the interval used is 25. The proposed scheme improves the KGR 24 times and improves efficiency to 63%. While for KDR, the proposed scheme can decrease the KDR value of 67.9%. Also, in all scenarios, the proposed scheme can pass the NIST randomness test.

Drone service is an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) whose function is to deliver goods using air routes. Drone services sometimes have to travel long distances with a guaranteed security system to get to the customer's location and return safely to the base. But in fact, in the use of an insecure Internet of Drone (IoD) environment, there will be many attacks that try to manipulate the approximate location or interrupt transmission of data from fake nodes. Therefore, this paper focuses on a reliable data communication security system between drone services and server. Because the drone service uses a lightweight device, we propose a Hybrid cryptographic security scheme that has simple computing but a high level of security. It has layered encryption using AES- 256, ECC, and SHA256 which are provides high data authentication and encryption services for each node. The proposed scheme is efficient in terms of processing time so that it will not significantly affect the realtime sensor data from the drone. The experimental results show that the proposed system reaches 88.61 milliseconds to encrypt and decrypt messages using the Raspberry Fi device.

Due to features of mobility and velocity of movement all nodes in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs), these infrastructureless wireless ad-hoc networks become challenging. This is much more interesting when involving not only security but also privacy protection of vehicles. Secure communications among vehicles or between vehicles and Road-Side Units (RSUs) should be mandatory satisfied through encryption, anonymous authentication, and the integrity guarantee of exchanging information. Hence, both security and privacy protection of vehicles should be considered. Therefore, this paper proposes an anonymous authentication system to enable a vehicle proves that he/she is a legitimated vehicle in the VANET without revealing his/her privacy information to other vehicles or RSUs. To realize this aim, an efficient group signature scheme is adopted. The measurement results showed the practicality of proposed system to achieve only about 185 ms or 121 ms in conducting an anonymous authentication either in Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication or Vehicle-to-RSU (V2R) communication.

IoT technology can produce data obtained from measurements by utilizing the sensors used so that it can be analyzed and made it easier for humans to make decisions. In this paper, we propose a topology design for a smart environment using 4 phases. Phase 1, sensor node: consisting of a microcontroller connected to a temperature and soil moisture sensors, Phase 2, gateway, uses mini PC in which open source software is installed which will be used as a local gateway. Phase 3, base station: is a public external gateway by utilizing Public IP. In this phase, we mention the name Low-Cost Self Hosting. Phase 4, Resource Hosting: in this phase, we buy a domain and hosting with the aim of Smart Environment sensor data from the gateway to synchronize with hosting resources, because by using resource hosting, users can access the data environment in real-time. Furthermore, we also will be doing test accuracy server-side is low-cost self-hosting and 3rd party web hosting (domain and hosting) accuracy data. Form the experiment, the accuracy using Low-Cost Self-Hosting is 99% with error 1% and 3rd Party Web Hosting accuracy between 86% with error 14%.

Recently, many systems for monitoring and tracking the position of objects such as human and vehicles have already been implemented. These systems are supported by the development of smartphones which is increasingly fast. By utilizing the features of smartphone such as networking, computation, determining the location based on global positioning systems (GPS), and any other functions, these monitoring systems can be easily deployed. However, a security mechanism should be mandatory in these systems especially when assigned to determine the location of a person. In this paper, we propose an implementation of security system for monitoring the location of member in a tour group. We employed RSA-based group signature to authenticate the person is indeed a member of the group and protect his/her privacy of location simultaneously. In addition, the proposed system is able to guarantee the confidentiality, data integrity, and quick location updated of transmitted location information as well. Our initial implementation fully was implemented on Android smartphones and a data center server. Our experimental results showed the practicality of the system which consumes only about 260 ms for signing time on the smartphone and about 330 ms for verification time on the server.

Security in the vehicular ad-hoc networks currently has become a very important issue that has to be considered along with many applications related to vehicular networks deployment. This challenge grows up because the engagement of embedded systems be the main equipment in vehicles' on-board units (OBUs). OBU may communicate with each other or vehicle-to-vehicle and interact with equipments installed on the road side units (RSUs). This fact formalizes a new trend of threats and attacks in the vehicular networks to fully exploit and control transportation systems. Therefore, a security system in this network should be necessarily implemented. In this paper, we propose an implementation of shared key generation extracted from received signal strength (RSS) in the wireless communication between two authorized vehicles incorporated with symmetric cryptosystem to realize a security system which able to keep the confidentiality and integrity of the exchange information. We adopted several algorithms to enhance the correlation of RSS values between these two vehicles, increase key generation rate (KGR), and reduce key disagreement rate (KDR). The secrecy of the key is also ensured to pass the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) statistical test suite.

Shared secret key generation extracted from wireless channel information and parameters in the wireless PHY-layer is one of solutions to substitute key management mechanism in the conventional security schemes such as symmetric and asymmetric cryptosystems. However, the similarity of the decided shared key between two legitimated users should be confirmed as soon as possible. Hence, the key can be used for cryptosystem successfully. In this paper, we propose an investigation of shared secret key generation scheme by extracting secret key bits stream from received signal strength (RSS) in the wireless communication between these two users. We adopted Kalman Filter method in the randomness extraction phase to obtain a better reciprocity of bits stream. Meanwhile, experimental results showed the practicality of the proposed scheme compared with similar existing schemes in term of secret key bits stream with better reciprocity, low key disagreement rate (KDR), and proper key generation rate (KGR). In addition, the randomness of the key passes the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) statistical test suite as well.

Vehicular ad-hoc network is an exciting study that aims to improve driver safety in driving. Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) is communications between vehicles that occurs on a VANET using wireless channels. This channel allows vehicles to share personal or safety information with other vehicles. Vehicle communication is potentially vulnerable to adversaries' security attacks that can harm the driver and other legitimate users. Therefore, it requires a high-security system. This research proposes a new scheme, namely the MAPI (Mike-Amang-Prima-Inka), as a modified secret key generation scheme obtained from received signal strength (RSS) values. Our research focuses on obtaining a symmetric key that has a high key formation speed (KFS) with a low-key discrepancy level (KDL), while still thinking about the randomness and ensure safety from passive attackers. In the pre-processing, we use a combination of Kalman Filter and Polynomial Regression by modifying the parameters to produce the best performance. We also modified the grey code in the Modified Multibit (MMB) Quantization method to reduce the quantization bit mismatch. Our approach to the MAPI scheme can assign symmetric keys with better performance than existing schemes, increasing KFS and decreasing KDL up to 100%. Moreover, the scheme can generate a symmetric key that deals with NIST's statistical tests.

The personal area network (PAN) coordinator can assign a guaranteed time slot (GTS) to allocate a particular duration for requested devices in IEEE 802.15.4 beacon-enabled mode. The main challenge in the GTS mechanism is how to let the PAN coordinator allocate time slot duration for the devices which request a GTS. If the allocated devices use the GTS partially or the traffic pattern is not suitable, wasted bandwidth will increase, which degrades the performance of the network. In order to overcome the abovementioned problem, this paper proposes the Partitioned GTS Allocation Scheme (PEGAS) for IEEE 802.15.4 networks. PEGAS aims to decide the precise moment for the starting time, the end, and the length of the GTS allocation for requested devices taking into account the values of the superframe order, superframe duration, data packet length, and arrival data packet rate. Our simulation results showed that the proposed mechanism outperforms the IEEE 802.15.4 standard in terms of the total number of transmitted packets, throughput, energy efficiency, latency, bandwidth utilization, and contention access period (CAP) length ratio.

A wireless sensor network consists of interconnected nodes that exchange information and use shared resource in a wireless transmission medium. Sensor nodes are randomly deployed in observation area in static or moving term. During this situation, the position of each sensor nodes is required to be known to monitor the circumstances around the node according to the information collected by sensor. Localization is the process to determine the position of nodes. This process could be done in centralized or distributed manner. In this paper, a distributed localization mechanism is proposed, where the calculation of node position is carried out on the node itself. Trilateration method is employed to calculate the position of node based on estimated distance measured by Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) technique using Zigbee module in Free-Space Path Loss (FSPL) outdoor area. The experiment result shows that, based on log-normal shadowing model, the path loss coefficient for observation area is 2.5443, whereas average estimated position error from three different measured nodes are 23.504 m, 17.369 m, and 17.95 m respectively. Each node needs 2.73 second to undertake localization process completely.

The problem of secure communication with the multi-antenna transmission in fading channel is an essential task. The fading channel is one of media for the eavesdropper to intercept when transmitting data. We investigate method for security in wireless communication. In particular, we focus on confidential transmission of pseudo-random location of subcarrier to increase security. This security method has low implementation complexity. To make it more efficient, this research uses asymmetric cryptography algorithm for synchronization the location of subcarrier between the transmitter and receiver. This security technique has implemented in Multiple Input Multiple Output — Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) system. Confidentiality and probability of interdiction is evaluated to show the security performance of the secret transmission on the rayleigh fading. The result of this paper is the proposed security scheme can protect the system from eavesdropper which result in the signals are received by the eavesdropper instead of the signals are received by the authorized receivers. In addition, in this paper we proved that security schemes using synchronization with RSA algorithms do not degrade the performance of MIMO-OFDM systems. MIMO-OFDM with security can achieve bit error rate (BER) 7.3×10−3 while MIMO-OFDM system without security its BER value only reach 1×10−2, both are achieved when signal to noise ratio (SNR) = 10 dB. This can be proved by BER of MIMO-OFDM system with security is better than MIMO-OFDM system without security.

Localization is one of application areas in WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) for determining the object position. A conventional localization system based on wireless protocol transmission is potentially susceptible from various security threats. Data information regarding object position transmitted to the authorized person should be secured. Raspberry Pi is one of suitable microcomputers for implementing a security system for indoor localization. RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) is used for obtaining the position of the object in indoor environment. There are three nearest anchor nodes from the object send frame data consists of coordinate, RSSI, and PLE (path loss exponent) to calculate the object position. However, due to the privacy data requirement, we propose a combination of symmetric, asymmetric, and hash function algorithms to provide confidentiality and data integrity security requirement simultaneously. Our experiments used Raspberry Pi be the anchor node and unknown node. Anchor node achieves about 3.79 ms total processing time and unknown node only needs 69.97 ms, respectively. Meanwhile, this system only consumes about 7.06 ms for each data transmission through file transfer protocol over WiFi.

In Internet of Things (IoT) era, everybody can access data anytime and anywhere. Information in a data center can be accessed by users using end-user devices such as a laptop, smartphone, and Personal Computer. The data should be secured and cannot be accessed by illegal users from the environment monitoring. To secure and prevent the sensor data from illegal access by the user then it is required a security with a user revocation mechanism. CP-ABE (Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption) becomes a solution for this issue to protect the sensor data and revoke the user. In this paper, we propose a secure system using CP-ABE with user revocation. Our system does not only perform a sensor data encryption, but also revocation to the user. The system experiments showed the practicality of our system for protecting sensor data and user revocation for the users who do not have the access rights.

Wireless data communications commonly use public networks to exchange data packets. Public networks of rural area are lack of network infrastructure so it will inflict high delay for wireless communications. The rural areas are same with intermittent area that need a mechanism of data transfer to tolerate with delay. The Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) is a solution for data transmission in rural areas that have coverless TCP/IP network. DTN uses store-and-forward mechanism to send data packets from the source to the destination through intermediary nodes. DTN uses dynamic routing protocols to determine routes of data packets delivery. DTN implements a reliable routing protocol of Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) algorithm to looking for a delivery route of data packets to the end node. The OLSR routing protocol uses MPRs node as selected nodes, which forwards the control messages of networks topology information. This could streamline the network traffic of DTN to determine the best route of delivery data packets from the sender to the receiver. This paper presents transmission of medical data from the source of the node in the rural area to the destination node through the nodes of intermediate. This telemedicine system sends medical data of patient's private data that is encrypted using Advanced Encryption System (AES) to guarantee the medical data safety. The AES encryption system takes no more than 0.4 ms for data encrypting and decrypting process.

Security scheme in indoor object positioning has become a special challenge in the recent time. The characteristic of indoor environment due to obstacles or building material leads a lack of range-based position estimation. A security scheme determined to protect data towards unauthorized party. The proposed SCLoc is an object position platform with AES 128 cryptography system equipped on each node in wireless sensor networks. This algorithm is used to secure anchor node coordinates information and estimated position which has been calculated in unknown nodes. The scheme is examined using Waspmote nodes and compared with a DES cryptography algorithm in similar nodes. The experimental result shows that average position error which calculated by the proposed platform in corridor A was 0.043% of the total observation area. The security algorithm which employed to secure the position of anchor node and unknown node during data exchange in transmission process is satisfy confidentiality and data integrity security requirements simultaneously.

Disseminating sensory information from sensor nodes to the gateway node towards Data Center Server has to be guaranteed its fruitfulness. However, these important information commonly are transmitted over wireless connections whereas everyone including adversaries may join freely in the network. Hence, the correctness of received information should be emphasized. To do so, such information should be ascertained from the authenticated sensor nodes, kept its secrecy, prevented from the alteration, and guaranteed its integrity, respectively without revealing sensor nodes' identity. On the other hand, data sensors in the Data Center Server also should be kept secret and only be accessed by authenticated users over common public connection such as Internet without exposing the users' privacy. Therefore, an anonymous authentication system in collecting data sensors from sensor nodes to the Data Center Server and accessing them by everyone would be strongly desirable. In this paper, we propose an implementation of anonymous authentication system in the wireless sensor network using VLR group signature.

MANETs are considered as suitable for commercial applications such as law enforcement, conference meeting, and sharing information in a student classroom and critical services such as military operations, disaster relief, and rescue operations. Meanwhile, in military operation especially in the battlefield in freely medium which naturally needs high mobility and flexibility. Thus, applying MANETs make these networks vulnerable to various types of attacks such aspacket eavesdropping, data disseminating, message replay, message modification, and especially privacy issue. In this paper, we propose a secure communication and information exchange in MANET with considering secure adhoc routing and secure information exchange. Regarding privacy issue or anonymity, we use a reliable asymmetric encryption which protecting user privacy by utilizing insensitive user attributes as user identity, CP-ABE (Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption) cryptographic scheme. We also design protocols to implement the proposed scheme for various battlefied scenarios in real evironment using embedded devices. Our experimental results showed that the additional of HMAC (Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code) and AES (Advanced Encryption standard) schemes using processor 1.2GHz only take processing time about 4.452 ms, we can confirm that our approach by using CP-ABE with added HMAC and AES schemes make low overhead.

As advancement of the Internet of Thing and data centric technologies in collecting and distributing sensory data, security becomes much more important and desirable. This is because sensory data are commonly transmitted over wireless networks toward data center which are naturally easily observed for the goal of network traffic analysis. Furthermore, the collected data in data center can be easily accessed by users as well if the system does not deal with security mechanism. In this paper, we propose an anonymous authentication system using pairing-based verifier-local revocation group signature scheme to authenticate wireless nodes (i.e., sensor nodes) of a particular privilege group to the gateway node in transmitting data. In addition, an anonymous authentication for accessing data to the data center is also our achievement.

In Internet of Things (IoT) era, The limitation storage on Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) can be solved by synchronized data sensors from the gateway node to the data center server. Data in the data center can be remotely accessed by the user at any time and anywhere from end user devices such as PCs, laptop PCs, and smart phones., and data should be accessed securely. The Only legitimated user can access the data sensor from an environmental health data center. CP-ABE (Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption) is becoming a robust cryptographic scheme solution to this issue. To enable a secure data sensor sharing and access on an environmental health data center, we propose a secure system model using CP-ABE which ensures confidentiality, integrity, and user privacy features. Experimental results prove that the implementation of CP-ABE does not overload the system.

Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) is the most used wireless transmission scheme in the world. However, its security is the interesting problem to discuss if we want to use this scheme to transmit a sensitive data, such as in the military and commercial communication systems. In this paper, we propose a new method to increase the security of MIMO-OFDM system using the change of location of fake subcarrier. The fake subcarriers’ location is generated per packet of data using Pseudo Random sequence generator. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme does not decrease the performance of conventional MIMO-OFDM. The attacker or eavesdropper gets worse Bit Error Rate (BER) than the legal receiver compared to the conventional MIMO-OFDM system.

Recently, in the distance learning system, video conferencing becomes one of expected course material delivery systems for creating a virtual class such that lecturer and student which are separated at long distance can engage a learning activity as well as face to face learning system. For this reason, the service availability and quality should be able to guaranteed and fulfilled. In this research, we analyze QoS of video conferencing between main campus and sub campus as the implementation of distance learning system in laboratory scale. Our experimental results show that the channel capacity or bandwidth of WAN connection between main campus and sub campus at 128 kbps is able to generate the throughput of video transmission and reception at 281 kbps and 24 kbps, respectively. Meanwhile, throughput of audio transmission and reception is 64 kbps and 26 kbps with the number of total packet loss for video and audio transmission is 84.3% and 29.2%, respectively. In this setting, the total jitter for video and audio transmission is 125 ms and 21 ms, respectively. In this case, there is no packet loss for traffic transmitting and receiving with jitter is not more than 5 ms. We also implemented QoS using Trust CoS model dan Trust DSCP for improving the quality of service in term of jitter up to 12.3% and 22.41%, respectively.Keywords: quality of service, throughput, delay, jitter, packet loss, Trust CoS, Trust DSCP

A DTN architecture consists of several nodes that are connected with high dynamic topology. The routing protocol is an important part which determine the DTN performance system. Although DTN is addressed to be tolerant of delay, a routing protocol with better performance will maximizing packet delivery rate and minimizing the delivery latency. This paper evaluate a level signal priority epidemic routing protocol for delay tolerant network architecture. Our system adopts DTN2 framework using classic epidemic and priority epidemic dynamic routing protocols. The performance of both dynamic routing is observed and compared based on throughput and delay of transmitted data. The measurement results show that the classic epidemic use more bandwith due to sending the same messages many times. The delay transmission using a level signal priority epidemic routing is smaller than classic epidemic routing protocol in all hops of the test-bed. Epidemic based on signal level routing could make traffic of network more efficient than classic Epidemic routing because of filtering system in node before sending bundle to neighbor node.Keywords: DTN, dynamic routing, level signal priority

To overcome unstable communication in wireless environment, Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) allows us to exchange data by storing and forwarding approach. However, since the participating nodes are not trusted, the secure data exchange system in DTNs is desired. Previously, we have proposed a secure data exchange system in DTNs using Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE), where content data and routing messages can be encrypted and authenticated by the attribute-based policies. However, the previous work showed and examined only an initial implementation over a simple wireless DTN with single hop routing. In this paper, we propose an implementation of a secure data exchange system in wireless DTNs, where multi-hop routing messages are encrypted and authenticated by the ABE, and show the experimental results.

IEEE Standard 802.15.4 Low Rate-Wireless Personal Area Network (LR-WPAN) is a network of wireless sensor and control applications that focused on the performance of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The IEEE 802.15.4 standard provides a guaranteed time slot (GTS) mechanism to allocate a specific duration within a superframe structure for applications requiring specific data bandwidth to minimize the waste of channel bandwidth. This study compare the performance of GTS on multihop topology using the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. We model the topology multihop by analyzing a given node based on the GTS to get maximum results. We compare GTS based on the number of GTS from 1 to 7 GTS. After conducting tests on the topology via the GTS comparison, the data obtained will be used as a comparison between the number of GTS. The final results show that the topology multihop with a ratio of 1 to 7 GTS has different results. With the resulting data we also know the advantages and disadvantages of each of these parameters using the GTS. Then, we choose GTS equal to 3 for all nodes, which show higher results in terms of packet received per node, probability of successful packet, latency, and energy consumption.

Recently, conveying latest information related to the status of environmental health surrounding human dwelling through Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is one of very important things to be known by everyone at anytime and anywhere as well as very critical information in disaster warning and any other high-risk information. However, since the adversaries are able to illegally intercept and manipulate data, a secure data sensor transmission would be strongly expected. In this paper, we propose an implementation of secure data sensor transmission in WSN, such as temperature, humidity, O2, CO, CO2, O3, and NH3 data transferring from WSN sensor nodes to data center server through a gateway node for monitoring environmental health with consideration on data confidentiality, data integrity and light-weight cryptography computation. Our experimental results showed that total computation time for secure data sensor processing is about 320 ms on Waspmote ATmega1281 microcontroller 14MHz.

Recently, ubiquitous Internet-access services have been provided by Internet service providers (ISPs) by deploying wireless local area networks (LANs) in public spaces including stations, hotels, and coffee shops. The IEEE802.1X protocol is usually used for user authentications to allow only authorized users to access services. Then, although user personal information of access locations, services, and operations can be easily collected by ISPs and thus, their strict management has been demanded, it becomes very difficult when multiple ISPs provide roaming services by their corporations. In this paper, we present an anonymous IEEE802.1X authentication system using a group signature scheme to allow user authentication without revealing their identities. Without user identities, ISPs cannot collect personal information. As an efficient revocable group signature scheme, we adopt the verifier-local revocation (VLR) type with some modifications for use of the fast pairing computation. We show the implementation of our proposal and evaluation results where the practicality of our system is confirmed for up to 1, 000 revoked users.

Easy sharing files in public network that is intended only for certain people often resulting in the leaking of sharing folders or files and able to be read also by others who are not authorized. Secure data is one of the most challenging issues in data sharing systems. Here, Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE) is a reliable asymmetric encryption mechanism which deals with secure data and used for data encryption. It is not necessary encrypted to one particular user, but recipient is only able to decrypt if and only if the attribute set of his private key match with the specified policy in the ciphertext. In this paper, we propose a secure data exchange using CP-ABE with authentication feature. The data is attribute-based encrypted to satisfy confidentiality feature and authenticated to satisfy data authentication simultaneously.

Recently, the development of telecommunication fields is growing rapidly. One of the important issues in the development of telecommunications is the expansion of public mobile network infrastructures, i.e., base stations. However, the development of base stations requires substantial funds. Currently, there is a solution in building base station infrastructure with more efficient and cheaper by using Software Defined Radio (SDR) and Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP). USRP is working as a base station and SDR as a software complement in the development of the system. In this paper, we propose a GSM 2.5G network system. We utilize several software such as soft-switch, GNU radio and OpenBTS to support Mobile Switching Center (MSC), Base Station Controller (BSC), and Base Transceiver Station (BTS) functionalities. We demonstrate handover mechanism between two and more base stations, and authentication mechanism in the system. We also measure the throughput of the system provided by General Packet Radio Service (GPRS). The system capacity provides in average of 4 Kbps for download and 3 Kbps for upload. The main factor that affects the throughput is the factor of multi slot channel allocations towards download and upload. We also demonstrate handover mechanism when MS moves away from USRP 1 towards USRP 2, signal level of USRP 1 received by MS is weaker than signal level of USRP 2. Thus, MS selects USRP which has a strong signal as its base station. In addition, to prevent hacking and provide user authentication on the system, user and MSC must have a same key of Ki. By using a secret key of Ki which owned GSM network, only users that have the same key of Ki can be registered on the system.

IEEE 802.15.4 standard is widely used in wireless personal area networks (WPANs). The devices transmit data during two periods: contention access period (CAP) by accessing the channel using CSMA/CA and contention free period (CFP), which consists of guaranteed time slots (GTS) allocated to individual devices by the personal area network (PAN). However, the use of GTS slot size may lead to severe bandwidth wastage if the traffic pattern is not fit or only a small portion of GTS slot is used by allocated device. The proposed scheme devides the GTS slot and then optimizes the GTS slot size by exploiting the value of superframe order (SO) information. The proposed scheme was tested through simulations and the results show that the new GTS allocation scheme perform better than the original IEEE 802.15.4 standard in terms of average transmitted packets, throughput, latency and probability of successful packets.

Recently, Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) have been intensively researched to overcome unstable communication due to the intermittent link connection, delay, and losses in wireless communications. In wireless DTNs, content data are exchanged by storing and forwarding approach to enable continuous connectivity. However, since the participating nodes are not fully trusted, the secure data exchange mechanism in the DTNs would be strongly desirable. In this paper, we propose an implementation of secure data exchange in the wireless DTNs using Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) to provide two properties: (i) content data can be accessed by only authorized nodes that are dynamically defined by a policy on the attributes, and (ii) routing messages are attribute-based authenticated such that only the attribute-based authorized nodes can exchange the routing messages.

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), information carried in data sensor is very important for everyone, especially for critical data such as disaster warning, location based in military, and other high-risk data. Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) which informs data sensor of body status, such as blood pressure, electrocardiogram, air-flow of breathing, body temperature, patient position and falls, galvanic skin response, etc. as well as environment conditions such as humidity, gases, noise, etc. Such data sensor should be transferred through wireless to the data center server securely and can be easily accessed by everyone at anytime and anywhere. However, data exchange in WSNs has a big possibility to be illegally intercepted by many threats and attacks. Hence, security mechanism would be desirable to address the problem. In fact, sensor nodes usually have low power, low performance and limited resources. In this paper, we propose a security system in WSN for e-healthcare system that satisfies confidentiality, authenticity, and data integrity with consideration on low overhead of cryptographic computation. Our experimental results showed that total computation time for cryptographic is about 3.61 seconds on Waspmote ATmegal281 microcontroller 14MHz.

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) have emerged as an important area for research and development because of their application such as in e-healthcare monitoring system. This paper presents and discusses the performance of slotted and unslotted Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol WSN for medical system, with a few additions to the protocol and adequate tuning parameters. Performance of slotted and unslotted protocol CSMA/CA were evaluated and analyzed for different network configurations to understand the impact of protocol parameters such as Superframe Order (SO), Beacon Order (BO), Backoff Exponent (BE), and Maximum Backoff Exponent (maxBE). Network performances Quality of Service (QoS) are analyzed, namely Throughput, Power Consumption, Average Delay, and Packet Success Probability. The proposed work is implemented in Network Simulator 2 (NS2). The performance of the protocol CSMA/CA was evaluated for WSN star topology. The simulation results show that of unslotted CSMA/CA is better than slotted CSMA/CA in terms of the packet success probability, energy consumption, and delay. While slotted CSMA/CA is better than unslotted CSMA/CA in term of throughput.

Wireless sensor networks in internet of thing era have many applications, one of them for environment system, in environmental monitoring system everybody can access data anytime and anywhere. Information was collected using wireless sensor network, all of the data will be sent and stored in the data center. All of data in the data center can be accessed by users through HTTP protocol using a laptop, smartphone and Personal computer. The data in the data center must be secured and the data should be protected from the illegal access by the users from the environment monitoring. To secure the data from the illegal access by the user then the environment monitoring required a security with revocation aspect and encryption the data. CP-ABE (Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption) becomes a solution for this issue, to protect the sensor data and revoke the user. We propose a secure system using CP-ABE with user revocation for protecting the data in data center. Our system is not only encrypting the data sensor, but also revoke to the user. Our experiments system using CP-ABE showed the result for secure the sensor data and revoked the user who does not have the access rights. there are only 2 second processing time for revocation check users.

In IEEE 802.15.4 beacon-enabled mode, the personal area network (PAN) coordinator can assign guaranteed time slot (GTS) to allocate a particular duration for requested devices. The main challenge in GTS mechanism is how the PAN coordinator allocates time slot duration for the devices which request GTS. However, if the allocated devices use GTS slot partially or the traffic pattern is not suitable, the wasted bandwidth will increase which make degrade the performance of network. In order to overcome the above mentioned problem, this paper proposes a partitioned GTS allocation scheme (PEGAS) for IEEE 802.15.4 networks. PEGAS aims to decide the precise time for the starting time (GTSstart), the end of GTS (GTSend), and the GTS length (GTSlength) allocation for requested devices taking into the value of superframe order (SO), length of data packet and arrival data packet rate. The simulation results show that the proposed mechanisms outperform the IEEE 802.15.4 standard in terms of total of transmitted packet, throughput, energy efficiency, and latency.