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It is desirable for the load in a distributed system to be balanced evenly. A dynamic process migration protocol is needed in order to achieve load balancing in a user transparent manner. A distributed algorithm for load balancing which is network topology independent is proposed in this paper. Different network topologies and low-level communications protocols affect the choice of only some system design parameters. The "drafting" algorithm attempts to compromise two contradictory goals: maximize the processor utilization and minimize the communication overhead. The main objective of this paper is to describe the dynamic process migration protocol based on the proposed drafting algorithm. A sample distributed system is used to further illustrate the drafting algorithm and to show how to define system design parameters. The system performance is measured by simulation experiments based on the sample system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to provide scalable live streaming services, we propose an Interoverlay Optimization scheme, IOO. Instead of selecting better paths in the same overlay, IOO constructs efficient paths using peers in different overlays so as to 1) improve global resource utilization of peer-to-peer (P2P) streaming networks, 2) assign resources based on their locality and delay, 3) guarantee streaming service quality by using the nearest peers, even when such peers might belong to different overlays, and 4) balance the load among the group (streaming overlay) members. We compare the performance of IOO with existing approaches through trace-driven simulations. Results show that IOO outperforms previous schemes in terms of resource utilization and the quality of service (QoS) of streaming services. The IOO scheme has been implemented in an Internet-based live streaming system, called AnySee. AnySee was successfully released in the summer of 2004 in the China Educational Research Network (CERNET). More than 60,000 users enjoy massive entertainment programs, including TV programs, movies, and academic conferences videos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]