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Internet of Things (IoT) is a new concept in Information and Communications Technology and its structure is based on smart objects communications. It contributes to controlling, managing, and administrating devices through the Internet. IoT is emerging as a key component of the Internet and a vital infrastructure for millions of interconnected objects. Thus, the security of IoT is highly important. Scalable applications and services are vulnerable to various attacks and information leakage, demanding greater levels of security and privacy. For instance, hacking personal information is a challenge in this regard. The present study is an investigation of symmetric, asymmetric and hybrid encryption algorithms for IoT security. Asymmetric key encryption to ensure secure communication between multiple users and thereby avoiding distributing key on an insecure channel. All algorithms are compared based on security factors. Results indicate that Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) has a better performance than other algorithms in the study. ECC to generate smaller, faster and reliable cryptography keys. Also, ECC decreases the memory requirements and the execution encryption/decryption time. This study helps to understand the importance of several security factors in IoT and advancements in cryptography algorithms.

Internet of Things (IoT) deploys a wide range of technologies including wireless sensor networks, machine-to-machine communication, robots, internet technologies, and smart devices. IoT is a novel phenomenon in the IT world wherein objects can transmit data, and interact through the internet or intranet networks. But the most important and crucial issue on the IoT is privacy and data security. The objective of this paper is to create a new encryption model for data storage servers in an IoT-based irrigation systems. Thus, a hybrid encryption algorithm based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), RC4, and SHA-256 is proposed to protect sensitive data of IoT-based irrigation systems. The proposed model uses ECC to improve RC4. In RC4, XOR operation is performed using a key encrypted by ECC and shift-right, and then the resulting data are transformed to SHA-256 to ensure security. Simulation results indicate that encryption and decryption time in the proposed model are shorter than other models like XXTEA & ECC, XXTEA & RSA, ECC&3DES&SHA-256, RC4&3DES&SHA-256, AES&RC4&SHA-256, AES&3DES &SHA-256, RC4&AES&SHA-256, RC2&3DES&SHA-256, and ECC&RC2&SHA-256 with, 43.39%, 66.03%, 45.28%, 54.71%, 50.94%, 33.96%, 33.62%, 24.52%, and, 15.09% respectively.

Internet of Things (IoT) as a ubiquitous paradigm is a new concept in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and has the ability to connect wireless and mobile embedded devices and things to the Internet. IoT is emerging as a key component of the Internet and a vital infrastructure for millions of smart and interconnected objects that are potentially vulnerable to different attacks. Thus, the security of resource-constrained devices in IoT is highly important. As an important solution, cryptographic algorithms are used to provide confidentiality and integrity of the transmitted data between the sender and receiver. Hence, this paper proposes a new hybrid cryptographic algorithm based on Rivest cipher (RC4), Elliptic-Curve Cryptography (ECC), and Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA-256) to protect sensitive information in IoT-based smart irrigation systems. In this paper, the RC4 key is encrypted by the ECC algorithm, and the output of this encryption process is transformed to SHA-256 for hashing and generating enigmatic data. SHA-256 algorithm encrypts RC4 based cipher text to improve data integrity. Comprehensive analysis and simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme is secure to various known attacks such as the Man-in-the-middle (MiM) attack, and has a better performance than other cryptographic algorithms. Also, the obtained results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed model and robustness in order to confidentiality based on analyzing secrecy.