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The impression of the human face is very important in daily life. However few studies of it have been made from the technical point of view. This is because impressions of a face are formed in the mind of a person and it is not easy to handle this computationally. This paper proposes a method to synthesize an average face of a group of individuals in order to analyze the “impression” quantitatively. A facial space can be constructed by using multiple average faces. This facial space assists in discriminating among several impressions in changing the impression of the original faces. © 1998 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 81(11): 29–35, 1998 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a new coding method using structural features such as shape and motion in a moving image so that they are described as plane motion in a 3D space. In this method, a layered representation (a moving image is described on a 2D projection plane) is extended by using a setting representation so as to handle 3D data. In the setting representation, 3D parameters which describe the orientation of a plane and the motion of a rigid body are needed for the regions that move coherently on the projection plane. Parameters can be estimated stably by applying a conventional 3D parameter estimation algorithm (which uses the square-error criterion based on the assumption of equal intensity between adjacent frames) to multiple frames. This paper also proposes a method of integration of the rigid-body motion of multiple regions so that the motion of images can be described more efficiently. The proposed method is compared with the layered representation using 2D data, and a conventional waveform-based method. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 1998 Scripta Technica, Syst Comp Jpn, 28(10): 50–59, 1997 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human face includes a great deal of information related to individual features. If it were possible to describe facial images by means of parameters, one could think of a variety of applications. In this paper, wireframe models are applied to facial images, and orthogonal facial bases are found using principal-component analysis, while shape-related data and texture-related data are treated separately. By means of these facial bases, effective parametric description of facial images is achieved. The proposed method supports not only analysis of facial images but also image synthesis using obtained parameters. © 1998 Scripta Technica, Syst Comp Jpn, 28(10): 77–83, 1997 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a method which analyzes an expression from a facial image using a three-dimensional facial model and the extracts the facial expression. First, the head motion the action (such as those of eyebrows, eyes, and lips) are separated from the facial image. This is realized by estimating the three-dimensional facial and by compensating the motion. Next, the expression information is extracted from the separated facial actions in two ways. One is the method to extract successively the facial expressions considering the characteristics of the facial action actions based on the facial muscles. The other is the method to estimated the facial expression as a using the least-square method and regarding the facial actions by the facial muscles as a vector. Those methods are it possible to reconstruct the original expression from the extracted facial expression parameters. Finally, the result of the analysis of the facial expression from the actual image analysis of the facial result of evaluation by a psychologist to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method. The image reconstructed from the result of analysis also is compared with the original image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]