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Background Lithuania has one of the highest averages in the European Union when it comes to psychological and/or economic intimate partner violence (PE-IPV). IPV survivors are several times more likely to have mental health conditions than those without IPV experiences. The aim of this article is to study the prevalence, characteristics and attitudes of PE-IPV survivors in Lithuania, and the predictors of them accessing mental health services. Methods A cross-sectional study based on a national survey representative of the adult population. The survey was implemented by a third-party independent market research company employing an online survey panel. Logistic regression models were used in the analysis. Results Almost 50% of women in Lithuania experience PE-IPV. Females are significantly more likely to experience it than males. The vast majority of women find PE-IPV unacceptable; however, only one-third of survivors seek any type of help. Only one-tenth approach mental health services, with divorcees being at higher odds of doing so. Conclusions Further research is needed to explore predictors and contextual factors of why IPV survivors seek mental healthcare, or not. Policy implications include the need to eliminate IPV and mental health stigma; develop accessible mental health services and effective treatment approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To understand if supported accommodations (SA) are promoting the recovery of people with serious mental disorders, quality of life (QoL) is an important outcome. This study aimed to analyse the association between QoL and experiences of care in general and to identify specific experiences of care that are associated with QoL in users of SA. Methods: A random sample of users of 42 SA was interviewed to obtain standardized measures of QoL and personal experiences of care. The sample was also characterized according to sociodemographic and clinical aspects. Linear regressions models analysed the association between QoL and experiences of care, adjusting for potential confounders. Results include estimated regression coefficients, corresponding 95% confidence intervals and p-values. Results: The number of users interviewed was 272. The median QoL was 4.9 (2.3–6.8) out of 7. Although 84.9% of users were satisfied with the care received, only 16.2% felt involved in their treatment. Feeling safe (β =.73; 95% CI [0.22–1.24], p =.006) and having privacy (β =.42; 95% CI [0.09–0.75], p =.014) influenced QoL. Involvement in care (β =.44; 95% CI [0.13–0.74], p =.006), safety and privacy (β =.72; 95% CI [0.44–0.99], p = 8.38e-07) and user-professional relationship (β =.42; 95% CI [0.14–0.69], p =.003) were also associated with QoL. Conclusions: Feeling safe, having privacy, feeling involved in care and having good user-professional relationships influence the QoL of users. These findings have implications from the political and economic level to the organizational and individual levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The treatment gap for mental disorders remains a challenge worldwide. Identifying reasons for nontreatment may contribute to reducing this gap. To evaluate sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with use and barriers to treatment in Portugal. Data from the 2009 National Mental Health Survey were used. Participants reported 12-month treatment and reasons for nontreatment. Logistic regression models analysed the association between sociodemographic (education; employment; income; marital status) and clinical variables (mental disorder diagnosis; disability) with treatment and type of barriers (low perceived need; structural; attitudinal). The majority of participants with a mental disorder was not treated. Treatment was more common among participants with mood disorders (OR = 4.19; 95% CI: 2.72–6.46), and disability (OR = 2.43; 95% CI: 1.33–4.46), and less common among single participants (OR = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.20–0.70) and those with basic/secondary education (OR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.24–0.73). Attitudinal barriers were more likely among participants with none/primary (OR = 2.90; 95% CI: 1.42–5.90) and basic/secondary education (OR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.01–2.85), and less likely among those with substance use disorders (OR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.10–0.70). Low perceived need was higher among single people (OR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.01–3.08), and lower among those with anxiety (OR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.28–0.90) and mood disorders (OR = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.09–0.30). Unemployed participants had higher odds of reporting structural barriers (OR = 3.76; 95% CI: 1.29–10.92). This study identifies factors associated with nontreatment, providing useful evidence to develop policies and effective interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Assess the influence of anxiety symptoms on oral health related-quality of life in young women from a cohort study in Southern Brazil.Methods: A sample of 535 young mothers were analyzed. Interviews and psychological evaluations were carried out by trained psychologists. The Brazilian version of the Corah's dental anxiety scale and the Beck anxiety inventory were used to evaluate dental anxiety and anxiety symptoms, respectively. The oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was assessed by the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance instrument. Dental examinations were performed by trained dentists to assess oral health status (DMFT). The effect of anxiety symptoms on oral health-related quality of life was estimated using the parametric g-formula.Results: The prevalence of negative impact on OHRQoL was of 46.3 and 28% of the women presented anxiety symptoms. Unadjusted analysis showed that women with anxiety symptoms had 2.5 higher impact on OHRQoL (OR 2.55; CI 95% 1.72-3.79). The parametric g-formula revealed that anxiety had a direct effect on oral health perception (OR 1.16; CI 95% 1.04-1.30), not mediated by dental anxiety.Conclusion: Oral health-related quality of life is influenced by anxiety symptoms, regardless of dental anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To systematically review the literature in order to investigate a potential association between periodontitis and halitosis. Methods Electronic searches were performed in four different databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Scielo. Population-based observational studies that tested the association between periodontitis and halitosis were included. Additionally, meta-analysis, meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to synthesize the evidence. Results A total of 1,107 articles were identified in electronic searches; out of which, five were included within the meta-analysis. Pooled estimates revealed that individuals with periodontitis presented 3.16 times higher odds ( OR 3.16; 95% CI: 1.12-8.95) of having halitosis. Meta-regression and subgroups analyses showed that criteria used for halitosis and periodontitis assessment explained nearly 45% and 24% of heterogeneity between studies, respectively. Conclusions Positive association between periodontitis and halitosis was found in pooled results of population-based observational studies. However, this evidence is derived from cross-sectional studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring is used routinely in labor, but conventional methods have a limited capacity to detect fetal hypoxia/acidosis. An exploratory study was performed on the simultaneous assessment of maternal heart rate (MHR) and FHR variability, to evaluate their evolution during labor and their capacity to detect newborn acidemia. MHR and FHR were simultaneously recorded in 51 singleton term pregnancies during the last two hours of labor and compared with newborn umbilical artery blood (UAB) pH. Linear/nonlinear indices were computed separately for MHR and FHR. Interaction between MHR and FHR was quantified through the same indices on FHR-MHR and through their correlation and cross-entropy. Univariate and bivariate statistical analysis included nonparametric confidence intervals and statistical tests, receiver operating characteristic curves and linear discriminant analysis. Progression of labor was associated with a significant increase in most MHR and FHR linear indices, whereas entropy indices decreased. FHR alone and in combination with MHR as FHR-MHR evidenced the highest auROC values for prediction of fetal acidemia, with 0.76 and 0.88 for the UAB pH thresholds 7.20 and 7.15, respectively. The inclusion of MHR on bivariate analysis achieved sensitivity and specificity values of nearly 100 and 89.1%, respectively. These results suggest that simultaneous analysis of MHR and FHR may improve the identification of fetal acidemia compared with FHR alone, namely during the last hour of labor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mental disorders are a major cause of disability with impacts on daily functioning and quality of life, which has been associated with socioeconomic disadvantage. The present study aims to assess how socioeconomic position is related to the disability reported by people with mental disorders, using data from the World Mental Health Survey (WMHS) Initiative Portugal. Methods: Using data from the Portuguese Mental Health Survey, a nationally representative cross-sectional study ( n = 3849), several logistic regression models with interaction terms were performed to evaluate the effect of different indicators of socioeconomic position on the disability reported by people with any mental disorder (any 12-month mood or anxiety disorder). Odds ratios were estimated at the specific values of the main effects and interaction terms between the presence of any mental disorder and education, employment status, self-perceived financial deprivation and subjective social status. Results: The prevalence rate of any mood or anxiety disorder was 21.0% ( n = 788), among which 14.7% ( n = 115) reported disability. The results show that among people with any 12-month mental disorder, those in the employment category of "retired or others" had two times higher odds of reporting disability (OR = 2.19; 95%CI: 1.06–4.48) when compared to participants categorized as "working". Likewise, individuals with financial deprivation had two times higher odds of reporting disability when compared to those non-financially deprived (OR = 2.36; 95%CI: 1.31–4.24). The odds ratios obtained for the specific years of education evaluated were not statistically significant but seem to suggest an educational gradient. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that the disability reported by people with mental disorders varies according to socioeconomic position and draw attention to the need to develop policies to address these inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]