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Background: Access to reliable and credible health information improves individuals' personal care level in crises, such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) pandemic. It subsequently results in enhancing the community's health and reducing the health system's costs. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the COVID- 19 related information seeking behaviour demonstrated by citizens in Isfahan, Iran. Methods: This research was conducted in 2020 and employed a qualitative approach using conventional content analysis. The research population was selected from almost different social classes of people in Iran using purposive sampling. The saturation point was reached at 24 semi- structured interviews. The data's soundness was confirmed based on the criteria of credibility, confirmability, dependability and transferability proposed by Guba and Lincoln. Results: The findings revealed five subcategories and 25 codes within the information seeking behaviour. The subcategories included attitude towards the COVID- 19 crisis, information needs, information resources, information validation and information seeking barriers. Conclusion: People seek information from various resources to update their knowledge and become more prepared in the face of COVID- 19. The findings can be used to develop policies on informing and preventing the dissemination of false information in crises, such as the COVID- 19 crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Misinformation refers to unclear information from unreliable resources, and it is a common phenomenon of society; it can even constitute a part of family and social conversations due to the relative damages. Misinformation dissemination under the circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic can be considered a cause of health-related anxieties and severe harm to the countries. The present study aims to explain factors related to the dissemination and acceptance of coronavirus misinformation in Iran. Material and Methods: This qualitative study was carried out through content analysis in the year 2020. The population included Iranian experts in Information and Communication Sciences, among whom 19 experts were selected through the purposive sampling method. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed through Continuous Thematic Analysis. Such criteria authenticated data trustworthiness as credibility, confirmability, dependability, and transferability proposed by Guba and Lincoln. Findings: Based on the experiences of participants, six major categories and 18 subcategories were identified regarding the major theme. The major categories included the official news and informing system, misinformation nature, users, media, misinformation source, and social determinants. Conclusion: Concurrent with the Covid-19 outbreak, a sort of information tsunami occurs. Unavoidably, a significant amount of misinformation regarding the various aspects of the virus, such as its origin, transmission methods, control, and treatment, are published. In many cases, the spreading information is not checked and verified in terms of accuracy and authenticity. The spread and acceptance of Covid-19 related misinformation happen under the impact of various factors. Being familiar with these factors will boost the culture of health and pave the path toward establishing evidence-based information public awareness schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients with serious diseases need to have further access to reliable information regarding how to take care of themselves against COVID-19. This study endeavored to elucidate COVID-19 information needs and information-seeking behaviors of cardiovascular patients hospitalized in the hospitals of Isfahan, Iran. This qualitative study was conducted using content analysis in 2020. The population was 17 cardiovascular patients referred to the Shahid Chamran Hospital of Isfahan, who were selected using the purposive sampling method. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed through continuous thematic analysis. The findings showed four categories and ten sub-categories as follows: information needs (general information regarding COVID-19, prevention methods, and treatment methods), information resources (reliable information resources and unreliable information resources), information validation (using formal and informal resources), and information-seeking barriers (media-related, political, economical, and COVID-19-related barriers). Cardiovascular patients are in serious need of awareness-raising concerning COVID-19 to take care of themselves. This study's results could help health education policy-makers of Iran pinpoint the information needs of high-risk patients and provide these patients access to reliable information while preventing damages due to misinformation regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]