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Copper is an essential element in the human body, participating in various physiological activities in the bodies of organisms. However, an excessive load of Cu 2+ is associated with several neurodegenerative diseases and prion diseases, also identified as a symptom of Wilson's disease (WD). A straightforward, rapid, sensitive, and specific copper sensor is highly required but remains a challenge. In this study, guided by the simulation, we developed a chemical sensor using a cascade signal amplification strategy based on the Cu-catalyzed click reaction, combined with a fluorescence-enhanced substrate with gold nanorods coupled with silver nanoislands. The sensor can selectively detect Cu 2+ as low as 3.87 nM within 10 min. We have demonstrated that this method can be directly employed for WD diagnosis in urine samples. In addition, using antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) as an example, we verify whether this assay can be adapted to other targets where Cu is designed as an indirect indicator.

A fast (1 min), straightforward but efficient, click chemistry-based system that enables the rapid detection of free copper (Cu) ions in either biological fluids or living cells without tedious pretreatment is provided. Cu can quickly induce the conjugation between graphene oxide (GO) and a fluorescent dye via click reaction. On the basis of the high specificity of bioorthogonal reaction and the effective quenching ability of GO, the assay studied in this paper can respond to Cu ions in less than 1 min with excellent selectivity and sensitivity, which is the fastest sensor for Cu as far as it is known. In addition, the application of this system is verified by performing assays in living cells and untreated urine samples from patients suffering from Wilson's Disease. Such a Cu detection system shows great promises in both fundamental research and routine clinical diagnostics., (© 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)

A tandem synthesis for structurally novel 3-chloro-4-iodoisoxazoles was developed by simply mixing 1-copper(I) alkynes, dichloroformaldoxime, and molecular iodine together. The combination of 1-copper(I) alkyne and molecular iodine was well used as a synthetic equivalent of 1-iodoalkyne without the need for tedious preparation, purification, and storage of 1-iodoalkyne.

A tandem synthesis of 3-halo-5-substituted isoxazoles has been developed from 1-copper(I) alkynes and dihaloformaldoximes under base-free conditions. Thus, 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and all its drawbacks can now be avoided completely.

Highly sensitive colorimetric detection of organophosphate pesticides (OPs) was developed using Cu (I)-catalyzed click chemistry as the colorimetric signal amplification process between the acetylcholine esterase-acetylthiocholine system (AChE-ATCl) and azide- terminal alkyne-functionalized Au NPs as the colorimetric probe. It was demonstrated that the involvement of Cu (I)-catalyzed click chemistry allowed greatly improved colorimetric sensitivity for OPs detection based on the indirect modulation of click chemistry-induced Au NPs aggregation by the AChE-ATCl system. Paraoxon as the model OPs in the concentration range from 10(-6) to 10(-4)g/L can be directly detected using the naked-eye-based colorimetric assay without the aid of any complex instruments. The results for paraoxon detection in spiked apple juice were found to be in good agreement with that obtained by the conventional UV-vis spectroscopy. This simple and reliable assay would greatly improve the public safety and environmental protection in an on-site and real-time detection format., (Copyright © 2012. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

The scalable, base-free tandem synthesis proceeds regioselectively and offers a practical alternative to the established 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The front cover picture, provided by Bo Wang, Xinyan Wang, and Yuefei Hu, illustrates the characteristics of 1 ‐ copper(I) ‐ 2 ‐ phenylethyne in its preparation, properties and structure. By using its polymeric structure, the tandem reaction sequence of 1 ‐ Cu(I) ‐ alkyne with an azide (cycloaddition) and then an electrophile E+ (electrophilic substitution) can be controlled efficiently. Thus, a general method for the synthesis of 1,4,5 ‐ trisubstituted 1,2,3 ‐ triazoles was developed by simply stirring the mixture of a 1 ‐ copper(I) ‐ alkyne, an azide and an electroplile E+. Details can be found in the full paper on pages 401 – 407 (B. Wang, N. Liu, W. Chen, D. Huang, X. Wang, Y. Hu, Adv. Synth. Catal. 2015, 357, 401 – 407; DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400471). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Portable, sensitive, repeatable method developed for screening in fish, water, electrical appliances. • It integrates solid-phase microextraction and SPME-SERS probe. • Good linear relationship established between SERS intensity and log concentrations. • It can be used for monitoring occurrence, formation, and migration of PBDEs. The monitoring of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) is of great significance owing to their high persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity to humans and animals. In this study, a sensitive and reproducible probe that integrates solid-phase microextraction and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SPME-SERS) was developed for screening PBDEs in multiphase specimens, including live fish, water, and electrical products. A roughed Cu fiber with an Ag layer was fabricated with dual functions. BDE-15 was readily extracted and detected on the SPME-SERS probe consisting of propanethiol-modified Ag nanoplates on a Cu wire. A clear linear relationship (R2 = 0.988) was established between the SERS intensity at 782 cm−1 and the logarithmic concentrations (from 100 ppb to 100 ppm), with a detection limit of 15 ppb. This proposed method enables continuous in vivo monitoring in fish without complicated pretreatments. The results obtained by this SPME-SERS approach were validated by high-performance liquid chromatography and showed good agreement. This "extracting and detecting" SPME-SERS method provides a potential tool to monitor the occurrence, formation, and migration of PBDEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: We found that alkoxalyl chloride (ClCOCO2R) did not carry out an acylation on 1-copper(I) alkyne in solvent without additives, but chemoselectively on 5-copper(I) 1,2,3-triazole (an intermediate in cycloaddition of 1-copper(I) alkyne and azide). Thus, a one-pot preparation of 1,4,5-trisubstituted 5-(2-alkoxy-1,2-dioxoethyl)-1,2,3-triazole was achieved by simply stirring the mixture of 1-copper(I) alkyne, azide, and alkoxalyl chloride at room temperature for 4h. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]